Experiences of Islamophobia: Living with Racism in the Neoliberal Era PDF
Preview Experiences of Islamophobia: Living with Racism in the Neoliberal Era
James Carr offers a much-needed foray into the lives of Muslims in Ireland as they attempt to negotiate their place in the face of popular Islamophobic racism and the simultaneous state denial of its existence. As Carr himself declares, anti- Muslim racism is both un-researched and un-theorised in the Irish context. Thus, he leads the way in illuminating how Islamophobia plays out at the level of a quintessential neo-liberal state. Far from simply a critique, the book also offers an empirical and theoretical foundation from which to challenge exclusionary sentiments, practices and policies. Professor Barbara Perry, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada Drawing upon results from his own extensive fieldwork, James Carr provides fas- cinating new insights into the forms and impacts of anti-Muslim racism in con- temporary societies. Utilising international perspectives coupled with a case study of Ireland, his excellent and perceptive analysis of this damaging social phenomenon will be of immense value to students, academics and practitioners alike. Mr Jon Garland, University of Surrey, UK This text is as timely as it is unique. Deconstructing with clarity the sometimes dichotomous relationship between Islamophobia and anti-Muslim racism, Carr’s study offers a number of new critical insights into a still embryonic field of inquiry. While focusing on the Irish context – a geographical area that to date has been somewhat overlooked in existing studies – the analyses underpinning and informing this book have a much wider relevance especially those framed by the- ories of neoliberalism. Without doubt, this book deserves to be widely read. Dr Chris Allen, University of Birmingham, UK This page intentionally left blank Experiences of Islamophobia Since 9/11 interest in Islamophobia has steadily increased – as have the number of academic publications discussing the phenomenon. However, theoretical expositions have dominated the field. Lived experiences of Islamophobia, by contrast, have received little attention. In recognition of the importance of addressing this imbalance, this book provides theoretically-i nformed analyses alongside everyday testimonies of anti- Muslim racism, set comparatively in an international context. Carr argues that the failure of the neoliberal state to collect data on anti- Muslim racism highlights the perpetuation of ‘race’ blindness within govern- ance. Not only does this mean that the salience of racism is denied in the lives of those who experience it, but this also enables the state to absolve itself from challenging the issue and providing the necessary supports to Muslim communities. Offering original empirical research and theoretical engagement with the concept of ‘race’-blind neoliberal governance, this book will appeal to students and scholars across the social sciences, in addition to policymakers and activists working in this topical area. James Carr is based in the Department of Sociology, University of Limerick, Ireland. Routledge Research in Race and Ethnicity 1 Racial Discrimination 8 The Black Professional Middle Institutional patterns and politics Class Masoud Kamali Race, class, and community in the post- civil rights era 2 Black Masculinity and Sexual Eric S. Brown Politics Anthony J. Lemelle, Jr. 9 Race and Class Distinctions Within Black Communities 3 Represent A racial-c aste-in-c lass Art and identity among the black Paul Camy Mocombe, upper-m iddle class Carol Tomlin and Cecile Wright Patricia A. Banks 10 Making Diaspora in a Global 4 Blackness and Transatlantic City Irish Identity South Asian youth cultures in Celtic soul brothers London Lauren Onkey Helen Kim 5 Music, Difference and the 11 A Moral Economy of Whiteness Residue of Race Four frames of racializing Jo Haynes discourse Steve Garner 6 Black Citizenship and Authenticity in the Civil Rights 12 Race and the Origins of Movement American Neoliberalism Randolph Hohle Randolph Hohle 7 Migrants and Race in the US 13 Experiences of Islamophobia Territorial racism and the alien/ Living with racism in the outside neoliberal era Philip Kretsedemas James Carr Experiences of Islamophobia Living with racism in the neoliberal era James Carr First published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2016 James Carr The right of James Carr to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Carr, James (Sociologist) Experiences of islamophobia : living with racism in the neoliberal era / James Carr. pages cm. – (Routledge research in race and ethnicity) Includes bibliographical references. 1. Islamophobia. 2. Neoliberalism. I. Title. BP52.C37 2016 305.6'97–dc23 2015012294 ISBN: 978-1-138-85175-7 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-72392-1 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear For my four shining stars – let’s light up the darkness! This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgements xi 1 Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Anti-M uslim racism in the neoliberal era 2 ‘Truth’ and rational government 4 Theorising ‘race’ and racism- lessness 6 Anti-M uslim racism and the neoliberal state 8 Chapter outline 11 2 Conducting ‘race’ in a neoliberal world 15 Introduction 15 Sovereign and disciplinary power 16 Disciplinary power and the norm 17 Governmentality 18 ‘Truth’ 19 Neoliberalism as a regime of ‘truth’ 21 The ‘truth’ of neoliberal governmentality 21 ‘Race’, racism and the post-r acial neoliberal ‘moment’ 26 Resisting ‘racelessness’ and anti-M uslim racism 29 Discussion and conclusion 31 3 De- constructing Islamophobia 3 Introduction 33 Defining Islamophobia 34 Defining racism 36 Defining anti- Muslim racism as anti-M uslim racism 37 Neoliberalism and efficient racialised ‘truths’ of the Muslim as ‘other’ 44 Discussion and conclusion 53
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