Exotic Atoms ’79 Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter PDF
Preview Exotic Atoms ’79 Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter
Exotic Atoms '79 Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter ETTORE MAJORANA INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE SERIES Series Editor: Antonino Zichichi European Physical Society Geneva, Switzerland (PHYSICAL SCIENCES) Volume 1 INTERACTING BOSONS IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS Edited by F. lachello Volume 2 HADRONIC MATTER AT EXTREME ENERGY DENSITY Edited by Nicola Cabibbo and Luigi Sertorio, Volume 3 COMPUTER TECHNIQUES IN RADIATION TRANSPORT AND DOSIMETRY Edited by Walter R. Nelson and T. M. Jenkins Volume 4 EXOTIC ATOMS '79: Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter Edited by Kenneth Crowe, Jean Duclos, Giovanni Fiorentini, and Gabriele Torelli Exotic Atoms '79 Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter Edited by Kenneth Crowe University of California Berkeley, California Jean Duclos CEN de Sac lay Gif sur Yvette, France Giovanni Fiorentini Gabriele Torelli and Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (lNFN) Pisa, Italy Plenum Press · New York and London Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International School of Physics of Exotic Atoms, 2d, Erice, Italy, 1979. Exotic atoms '79. (Ettore Majorana international science series: Physical sciences; v. 4) "Proceedings of the second course of the International School of Physics of Exotic Atoms, held in Erice, Trapani, Sicily March 25-April 5, 1979." Includes index. 1. Nuclear reactions-Congresses. 2. Matter-Constitution-Congresses. 3. Nuclear chemistry-Congresses. 4. Muons-Congresses. I. Crowe, Kenneth. II. Title. III. Series. QC793.9.1595 1979 539.7'21 79-23072 ISBN-13:978-1-4613-3044-8 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4613-3042-4 001: 10.1007/978-1-4613-3042-4 Proceedings of the Second Course of the International School of Physics of Exotic Atoms, held in Erice, Trapani, Sicily, March 25-April 5, 1979. © 1980 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1980 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher PREFACE The second course of the International School on the Physics of Exotic Atoms took place at the "Ettore Majorana" Center for Scien tific Culture, Erice, Sicily, during the period from March 25 to April 5, 1979. It was attended by 40 participants from 23 insti tutes in 8 countries. The purpose of the course was to review the various aspects of the physics of exotic atoms, with particular emphasis on the re sults obtained in the last two years, i.e., after the first course of the School (Erice, April 24-30, 1977). The course dealt with two main topics, A) Exotic atoms and fundamental interactions and B) Applications to the study of the structure of matter. One of the aims of the course was to offer an opportunity for the exchange of experiences between scientists working in the two fields. In view of this, the lectures in the morning discussed the more general arguments in a common session, whereas the more specialized topics were treated in the afternoon, in two parallel sections. Section A was organized around four main subjects, briefly pos itronium and muonium, quarkonium, baryonium and neutral currents in atomic physics. In addition various progresses were reported in muon and antiproton physics. In section B a comprehensive account of the field of muon spin rotation was given. The topics covered were: muon motion in solids, muons in semiconductors and ferromagnetic materials, isotope effects of Hydrogen diffusion in metals, the chemistry of muonic radicals, problems of site determination, muonium induced quadrupole moments, muons in semimetals and quantum tunnelling. The lecturers were kind enough to edit their notes so that we are now able to present the proceedings of the course; we would like to express our appreciation and gratitude to all of them for the effort they put into both the preparation and presentation of these lectures. v PREFACE The Center for Scientific Culture was a very efficient and pleasant host for this course, and our sincere thanks go to its Director, Prof. A. Zichichi. The Editors Pisa, July, 1979 CONTENTS I. FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS Muonium 3 w. V. Hughes Positronium • . 19 v. w. Hughes Anomalous Muon Capture and Lepton Number Conservation 23 B. Hahn and T. Marti A New Measurement of the Muon Capture Rate in Liquid Hydrogen . • . • 39 J. Duclos Polarization Experiments in the Godfrey-Cycle 45 L. Grenacs Parity Non-Conservation in Atoms and Molecules 57 P. G. H. Sandars II. QUARK ATOMS Quark Atoms . • • 79 T. Appelquist Test of QCD with Heavy Quark Bound States 101 J. Rafelski and R. D. Viollier Baryonium - Nuclear Atom or Colour Holecule? III Chan Hong-Mo vii viii CONTENTS III. THE CHEMICAL PHYSICS OF MESIC ATOMS AND MOLECULES Atomic Capture of Negative Mesons in Hydrogen • • • • • • 141 M. Leon New Developments in the Study of Mesic Chemistry 147 H. Schneuwly Elastic Scattering of Muonic Hydrogen Atoms Against Protons: Status of Experiments 161 A. Bertin Muon Transfer Processes from Free Muonic Hydrogen and Deuterium: Recent Experimental Results • • . • • 169 A. Vitale Hydrogenic Mesomolecules and Muon Catalyzed Fusion 177 J. Rafelski IV. MUON SPIN ROTATION Muon Diffusion and Trapping in Solids • • • • • • • • • " 209 A. M. Stoneham Hydrogen Diffusion and Trapping in BCC and FCC Metals 245 D. Richter Light-Interstitial Diffusion in Metals 283 H. Teichler Some Aspects on Positive Muons as Impurities in Metals • • • . • • • . • • • • •• 303 E. Karlsson LAMPF Results on ~+ Diffusion in Metals • • • • • • • • •• 327 M. Leon ~SR in Semiconductors 331 P. F. Meier ~SR in Ferromagnetic Metals 355 P. F. Meier CONTENTS ix Free Radicals in Muonium Chemistry 379 E. Roduner Index .•.• 399 Part I Fundamental Interactions
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