Ewing's analytical instrumentation handbook

991 Pages·2019·149.1 MB·English

by  Grinberg, Nelu, Rodriguez, Sonia

Ewing’s Analytical Instrumentation
Handbook, Fourth Edition

Ewing’s Analytical Instrumentation
Handbook, Fourth Edition
Edited by
Nelu Grinberg
Sonia Rodriguez
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑ in‑ Publication Data
Names: Grinberg, Nelu, 1950- editor. | Rodriguez, Sonia (Chemist), editor. |
Ewing, Galen Wood, 1914-1998.
Title: Ewing’s analytical instrumentation handbook.
Other titles: Analytical instrumentation handbook
Description: Fourth edition / [edited by] Nelu Grinberg, Sonia Rodriguez. |
Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019. | Includes
bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019004593 | ISBN 9781482218671 (hardback : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Instrumental analysis--Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Chemistry,
Analytic--Instruments--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Classification: LCC QD79.I5 A49 2019 | DDC 543/.078--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019004593
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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Contents
Preface.........................................................................................................................................................................................vii
About the Editors .........................................................................................................................................................................ix
Contributors .................................................................................................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 The Laboratory Use of Computers ..........................................................................................................................1
Wes Schafer and Zhihao Lin
Chapter 2 Flow Injection, Sequential Injection Analysis, and Lab-on-a-Valve Approaches .................................................21
Manuel Miró and Elo Harald Hansen
Chapter 3 Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ..............................................................................55
Tiebang Wang
Chapter 4 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Related Techniques ..................................................................................71
Bernhard Welz and Maria Goreti R. Vale
Chapter 5 Ultraviolet, Visible, Near-Infrared Spectrophotometers ......................................................................................117
Chris W. Brown
Chapter 6 Molecular Fluorescence and Phosphorescence ...................................................................................................129
Ricardo Q. Aucelio, Sarzamin Khan, Andrea R. da Silva, Fernando M. Lanças, and Emanuel Carrilho
Chapter 7 Vibrational Spectroscopy: Instrumentation for Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy ...........................................165
Peter Fredericks, Llewellyn Rintoul, and John Coates
Chapter 8 X-Ray Methods ...................................................................................................................................................233
Narayan Variankaval
Chapter 9 Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ................................................................................................................................249
Christoph Haisch
Chapter 10 Techniques of Chiroptical Spectroscopy .............................................................................................................265
Nelu Grinberg, Harry G. Brittain, and Sonia Rodriguez
Chapter 11 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ..............................................................................................................................289
Nina C. Gonnella
Chapter 12 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ......................................................................................................................343
Sandra S. Eaton and Gareth R. Eaton
Chapter 13 X-Ray Photoelectron and Auger Electron Spectroscopy ....................................................................................381
C. R. Brundle, J. F. Watts, and J. Wolstenholme
Chapter 14 Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation ...................................................................................................................409
Yuan Su, Li-Rong Yu, Thomas P. Conrads, and Timothy D. Veenstra
Chapter 15 Thermoanalytical Instrumentation and Applications .........................................................................................433
Kenneth S. Alexander, Alan T. Riga, and Peter J. Haines
v
vi Contents
Chapter 16 Potentiometry: pH and Ion-Selective Electrodes ................................................................................................491
Ronita L. Marple and William R. LaCourse
Chapter 17 Voltammetry ........................................................................................................................................................509
Mark P. Olson and William R. LaCourse
Chapter 18 Electrochemical Stripping Analysis ....................................................................................................................523
William R. LaCourse
Chapter 19 Measurement of Electrolytic Conductance .........................................................................................................539
Stacy L. Gelhaus and William R. LaCourse
Chapter 20 Automated Reactions in Continuous Flow Reactors ...........................................................................................559
Frederic G. Buono and Bing-Shiou Yang
Chapter 21 Biosensor Technology .........................................................................................................................................585
Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden, Jacobus Frederick van Staden, and Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
Chapter 22 Instrumentation for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography .......................................................................593
Wes Schafer
Chapter 23 Gas Chromatography ..........................................................................................................................................621
Yuwen Wang, Mochammad Yuwono, and Gunawan Indrayanto
Chapter 24 Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Instrumentation ........................................................................................653
Thomas L. Chester and J. David Pinkston
Chapter 25 Capillary Electrophoresis ....................................................................................................................................707
Theresa K. Natishan
Chapter 26 Gel Permeation and Size Exclusion Chromatography ........................................................................................735
Gregorio R. Meira, Jorge R. Vega, and Mariana M. Yossen
Chapter 27 Field-Flow Fractionation .....................................................................................................................................777
Martin E. Schimpf
Chapter 28 Instrumentation for Countercurrent Chromatography ........................................................................................797
Yoichiro Ito
Chapter 29 HPLC-Hyphenation .............................................................................................................................................875
R. A. Shalliker, M. J. Gray, D. Kocic, and S. Pravadali-Cekic
Chapter 30 Thin Layer Chromatography ...............................................................................................................................921
Łukasz Cieśla, Monika Waksmundzka-Hajnos, and Joseph Sherma
Chapter 31 Validation of Chromatographic Methods ............................................................................................................943
Margaret Wells and Sigita Zibas
Index .........................................................................................................................................................................................963
Preface
The field of analytical chemistry has shown tremendous devel- the science and technology, wherever it is applicable or where
opment in the last 10 years. This prompted us to pursue a new it will facilitate an understanding of the instrumentation.
edition of the Analytical Instrumentation Handbook . The However, the major emphasis is on the instrumentation.
book is intended as a guide for scientists who need a starting The chapters are not simply a “ catalog” of commercially
point in a specific field of analytical instrumentation as well available instruments. Nevertheless, in some cases, commer-
as a basic introduction to the theory of a specific instrumental cially available instruments have been used as examples to
technique. illustrate design features discussed in the text.
Most of the chapters that appeared in the previous edition It is sincerely intended and anticipated that this revised
have been updated with key references to recent literature to and expanded edition of the Analytical Instrumentation
reflect new developments in the field. More applications for Handbook will serve as a ready-reference on the desks of all
each technique have been added, such that the reader will practitioners of instrumental analytical chemistry.
have a larger view on the capability of each. Additional chap-
ters have been added to reflect advances in the technology. Nelu Grinberg, PhD
The chapters have been updated from the standpoint of Sonia Rodriguez, PhD
the instrumentation as it is in use today, with an introductory
description of the technique(s), and a theoretical treatment of
vii

About the Editors
Nelu Grinberg recently retired following a career in currently serves as a consultant for a number of firms in the
research chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry. His pharmaceutical industry.
research in analytical chemistry had an emphasis on chro- Grinberg obtained his PhD in chemistry from the Technical
matography, spectroscopy, and chiral separations. He University of Iasi in Romania. He conducted postdoctoral
was a Distinguished Research Fellow in the Chemical research with Barry Karger at Northeastern University in
Development Department at Boehringer Ingelheim Boston, Massachusetts, and with Emanuel Gil-Av at the
Pharmaceuticals in Ridgefield, Connecticut, until January Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel.
2017. Prior to this, he worked for 16 years in the Analytical
Department at Merck Research Laboratories in Rahway, Sonia Rodriguez studied chemical sciences at the Universitat
New Jersey, where he was a Senior Research Fellow. Autò noma de Barcelona, Spain, where she received her
Grinberg has authored and coauthored more than 150 pub- PhD in organic chemistry in 2000 under the supervision of
lications, including articles and book chapters, and has Pedro de March and Marta Figueredo. After a brief indus-
lectured and conducted courses worldwide. He is currently trial experience at Finnovequim and Deripol, she decided
editor-in-chief of the Journal of Liquid Chromatography to further broaden her synthetic background during a post-
and Related Techniques , editor of the Chromatographic doctoral appointment with Peter Wipf at the University of
Science book series, coeditor of the Advances in Pittsburgh from 2001 to 2003. Subsequently, she joined
Chromatography series, and editor of Supramolecular book the Department of Chemical Development at Boehringer
series. He was the president of Connecticut Separation Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, where she worked in the pro-
Science Council until 2013 and is now a member of the cess research and catalysis groups. In 2017, she joined the
board of that organization. Grinberg was a recipient of the FORMA Therapeutics Process Chemistry group and CMC
Koltoff Fellowship of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem team. Rodriguez has authored and co-authored more than 60
and is on the advisory board of Exemplify Biopharma. He publications and patents.
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