Evolutionary Developmental Biology of the Cerebral Cortex (Novartis Foundation Symposium 228)

284 Pages·2000·15.82 MB·English

by  Novartis Foundation

EVOLUTIONARY
DEVELOPMENTAL
BIOLOGY OF THE
CEREBRAL CORTEX
The Novartis Foundation is an international scientific and educational
charity (UK Registered Charity No. 313574). Known until September 1997
as the Ciba Foundation, it was established in 1947 by the CIBA company
of Basle, which merged with Sandoz in 1996, to form Novartis. The
Foundation operates independently in London under English trust
law. It was formally opened on 22 June 1949.
The Foundation promotes the study and general knowledge of
science and in particular encourages international co-operation in
scientific research. To this end, it organizes internationally
acclaimed meetings (typically eight symposia and allied open
meetings and 15—20 discussion meetings) and publishes eight books
per year featuring the presented papers and discussions from the symposia.
Although primarily an operational rather than a grant-making foundation,
it awards bursaries to young scientists to attend the symposia and
afterwards work with one of the other participants.
The Foundation's headquarters at 41 Portland Place, London W1N 4BN,
provide library facilities, open to graduates in science and allied disciplines.
Media relations are fostered by regular press conferences and by articles
prepared by the Foundation's Science Writer in Residence. The Foundation
offers accommodation and meeting facilities to visiting scientists and
their societies.
Information on all Foundation activities can be found at
http://www.novartisfound.org.uk
Novartis Foundation Symposium 228
EVOLUTIONARY
DEVELOPMENTAL
BIOLOGY OF THE
CEREBRAL CORTEX
2000
JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD
Chichester • New York • Weinheim • Brisbane • Singapore • Toronto
Copyright © Novartis Foundation 2000
Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
Baffins Lane, Chichester,
West Sussex PO19 1UD, England
National 01243 779777
International ([phone]
e-mail (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected]
Visit our Home Page on http://www.wiley.co.uk
or http://www.wiley.com
All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,
90 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1P 9HE, UK, without the permission in writing
of the publisher.
Other Wiley Editorial Offices
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue,
New York, NY 10158-0012, USA
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, Pappelallee 3,
D-69469 Weinheim, Germany
Jacaranda Wiley Ltd, 33 Park Road, Milton,
Queensland 4064, Australia
John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01,
Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809
John Wiley & Sons (Canada) Ltd, 22 Worcester Road,
Rexdale, Ontario M9W 1L1, Canada
Novartis Foundation Symposium 228
ix+271 pages, 48 figures, 1 table
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Evolutionary developmental biology of the cerebral cortex/ [editors, Gregory R. Bock
and Gail Cardew].
p. cm. — (Novartis Foundation symposium ; 228)
Symposium on Evolutionary Developmental Biology of the Cerebral Cortex, held at the
Novartis Foundation, London, 20-22 April 1999.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-471-97978-3 (hbk : alk. paper)
1. Cerebral cortex—Congresses. 2. Brain- Evolution-Congresses. 3. Developmental
neurobiology—Congresses. I. Bock, Gregory. II. Cardew, Gail. III. Novartis Foundation.
IV Symposium on Evolutionary Developmental Biology of the Cerebral Cortex (1999 :
London, England). V Series.
QP383.E95 2000
573.8'6-dc21 00-027101
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 471 97978 3
Typeset in l01/2 on 12/1/2 pt Garamond by DobbieTypesetting Limited, Tavistock, Devon.
Printed and bound in Great Britain by Biddies Ltd, Guildford and King's Lynn.
This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry,
in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production.
Contents
Symposium on Evolutionary developmental biology of the cerebral cortex, held at the Novartis
Foundation, London, 20-22 April 1999
This symposium is based on a proposal made by Zoltan Molnar
Editors: Gregory R. Bock (organizer) and Gail Cardew
L.Wolpert What is evolutionary developmental biology? 1
Discussion 9
K. Herrup Thoughts on the cerebellum as a model for cerebral cortical development
and evolution 15
Discussion 24
P. Rakic Radial unit hypothesis of neocortical expansion 30
Discussion 42
General discussion I 46
E. Boncinelli, A. Mallamaci and L. Muzio Genetic control of regional identity in
the developing vertebrate forebrain 53
Discussion 61
J. L. R. Rubenstein Intrinsic and extrinsic control of cortical development 67
Discussion 75
A. J. Reiner A hypothesis as to the organization of cerebral cortex in the common
amniote ancestor of modern reptiles and mammals 83
Discussion 102
General discussion II 109
I. Bar and A. M. Goffinet Evolution of cortical lamination: the reelin/Dabl
pathway 114
Discussion 125
vi CONTENTS
J. G. Parnavelas, S. A. Anderson, A. A. Lavdas, M. Grigoriou,V. Panchis and
J. L. R. Rubenstein The contribution of the ganglionic eminence to the neuronal
cell types of the cerebral cortex 129
Discussion 139
Z. Molnar Conserved developmental algorithms during thalamocortical circuit
formation in mammals and reptiles 148
Discussion 166
P. Levitt and K. L. Eagleson Regionalization of the cerebral cortex: developmental
mechanisms and models 173
Discussion 181
J. H. Kaas Organizing principles of sensory representations 188
Discussion 198
L. A. Krubitzer How does evolution build a complex brain? 206
Discussion 220
E.Welker Developmental plasticity: to preserve the individual or to create a new
species? 227
Discussion 235
D. Purves, S. M.Williams and R. B. Lotto The relevance of visual perception to
cortical evolution and development 240
Discussion 254
Final discussion 259
Index of contributors 264
Subject index 266
Participants
E. Boncinelli DIBIT, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, Milan,
Italy
F. Bonhoeffer MPI fur Entwicklungsbiologie, Abt. Physikal. Biologie,
Spemannstr. 35/1, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
V. Broccoli (Bursar) TIGEM Institute Dibit HS Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58,
I-20132 Milan, Italy
A. B. Butler Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and Department of
Psychology, George Mason University, MSN 2A1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
S. E. Evans Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
A. M. Goffinet Neurobiology Unit, University of Namur Medical School,
61 rue de Bruxelles, B5000 Namur, Belgium
K. Herrup Department of Neuroscience and University Alzheimer Research
Center of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue,
Cleveland, OH 44120, USA
W. Hodos Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park,
MD 20742-4411, USA
S. Hunt Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Medawar
Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
J. H. Kaas Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 301 Wilson Hall,
Nashville, TN 37240, USA
H. J. Karten (Chair) Department of Neurosciences, University of California at
San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0608, USA
viii PARTICIPANTS
L. A. Krubitzer Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, 1544
Newton Court, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
P. R. Levitt Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, E1440 Biomed Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
A. Lumsden Department of Developmental Neurobiology, King's College
London, Hodgkin House, Guy's Campus, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT,
UK
Z. Molnar* Institut de Biologie Cellulaire et de Morphologie, Universite de
Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
D. D. M. O'Leary Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, The Salk Institute,
10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
N. Papalopulu Wellcome/CRC Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge
CB2 1QR, UK
J. G. Parnavelas Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology,
University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
J. Pettigrew Vision Touch and Hearing Research Centre, University of
Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
L. Puelles Dpto. Ciencias Morfologicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de
Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Espana
D. Purves Department of Neurobiology, Box 3209, Duke University Medical
Center, 101-I Bryan Research Building, Durham, NC 27710, USA
P. Rakic Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT 06510, USA
A. J. Reiner Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine,
University of Tennessee, 855 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
*Current address: Department of Human Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South
Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
PARTICIPANTS ix
J. L. R. Rubenstein Nina Ireland Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology,
Center for Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and
Programs in Neuroscience, Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences,
University of California at San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco,
CA 94143, USA
E.Welker Institut de Biologie Cellulaire et de Morphologie, Universite de
Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
L.Wolpert Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK