Evaluation of agri-environmental policies : selected methodological issues and case studies.

258 Pages·2012·4.239 MB·English

by  OECD

Evaluation of Agri-Environmental Policies
SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES
Evaluation
I. Framework for agri-environmental policy evaluation
of Agri-Environmental
Chapter 1. Design and implementation of agri-environmental policies: Are guidelines feasible?
Chapter 2. Evaluating policies for delivering agri-environmental public goods
Policies
II. Specific evaluation issues and country experiences
Chapter 3. Evidence-based agri-environmental policies: The Swedish experience
SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
Chapter 4. Additionality in US agri-environmental programmes for working land: A preliminary look at new data
AND CASE STUDIES
III. Lessons learnt from evaluations performed
E
v
Chapter 5. Follow-up study of the impacts of agri-environmental measures in Finland a
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ISBN 978-92-64-17932-5 -:HSTCQE=V\^XWZ:
51 2012 11 1 P

Evaluation
of Agri-Environmental
Policies
SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
AND CASE STUDIES
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Please cite this publication as:
OECD (2012), Evaluation of Agri-Environmental Policies: Selected Methodological Issues and Case Studies
OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264179332-en
ISBN 978-92-64-17932-5 (print)(cid:3)
ISBN 978-92-64-17933-2 (PDF)(cid:3)
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3
FOREWORD –
Foreword
Governments are increasingly aware of the importance of monitoring and evaluating agri-
environmental policies. By establishing evidence-based policymaking, management and
accountability, they can improve the design and implementation of their policies. The thirteen
chapters in this volume were presented at the OECD Workshop on “Evaluation of Agri-
Environmental Policies” held in Braunschweig, Germany on 20-22 June 2011. They cover a
broad range of conceptual and practical issues related to evaluating policy measures for
stimulating improvements in the environmental performance of agriculture. The focus is on
policy instruments that target farming practices with the objective of enhancing agriculture’s
provision of public goods or raising environmental performance standards above the
mandatory level specified by legislation
Acknowledgements
Dimitris Diakosavvas organised the Workshop and supervised the preparation of the
Proceedings. The Secretariat would like to thank Alison Burrell for her excellent work as
editor of this volume. The OECD Secretariat is indebted to the German authorities for hosting
a successful Workshop and to all those who provided and presented chapters, acted as
discussants and panellists, and contributed to the general discussions. Françoise Bénicourt,
Michèle Patterson and Theresa Poincet provided assistance in preparing the final publication.
EVALUATION OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES © OECD 2012

5
TABLE OF CONTENTS –
Table of contents
Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Introduction
byAlison Burrell...................................................................................................................................... 9
I. Framework for agri-environmental policy evaluation
Chapter 1. Design and implementation of agri-environmental policies: Are guidelines feasible?
byClunie Keenleyside, Ben Allen, Kaley Hart and David Baldock ........................................... 23
Chapter 2. Evaluating policies for delivering agri-environmental public goods
by Alison Burrell ......................................................................................................................... 49
II. Specific evaluation issues and country experiences
Chapter 3. Evidence-based agri-environmental policies: The Swedish experience
by Sören Höjgård and Ewa Rabinowicz ..................................................................................... 71
Chapter 4. Additionality in US agri-environmental programmes for working land:
A preliminary look at new data
by Roger Claassen ....................................................................................................................... 91
III. Lessons learnt from evaluations performed
Chapter 5. Follow-up study of the impacts of agri-environmental measures in Finland
by Jyrki Aakkula, Mikko Kuussaari, Katri Rankinen, Petri Ekholm, Janne Heliölä,
Terho Hyvönen, Laura Kitti and Tapio Salo ............................................................................. 111
Chapter 6. Evaluation of agri-environmental measures in Flanders, Belgium
by Michael Van Zeebroeck and Dirk Van Gijseghem .............................................................. 129
Chapter 7. Evaluation of cross compliance in England
by Agri-Environment Analysis Theme Group, Farming and Food Group, DEFRA ................. 141
Chapter 8. A policy evaluation of Environmentally Friendly Direct Payment Programme in Korea
by Chang-Gil Kim and James Banfill ....................................................................................... 153
IV. New methodologies and evaluation approaches
Chapter 9. Evaluating agri-environmental schemes using a spatially explicit agent-based
modelling approach
by Marleen Schouten, Nico Polman, Eugène Westerhof and Paul Opdam ............................... 171
Chapter 10. Econometric methods for estimating the additional effects of agri-environmental
schemes on farmers' practices
by Sylvan Chabé-Ferret and Julie Subervie .............................................................................. 185
Chapter 11. Application of the Agri-Environmental Footprint Index to assess agri-environmental
policies in Greece
by Stamatios Christopoulos and George Vlahos ....................................................................... 199
EVALUATION OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES © OECD 2012
6
– TABLE OF CONTENTS
V. Market-based solutions to agri-environmental policy
Chapter 12. Cost effectiveness of CAP greening measures: An ex ante evaluation in Italy
by Andrea Povellato and Davide Longhitano ........................................................................... 217
Chapter 13. Socio-political conditions for successful water quality trading
in the South Nation River Watershed, Canada
by Dennis O'Grady .................................................................................................................... 235
EVALUATION OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES © OECD 2012
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ABBREVIATIONS –
Abbreviations
ADAS Previously the government-run Agricultural Development and Advisory
Service in England and Wales, now a privatised company known as ADAS
AE Agri-environmental
AEM Agri-environmental measure
AES Agri-environmental scheme
AFI Agri-environmental Footprint Index
ARMS Agricultural Resources Management Survey
CAFO Confined animal feeding operation
CAP Common Agricultural Policy
CBA Cost-benefit analysis
CEA Cost-effectiveness analysis
CHP Combined heat and power
CMEF Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework
Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
(England and Wales)
EF (farming) Environmentally friendly (farming)
EFDPP Environmentally Friendly Direct Payment Programme (Korea)
FADN Farm Accountancy Data Network
FAS Farm Advisory Service
GAEC Good agricultural and economic condition
GIS Geographical information system
GWh Gigawatt hour
Ktoe Kiloton of oil equivalent
LU Livestock unit
MC(D)A Multi-criterion (decision) analysis
MS Member State (of the European Union)
MWh Megawatt hour
NHP National handicap payments
NUTS Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics
NVZ Nitrate Vulnerable Zone
EVALUATION OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES © OECD 2012
8
– ABBREVIATIONS
QAS Quality assurance scheme
RDP Rural Development Programme
RPA Rural Payments Agency (England and Wales)
SMR Statutory management requirement (with an EU Directive as its legal basis)
SPS Single Payment Scheme (direct decoupled payment scheme under the EU’s
CAP)
UAA Utilised Agricultural Area
USDA US Department of Agriculture
EVALUATION OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: SELECTED METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES © OECD 2012