Euthanasia PDF
Preview Euthanasia
Medicolegal Library 2 Edited by A. Carmi Euthanasia Edited by A. Carmi With Contributions by R. Adams N. Berant L. A. Calaluca A. Carmi H. H. Cohn E. Deutsch A. Drees D. Ehrlich C. F. Hadding D. Heyd H. L. Hirsh U. Lowental E.McClatchey A.C.Myburgh U.Qvamstrom R. Reiss Y. Shapira R. Sharon K. A. Stem S. A. Strauss Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo 1984 Judge Amnon Carmi P.O.B.6451 Haifa 31063, Israel ISBN-13:978-3-540-13251-6 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-82239-1 DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-82239-1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Main entry under title: Euthanasia. (Medicolegal Library; 2) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Euthanasia-Psychological aspects-Addresses, essays, lectures. 2. Euthanasia Social aspects-Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Carmi, Amnon. II. Adams R (Rebecca) III. Series. [DNLM: 1. Euthanasia. W50 E885] R726.E777 1984 174'.24 84-3099 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use a fee is payable to 'Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort', Munich. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1984 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in the publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product Liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof containing in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. 2119/3140-543210 Introduction The Medicolegal Library is the first and only series of its kind. Its importance is self-evident. During the last decade, science, especial ly medical practice, has become an increasingly complex under taking. Recent dramatic developments in medicine have given rise to both theoretical controversies and practical dilemmas. Society is struggling with new scientific, economic, cultural, and legal issues. The establishment of a series such as this appears vital for lawyers and physicians, for sociologists and psychologists, and for the pub lic at large. The editorial board of the Medicolegal Library consists of dis tinguished scientists from many different countries and disciplines. Judge Amnon Carmi acts as principal series editor. Judge Carmi is the author of many books and articles on medical law, and is Editor in-Chief of Medicine and Law: An International Journal. The Medicolegal Library will issue two books each year. The first four books, soon to be published, will deal with child abuse, euthanasia, disability, and nursing, laws and ethics. It is the wish and intention of Springer-Verlag that the Medicole gal Library play an important role throughout the world in the study and understanding of the field of medicine and law, for the benefit of both professions and of mankind at large. Contents I. Introduction Live Like a King: Die Like a King A.Carmi . ............. . 3 II. The Duty to Live and the Right to Die On the Dichotomy of Divinity and Humanity in Jewish Law H. H. Cohn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 31 III. Law, Culture, and Euthanasia Euthanasia Among Indigenous African Peoples A. C. Myburgh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Euthanasia: A South African View S.A.Strauss . ........ . 83 Euthanasia: A German View E. Deutsch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91 IV. The Doctor and Euthanasia Informing the Individual of Impending Death R.Adams, N. Berant, and R. Sharon. . . . . . . 97 Some Aspects of Euthanasia from the Point of View of a Family Doctor E.McClatchey ......................... 103 Euthanasia and the Family Doctor D.Ehrlich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 110 Psychological Stress in Doctors Dealing with Patients Dying of Leukemia A.Drees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 114 VIII Contents The Decision-Making Process in Geriatric Surgery R.Reiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 122 V. The Patient and Euthanasia Patients' Reactions to Impending Death U. Qvarnstrom ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 137 VI. Active and Passive Euthanasia Prevent or Aid Suicide? C.F.Hadding . .... . . . . .. 151 Active and Passive Euthanasia: Medical andLegal Considerations L.A. Calaluca and H. L. Hirsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 155 VII. Epilogue: The Serene Voyage to Death The Meaning of Life and the Right to Voluntary Euthanasia D.Heyd . ............................. 169 Quality of Life, Human Suffering, and Euthanasia K.A.Stern . ..................... . 175 Euthanasia: A Serene Voyage to Death U. Lowental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Subject Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 185 List of Contributors Prof. R. Adams Dept. of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 63474, Israel Dr. N. Berant Dept. of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 63474, Israel L. A Calaluca 2801 New Mexico Avenue, Washington DC 20006, USA Judge A Carmi P. o. B. 6451, Haifa 31063, Israel Judge H. H. Cohn 36 Tchemichowsky Street, Jerusalem 92-585, Israel Prof. E. Deutsch Juristisches Seminar der Universitat Gottingen, Nikolausberger Weg 9a, 3400 Gottingen, FRG Dr. A Drees Psychosomatische Klinik 1,8740 Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale, FRG Dr. D. Ehrlich 12 Kedushat Yom-Tov, Kiryat Yismach Moshe, Israel Judge C. F. Hadding Masungevagen 5, 13150 Saltsjo-Duvnas, Sweden Dr. D.Heyd Department of Philosophy, The Hebrew University, The Faculty of Humanities, Jerusalem 92-585, Israel Dr. H. L. Hirsh 2801 New Mexico Avenue, Washington, DC 20067, USA X List of Contributors Dr. U. Lowental Eshkol Boulevard 22, Apt. 3, Jerusalem 92-585, Israel Dr. E. McClatchey 40 Green Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland Prof. A. C. Myburgh McClatchey Institute of Foreign and Comparative Law, University of South Africa, P. O. B. 392, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Prof. U. Qvarnstr6m Bergen University, Hans Tangsgt. 11, 5000 Bergen, Norway Prof. R. Reiss Israel Surgical Society, Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv 63474, Israel Rabbi Y. Shapira 10 Avraham Shapira Street, Netanya 42317, Israel R.Sharon Dept. of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 63474, Israel Prof. Dr. K. A. Stern Department of Life Sciences, Bar-Han University, Ramat-Gan, Israel Prof. S. A. Strauss Faculty of Law, P. O. Box 392, Cor. Skinner and V. D. Walt Street, Pretoria 0001, South Africa I. Introduction Live Like a King : Die Like a King A. Carmi 1 Dying 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 The Bitter End And David lamented with this lamentation over Saul, and over Jonathan his son ... : The beauty of Israel is slain upon thy high places, how are the mighty fallen ... Saul and Jonathan were lovely and pleasant in their lives, and in their death they were not divided. They were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions ... How are the mighty fallen, and the weapons of war perished (II Sam. 1: 17, 19, 23). The Philistines were preparing themselves for the last deathblow. They still remem bered their shameful defeat at the hands of Saul. They hoped to exploit the quarrel between Saul and David to reestablish their domination of the Israelites. When the Philistines mustered their forces in the valley of Jezreel, Saul marched out with his army to meet them, and camped near En-Harod at the foot of Mount Gilboa. Saul bravely led the Israelites to meet the Philistines, but in the ensuing engagement the Philistines clearly had the upper hand right from the start and the Israelites broke into flight, leaving many dead behind them on Mount Gilboa. The Philistines were able to apply their own fighting technique in the plateau of the valley of Jezreel, tak ing advantage of their heavy spears and armor. When the Philistines overcame their enemy in the valley, the Israelites tried to escape uphill; however, the Philistines caught up with the Israelites and surrounded them.1 Most of the Israelites were killed, including the sons of Saul: Jonathan, Avinadav, and Malkishuah. Saul fled up the mountain with a group of warriors, but they were soon attacked by the horse men and bowmen, who brought the war to its bitter end. 1.1.2 Two Accounts Two accounts are given of the death of Saul. In the first he is hard pressed in battle and commits suicide. In the other, an Amalekite finds him suffering from extreme 1 Liwar, 1964, p 142
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