Europeanizing Civil Society: How the EU Shapes Civil Society Organizations PDF
Preview Europeanizing Civil Society: How the EU Shapes Civil Society Organizations
PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanPoliticalSociology Editedby CarloRuzza,DepartmentofSociology,UniversityofLeicester,UK Hans-JörgTrenz,UniversityofCopenhagen,Denmark MauroBarisione,UniversityofMilan,Italy NeilFligstein,UniversityofCalifornia,US VirginieGuiraudon,NationalCentreforScientificResearch(CNRS),France DietmarLoch,UniversityofGrenoble,France Chris Rumford, Department of Politics and International Relations, Royal Hol- loway,UniversityofLondon,UK MaartenP.Vink,UniversityofMaastricht,TheNetherlands Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology addresses contemporary themes in the field of Political Sociology. Over recent years, attention has turned increasingly to processes of Europeanization and globalization and the social and political spaces that are opened by them. These processes comprise both institutional-constitutional change and new dynamics of social transnational- ism.Europeanizationandglobalizationarealsoaboutchangingpowerrelations astheyaffectpeople’slives,socialnetworksandformsofmobility. The Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology series addresses linkages betweenregulation,institutionbuildingandthefullrangeofsocietalrepercus- sions at local, regional, national, European and global level, and will sharpen understanding of changing patterns of attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups, the political use of new rights and opportunities by citizens, new conflict linesandcoalitions,societal interactionsandnetworking,andshifting loyaltiesandsolidaritywithinandacrosstheEuropeanspace.Wewelcomepro- posalsfromacrossthespectrumofPoliticalSociologyincludingondimensions ofcitizenship;politicalattitudesandvalues;politicalcommunicationandpub- licspheres;states,communities,governancestructureandpoliticalinstitutions; formsofpoliticalparticipation;populismandtheradicalright;anddemocracy anddemocratization. Titlesinclude: LuisBouzaGarcia PARTICIPATORYDEMOCRACYANDCIVILSOCIETYINTHEEU Agenda-SettingandInstitutionalisation1997–2012 MatthiasKortmannandKerstinRosenow-Williams ISLAMICORGANIZATIONSINEUROPEANDTHEUSA AMultidisciplinaryPerspective AndreasMüller GOVERNINGMOBILITYBEYONDTHESTATE Centre,PeripheryandtheEU’sExternalBorders ApostolisPapakostas CIVILIZINGTHEPUBLICSPHERE Distrust,TrustandCorruption ArmandoSalvatore,OliverSchmidtkeandHans-JörgTrenz(editors) RETHINKINGTHEPUBLICSPHERETHROUGH TRANSNATIONALIZINGPROCESSES EuropeandBeyond RosaSanchezSalgado EUROPEANIZINGCIVILSOCIETY HowtheEUShapesCivilSocietyOrganizations PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanPoliticalSociology SeriesStandingOrderISBN978–1–137–28230–9(Hardback) 978–1–137–28231–6 (outsideNorthAmericaonly) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to usattheaddressbelowwithyournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesand theISBNsquotedabove. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XS,England Europeanizing Civil Society How the EU Shapes Civil Society Organizations Rosa Sanchez Salgado UniversityofAmsterdam,TheNetherlands ©RosaSanchezSalgado2014 Softcover repront of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-35540-9 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedherrighttobeidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2014by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-47012-9 ISBN 978-1-137-35541-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137355416 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. In loving memory of my father This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofTables,FiguresandBoxes xii Acknowledgments xiv ListofAbbreviations xv Introduction 1 1 ThedevelopmentofresearchonEuropeanCSOs: Fragmentaryandunbalanced 3 2 TheEU’sroleinchangingdomesticCSOs: Asociologicallyinformedanalysis 7 3 Asociologicalcomparativeapproach 9 4 Outlineofthebook:EuropeanizationofCSOsasa EU-drivenprocess 11 1 TheEuropeanizationofCSOs—InstitutionalImpactor StrategicAction? 14 1 Europeanizationstudies,includinga sociologicaldimension? 14 1.1 Towardasociologicallyinformedconceptof Europeanization? 15 1.2 Astimulatingdisagreementonthemostrelevant explanatoryfactors 16 1.3 Anunfortunatedissociationoflevelsofanalysis 18 1.4 BridgingdividesinEuropeanizationstudies betweeninstitutionalanalysisanda micro-sociologyoftheEU 19 2 Combiningapproaches:Thechallengeofthe researchdesign 21 2.1 AnalyzingEUimpact:Combiningtop-downand bottom-upperspectives 21 2.2 TheEuropeanizationofCSOsandthe temporaldimension 25 3 Asociologicalcomparativeapproach 28 3.1 DiversityintheunderstandingofCSOs 28 vii viii Contents 3.2 Justificationoftheselectionofcountries,policy areasandCSOsunderanalysis 30 3.3 Ananalysisbasedonadiversityofdatacollection 36 Part I DomesticCivilSocietyunderEUPressures 2 DomesticCivilSociety:NationalorEuropean? 41 1 TheusagesofEuropeanfunds:Abottom-upperspective 41 1.1 StrategiesforEuropeanizationandmainquestions 42 1.2 Methodologicalconsiderations 43 1.3 Nationallegalframeworks:Anexclusivenational pressure 45 2 TheexternalizationofCSOs:Followingthemoney 47 2.1 HumanitarianCSOs:Themostfancied 47 2.2 EUfundsanddevelopmentandinternational humanrightsCSOs:Afairdeal 50 2.3 EUfundsfordomesticallyorientedCSOs:The nationalfilter 52 2.4 TheEuropeanizationofconsultationanddirect presenceinBrussels:Anelitesystem? 56 3 Europeanizationonthecheap:Transnationalization andinternalization 59 3.1 NationalCSOsinEuropeanpeakassociations: Presentbutnotnecessarilyactive 60 3.2 TheInternalizationofEurope 63 4 CSOs’varyingdegreesofEuropeanization 64 3 AEuropeanPolicyforCSOs?ExploringEuropean PoliticalOpportunities 69 1 TheabsenceofEUlegalconstraints 69 1.1 EUtreaties:Anexpostfactorecognitionof civilsociety 70 1.2 Asinglemarketfornon-profitorganizations? 71 2 Fundingopportunities:Regulatingactivitiesthrough spendingpower? 72 2.1 TheriseanddeclineofEUfundingopportunities 73 2.2 EuropeanfundingopportunitiesandEUmember states 79 3 Accessopportunities:Frominstrumentalpragmatismto democraticopportunism? 83 3.1 Regulatinganincreasinglyoverloadedinterest groupsystem 83 Contents ix 3.2 AccessopportunitiesattheCommission:From pragmatismtohighexpectations 85 3.3 Promotingparticipationandconsultationbeyond theEuropeanCommission 88 3.4 Agreatdiversityofnationalaccessopportunities 90 4 EuropeanOpportunities:InstitutionalFactorsand CreativeUsages 94 1 CSOs’useofEUopportunities:Transformingthe Europeancivilsocietylandscape? 94 1.1 Domesticfundingopportunities:Theprevalenceof compensationstrategies 96 1.2 Accessanddomesticopportunities 99 1.3 CSOs’lackofinternalcapacity:Thepositive persistencehypothesisreversed 102 2 TheusagesbyEurope:EU-drivenshapingofCSOs 103 2.1 Shapingaccessthroughthecreationofpeak associations 104 2.2 HowtheEUhaspromotedtheusagesofEUfunding opportunities 108 2.3 TheCommission’slimitsinshapingpowers 110 3 TheusagesofEurope:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway 112 3.1 TheshapingofEUfundingopportunitiesbyCSOs 112 3.2 TheshapingofaccessopportunitiesbyCSOs: Creatingnewrights? 113 3.3 CSOs’bottom-upusagesofEUopportunities 115 Part II EuropeanizingCSOsthroughEuropean Opportunities 5 EUFundingofCSOs:FromNewPublictoNew CivicManagement 123 1 EUfundingandthegrowthofCSOs 124 1.1 EUfundinginthe1980sand1990s:Boosting immoderategrowth? 124 1.2 AmoderateuseofEUfunding 130 2 TheEUroleinthepromotionofNewPublic ManagementamongCSOs 133 2.1 FromflexibilitytoNewPublicManagement 133 2.2 NPMtechniquesandCSOsreceptiveness:Toward convergenceinEurope? 136 2.3 Awidelypromotedlearningprocess 138
The list of books you might like
