European Territorial Cooperation PDF
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The Urban Book Series Eduardo Medeiros E ditor European Territorial Cooperation Theoretical and Empirical Approaches to the Process and Impacts of Cross-Border and Transnational Cooperation in Europe The Urban Book Series Series Advisory Editors Fatemeh Farnaz Arefian, University College London, London, UK Michael Batty, University College London, London, UK Simin Davoudi, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK Geoffrey DeVerteuil, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Karl Kropf, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK Marco Maretto, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Vítor Oliveira, Porto University, Porto, Portugal Christopher Silver, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA Giuseppe Strappa, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Igor Vojnovic, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA Jeremy Whitehand, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Aims and Scope The Urban Book Series is a resource for urban studies and geography research worldwide.Itprovidesauniqueandinnovativeresourceforthelatestdevelopments in the field, nurturing a comprehensive and encompassing publication venue for urban studies, urban geography, planning and regional development. The series publishes peer-reviewed volumes related to urbanization, sustain- ability,urbanenvironments,sustainableurbanism,governance,globalization,urban and sustainable development, spatial and area studies, urban management, urban infrastructure, urban dynamics, green cities and urban landscapes. It also invites research which documents urbanization processes and urban dynamics on a national, regional and local level, welcoming case studies, as well as comparative and applied research. The series will appeal to urbanists, geographers, planners, engineers, architects, policy makers, and to all of those interested in a wide-ranging overview of con- temporaryurbanstudiesandinnovationsinthefield.Itacceptsmonographs,edited volumes and textbooks. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14773 Eduardo Medeiros Editor European Territorial Cooperation Theoretical and Empirical Approaches to the Process and Impacts of Cross-Border and Transnational Cooperation in Europe 123 Editor Eduardo Medeiros CentrodeEstudosGeográficos(CEG)-IGOT LisbonUniversity Lisbon Portugal ISSN 2365-757X ISSN 2365-7588 (electronic) TheUrban Book Series ISBN978-3-319-74886-3 ISBN978-3-319-74887-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74887-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017964592 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG,partofSpringerNature2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinor for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerInternationalPublishingAG partofSpringerNature Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Foreword European Territorial Cooperation, also known as INTERREG, became one of the main goals of EU Cohesion Policy in 2007, following the successful implemen- tation of the INTERREG Community initiative (1990–2006). As such, the European Commission values all sorts of studies and analyses which focus on assessing the implementation of INTERREG programmes, in all three strands: cross-border (INTERREG A), transnational (INTERREG B) and interregional (INTERREG C). In this light, this book presents an updated and holistic perspective and panor- ama of the implementation of Territorial Cooperation processes in Europe since INTERREG was launched. In more detail, this book presents a complementary approach of both theoretical and practical viewpoints on how European Territorial Cooperation has contributed to promoting European territorial integration in the past three decades. Indeed, as stated in the recent Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament entitled “Boosting growth and cohesion in EU border regions,” the “European integration process has helped internal border regions to transform from mainly peripheral areas into areas of growth and opportunities.”Despitethesepositiveadvances,theCommunicationrecognisesthat “borderregionsgenerallyperformlesswelleconomicallythanotherregionswithin a Member State.” Alongside, a recent (2015–2016) DG REGIO online public consultation on “overcomingobstaclesinborderregions”hasrevealedawidenumberofpersisting borderbarriersaffectingbothbusinessandindividuals,withparticularrelevanceto administrative/legal, language and physical/accessibility types of obstacles. These results point to the need to intensify concrete actions to reducing border obstacles across the EU territory in order to ease citizen’s daily lives. By the same measure, the Commission realises the need to make further efforts to identify the main impacts of the ongoing and future INTERREG programmes, hence the need for supporting updated studies on the European Territorial Cooperationprocess,liketheonesprovidedbythisbook.Inparticularwevaluethe inclusion of cross-cutting territorial cooperation themes such as: cross-border vii viii Foreword planning, cross-border territorial impacts, border barriers, cross-border entities, transnationalcooperationandtheundeniableadded-valueofEuropeancross-border cooperation. Ana-Paula Laissy Head of Unit Nathalie Verschelde Deputy Head of Unit, Unit D.2—Interreg Cross-Border Cooperation, Internal Borders DG REGIO, European Commission Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Eduardo Medeiros Part I Lessons from 30 Years of EU Territorial Cooperation 2 The INTERREG Experience in Bridging European Territories. A 30-Year Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Bernard Reitel, Birte Wassenberg and Jean Peyrony 3 The Added Value of European Territorial Cooperation. Drawing from Case Studies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Martin Guillermo-Ramirez 4 Twenty Years of Territorial Cooperation in Inner Scandinavia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Erik Hagen and Bjørn Terje Andersen 5 The Role of European Territorial Cooperation (ETC) in EU Cohesion Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Eduardo Medeiros Part II Cross-Border Cooperation in the EU. A Success Story? 6 Border Regions and Cross-Border Cooperation in Europe. A Theoretical and Historical Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Thomas Lundén 7 Limits to Integration: Persisting Border Obstacles in the EU. . . . . 115 Sara Svensson and Péter Balogh 8 The Role and Rise of European Cross-Border Entities. . . . . . . . . . 135 Emily Lange and Iva Pires ix x Contents Part III Transnational Cooperation. A Cornerstone of European Spatial Planning? 9 The Rise of Macro-Regions in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Franziska Sielker and Daniel Rauhut 10 The Transnational Strand of INTERREG: Shifting Paradigm in INTERREG North-WestEurope (NWE): FromSpatialPlanning Cooperation to Thematic Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Rudolf (Ruut) Louwers Part IV Future Scenarios for European Territorial Cooperation 11 Taking Stock of the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC): From Policy Formulation to Policy Implementation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Estelle Evrard and Alice Engl 12 Establishing Cross-Border Spatial Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Frédéric Durand and Antoine Decoville 13 Focusing on Cross-Border Territorial Impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Eduardo Medeiros Index .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 267
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