ISSN 1351-0754 CODEN ESOSES European Journal of Soil Science INCORPORATING JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE, PEDOLOGIE AND SCIENCE DU SOL VOLUME 48 1997 Edited by R. Webster Rothamsted Experimental Station Harpenden Herts AL5 2JQ UK Published by Blackwell Science and the British Society of Soil Science on behalf of National Societies of Soil Science in Europe Published by Blackwell Science Editorial Offices: Blackwell Science Ltd 23 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh EH3 6AJ, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 25 John Street, London WCIN 2BL, UK Blackwell Science Ltd Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL, UK Blackwell Science Pty Ltd 54 University Street, (PO Box 378), Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia Blackwell Wissenschafts Verlag GmbH Kurfiirstendamm 57, D-10707 Berlin, Germany Blackwell Science KK MG Kodenmacho Building, 7-10 Kodenmacho Nihombashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan Blackwell Science Inc Commerce Place, 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5018, USA Copyright. © 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd. Authorization to photocopy for internal use or the internal or personal use of specific clients is granted by Blackwell Science Ltd for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the base fee of $14.00 per copy is paid directly to the CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works or for resale. Special requests should be addressed to the Editor, 1351-0754/97 $14.00. Copyright of all articles published in the journal is held by Blackwell Science Ltd on behalf of the British Society of Soil Science ISSN 1351-0754 The Blackwell Science logo is a trade mark of Blackwell Science Ltd registered at the United Kingdom Trade Marks Registry Printed in Great Britain by Information Press, Eynsham, Oxford Contents Number 1 March L. J. A.M UNRO, E. C. PENNING-ROWSELL, H. R. BARNES, M. H. FORDHAM & D. JARRETT. Infant mortality and soil type: a case study in south-central England (with discussion) 1 M. VOLTZ, P. LAGACHERIE & X. LOUCHART. Predicting soil properties over a region using sample information from a mapped reference area 19 S. PRESTON, B. S. GRIFFITHS & I. M. YOUNG. An investigation into sources of soil crack heterogeneity using fractal geometry 31 Y. LE BISSONNAIS & D. ARROUAYS. Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: II. Application to humic loamy soils with various organic carbon contents 39 S. CHARPENTIER & G. BOURRIE. Deformation of saturated clays under mechanical and osmotic stress and its relation with the arrangement of the clays 49 J. M. KIRBY, B. G.B LUNDEN & C. R. TREIN. Simulating soil deformation using a critical state model: II. Soil compaction beneath tyres and tracks 59 J. M. KIRBY & M. F. O’SULLIVAN. Critical state soil mechanics analysis of the constant cell volume triaxial test 71 M. A. WILSON & W. D. HOFF. The absorption of water into a porous solid consisting of two dissimilar layers 79 R. STRAUSS, G. W. BRUMMER & N. J. BARROW. Effects of crystallinity of goethite I. Preparation and properties of goethites of differing crystallinity 87 R. STRAUSS, G. W.B RUMMER & N. J. BARROW. Effects of crystallinity of goethite II. Rates of sorption and desorption of phosphate 101 D. G. LUMSDON & V. C. FARMER. Solubility of a proto-imogolite sol in oxalate solutions 115 Y. V. KUZYAKOV. The role of amino acids and nucleic bases in turnover of nitrogen and carbon in soil humic fractions 121 J. W. BIRKETT, M. N. JONES, N. D. BRYAN & F. R. LIVENS. Computer modelling of partial specific volumes of humic substances 131 J. A. CARREIRA & K. LAJTHA. Factors affecting phosphate sorption along a Mediterranean, dolmitic soil and vegetation chronosequence 139 P. R. WITTBRODT & C. D. PALMER. Reduction of Cr(VI) by soil humic acids 151 G. MATSCHONAT & R. VOGT. Effects of changes in pH, ionic strength, and sulphate concentration on the CEC of temperate acid forest soils 163 SOFTWARE REVIEW 173 BOOK REVIEWS 177 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 185 Number 2 June C. KELLER. Some microscopic mineral particles of biological origin in soil solutions 193 R. BOUZIGUES, O. RIBOLZI, J. C. FAVROT & V. VALLES. Carbonate redistribution and hydrogeochemical processes in two calcareous soils with groundwater in a Mediterranean environment 201 M. LAMOTTE, A. BRUAND, F. X. HUMBEL, A. J. HERBILLON & M. RIEU. A hard sandy- loam soil from semi-arid Northern Cameroon. I. Fabric of the groundmass 213 M. LAMOTTE, A. BRUAND, D. OHNENSTETTER, P. ILDEFONSE & G. PEDRO. A hard sandy- loam soil from semi-arid Northern Cameroon. II. Geochemistry and mineralogy of the bonding agent 227 © 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd. iv Volume contents E. KOUAKOUA, G.-H. SALA, B. BARTHES, M.-C. LARRE-LARROUY, A. ALBRECHT & C. FELLER. La matiére organique soluble 4 l'eau chaude et la stabilité de l’agrégation. Aspects méthodologiques et application a des sols ferrallitiques du Congo 239 G. CORTI, A. AGNELLI & F. C. UGOLINI. Release of Al by hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite and hydroxy-interlayered smectite during determination of cation exchange capacity in fine earth and rock fragments fractions 249 \. SCHNEIDER. Release and fixation of potassium by a loamy soil as affected by initial water content and potassium status of soil samples 263 M. H. GERZABEK, F. PICHLMAYER, H. KIRCHMANN & G. HABERHAUER. The response of soil organic matter to manure amendments in a long-term experiment at Ultuna, Sweden 273 C. AITA, S. RECOUS & D. A. ANGERS. Short-term kinetics of residual wheat straw C and N under field conditions: characterization by '°C'°N tracing and soil particle size fractionation <268.3 D. A. ANGERS, S. RECOUS & C. AITA. Fate of carbon and nitrogen in water-stable aggregates during decomposition of '*C'°N-labelled wheat straw in situ 295 K. KAISER, G. GUGGENBERGER, L. HAUMAIER & W. ZECH. Dissolved organic matter sorption on subsoils and minerals studied by '*C-NMR and DRIFT spectroscopy 301 L. J. SANGER, J. M. ANDERSON, D. LITTLE & T. BOLGER. Phenolic and carbohydrate signatures of organic matter in soils developed under grass and forest plantations following changes in land use 311 M. W. I. SCHMIDT, H. KNICKER, P. G.H ATCHER & I. KOGEL-KNABNER. Improvement of '5C and '"N CPMAS NMR spectra of bulk soils, particle size fractions and organic material by treatment with 10% hydrofluoric acid 319 D. TSCHERKO & E. KANDELER. Ecotoxicological effects of fluorine deposits on microbial biomass and enzyme activity in grassland 329 M. McBRIDE, S. SAUVE & W. HENDERSHOT. Solubility control of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in 227 contaminated soils 33 G. C. L. WYSEURE, M. A. MOJID & M. A. MALIK. Measurement of volumetric water content by TDR in saline soils 347 BOOK REVIEWS 355 REFEREES FOR THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE, 1996 359 Number 3 September EDITORIAL 363 H. J. VOGEL. Morphological determination of pore connectivity as a function of pore size using serial sections 365 J. BOTTCHER. Use of scaling to quantify variability of heavy metal sorption isotherms 379 M. C. GONCALVES, L. S. PEREIRA & F. J. LEW. Pedo-transfer functions for estimating unsaturated hydraulic properties of Portuguese soils 387 I. VOGELER, D. R. SCOTTER, B. E. CLOTHIER & R. W. TILLMAN. Cation transport during unsaturated flow through two intact soils 401 P. BLASER, P. KERNEBEEK, L. TEBBENS, N. VAN BREEMEN & J. LUSTER. Cryptopodzolic Soils in Switzerland 411 R. R. R.C OELHO, D. R.S ACRAMENTO & L. F. LINHARES. Amino sugars in fungal melanins and soil humic acids 425 H. KNICKER, H.-D. LUDEMANN & K. HAIDER. Incorporation studies of NH,* during incubation of organic residues by '"N-CPMAS-NMR-spectroscopy 431 B. RABER & |. KOGEL-KNABNER. Influence of origin and properties of dissolved organic matter on the partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 443 © 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd Volume contents v P. CAPRIEL. Hydrophobicity of organic matter in arable soils: influence of management 457 R. P. T. JANSSEN, M. G. M.B RUGGENWERT & W. H. VAN RIEMSDIK. Interactions between citrate and montmorillonite-Al hydroxide polymer systems 463 J. S. GEELHOED, G. R. FINDENEGG & W. H. VAN RIEMSDIUK. Availability to plants of phosphate adsorbed on goethite: experiment and simulation 473 E. KARLTUN. Modelling SO,?- surface complexation on variable charge minerals. I. H™ and SO,?- exchange under different solution conditions 483 H. HARTIKAINEN & A. SIMOJOKI. Changes in solid- and solution-phase phosphorus in soil on acidification 493 A. SCHNEIDER. Short-term release and fixation of K in calcareous clay soils. Consequence for K buffer power prediction 499 A. SCHNEIDER. Influence of soil solution Ca concentration on short-term K release and fixation of a loamy soil 513 S. P. FRIEDMAN. Agrochemical controlled-release and transport in the soil profile: I. Model formulation and sensitivity analysis for bare soil under field conditions 523 R. M. POCH & H. VERPLANCKE. Penetration resistance of gypsiferous horizons 535 G. MATSCHONAT & R. VOGT. Assessment of a laboratory method to obtain the equilibrium solution composition of forest soils 545 N. CLARKE, X. GUAN & G. R. GOBRAN. A modified method for the determination of quickly reacting aluminium 553 R. WEBSTER. Regression and functional relations 557 BOOK REVIEWS 567 Number 4 December K. A. SMITH. Editorial 571 M. A. OLIVER. Soil and human health: a review 573 B. C. BALL, D. J. CAMPBELL, J. T.D OUGLAS, J. K. HENSHALL & M. F. O’SULLIVAN. Soil structural quality, compaction and land management 593 A. G. BENGOUGH, C. E. MULLINS & G. WILSON. Estimating soil frictional resistance to metal probes and its relevance to the penetration of soil by roots 603 G. J. D. KIRK & J. L. SOLIVAS. On the extent to which root properties and transport through the soil limit nitrogen uptake by lowland rice 613 D. W. HOPKINS, J. A. CHUDEK, E. A. WEBSTER & D. BARRACLOUGH. Following the decomposition of ryegrass labelled with °C and '°N in soil by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 623 N. R. A. BIRD & A. R. DEXTER. Simulation of soil water retention using random fractal networks 633 J. W. CRAWFORD, S. VERRALL & I. M. YOUNG. The origin and loss of fractal scaling in simulated soil aggregates 643 B. SINGH & K. W. T.G OULDING. Changes with time in the potassium content and phyllosilicates in the soil of the Broadbalk continuous wheat experiment at Rothamsted 651 A. BRAITHWAITE, F. R. LIVENS, S. RICHARDSON, M. T. HOWE & K. W. T. GOULDING. Kinetically controlled release of uranium from soils 661 C. DUMAT, M. V. CHESHIRE, A. R. FRASER, C. A. SHAND & S. STAUNTON. The effect of removal of soil organic matter and iron on the adsorption of radiocaesium 675 E. M. LOGAN, I. D. PULFORD, G. T. COOK & A. B. MACKENZIE. Complexation of Cu* and Pb2* by peat and humic acid 685 D. L. JONES. Trivalent metal (Cr, Y, Rh, La, Pr, Gd) sorption in two acid soils and its consequences for bioremediation 697 © 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd. vi Volume contents P. J.C HAPMAN, A. C. EDWARDS & C. A. SHAND. The phosphorus composition of soil solutions and soil leachates: Influence of soil:solution ratio 703 M. AL-SIBAI, M. A. ADEY & D. A. ROSE. Movement of solute through a porous medium under intermittent leaching 711 O. DANIEL, A. KRETZSCHMAR, Y. CAPOWIEZ, L. KOHLI & J. ZEYER. Computer-assisted tomography of miacroporosity and its application to study the activity of the earthworm 4porrectodea nocturna 797 B. A. ADAMS & D. WULFSOHN. Variation of the critical-state boundaries of an agricultural soil 739 S. S.R OUSSEVA. Data transformations between soil texture schemes 749 AUTHOR INDEX 759 SUBJECT INDEX 763 © 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd