European Imperialism: 1830 to 1930 (Problems in European Civilization Series)

256 Pages·1998·25.643 MB·English

by  Alice L. Conklin, Ian Christopher Fletcher

Problems in European Civilization
European
Imperialism
1830-1930
Alice L. Conklin
Ian Christopher Fletcher
PROBLEMS IN EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION
New editions now axailablc, in chronological order:
European Imperialism, 1830-1930, Alice L. Conklin and Ian Christo-
pher Fletcher 1999, 90385-8)
(
The Place ofthe Frei^ch Revolutioir in History Mar\in R. Cox (1998,
81531-2)
The Legacy of the Great War: Peacemaking 1919, William R. Ke\lor
(1998,41711-4)
.
Atheirian Democracy and Imperialism, Loren Sanions 1998, 81 551-
}. (
7)
The Stalin Revolution, Robert V. Daniels (Fourth edition, 1997,
41693-2).
The Outbreak ofWorld War 1, Holger H. Herwig (Sixth edition, 1997,
41692-4)
The Nazi Revolution, Allan Mitchell (Fourth edition, 1997, 41694-0)
The Holocaust, Donald L. Niewyk (Second edition, 1997, 41700-9)
The National Idea in Eastern Europe, Gerasimos Augustinos (1996,
39626-5)
Soviet Communism from Reform to Collapse, Robert V. Daniels (1995,
33144-9)
Alexander the Great, Joseph Roisman (1995, 34501-6)
British Appeasement and the Origins ofWorld War II, R. Q. Adams
J.
(1994,33502-9)
Otto von Bismarck and Imperial Germany, Theodore S. Hamerovv
(Third edition, 1994, 29444-6)
World War II: Roots and Causes, Keith Eubank (Second edition, 1992,
24969-6)
The End of the Roman Empire, Donald Kagan (Third edition, 1992,
21520-1)
Peter the Great Transforms Russia, James Cracraft (Third edition,
1991,21674-7)
The Russian and Bolshevik Victory, Ronald Sun\- and Arthur Adams
(Third edition, 1990,20877-9)
European Imperialism,
1830-1930
PROBLEMS EUROPEAN
IN
CIVILIZATION SERIES
European
Imperialism,
1850-1930
CLIMAX AND
CONTRADICTION
Edited and with an
introduction by
Alice L. Conklin
University ofRochester
Ian Christopher Fletcher
Georgia State University
Houghton Mifflin Company Boston New York
Woy
Editor-in-Chief: Jean
Assistant Editor: Leah Strauss
Associate Project Editor: Amy Johnson
Associate Production/Design Coordinator: Jodi O'Rourke
Manufacturing Coordinator: Andrea Wagner
Marketing Manager: Sandra McGuire
Cover Image: Hulton Getty
Cover Design: Sarah Melhado
©
Copyright 1999 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
No part ofthis work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system
without the prior written permission ofthe copyright owner unless
such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. With
the exception of non-profit transcription in Braille, Houghton Mif-
flin is not authorized to grant permission for further uses of copy-
righted selections reprinted in this text without the permission of
their owners. Permission must be obtained from the individual copy-
right owners as identified herein. Address requests for permission to
make copies of Houghton Mifflin material to College Permissions,
MA
Houghton Mifflin Company, 222 Berkeley Street, Boston,
02116.
Printed in the U.S.A.
Library ofCongress Catalog Number: 98-7201
1
ISBN: 0-395-90385-8
456789-QW/F-07 06 05 04 03
Contents
Preface ix
Chronology of Events xi
Reference Maps: xvi
i\frican States in 1884; Africa in 1914; The Caribbean,
1898-1916; South and East Asia in 1914
Introduction
1
The "New Imperialism"
I 11
^/.A. Hobson
Imperialism 14 .0
f
Du
•/W.E.B. Bois
The Color Line Belts the World 21
^M.K. Gandhi <^
The Disease of Civilization 22
Rosa Luxemburg
Capitalism Depends on the Non-Capitalist World 29
V.I. Lenin
Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism 36
vi Contents
Joseph A. Schumpeter
The Sociology of Imperialisms 43
Ho Chi Minh
The Struggle Lies in the Colonies 51
II The Imperial Mission 55
Rudyard Kipling
The White Man's Burden 58
Alice L. Conklin
The French Republican Civilizing Mission 60
Michael Adas
The Machine as Civilizer 67
Adrian Hastings
Christianity, Civilization, and Commerce 74
David Arnold
Medicine and the Colonization of the Body in
India 81
Timothy Burke
Colonialism, Cleanliness, and Civilization in Colonial
Rhodesia 86
1
Contents vii
III Europe in the Empire 97
Catherine Hall
^ An Imperial Man in Australasia and the West
Indies 100
Frances Gouda
Dutch Women in the East Indies 111
Gwendolyn Wright
Residential Segregation and Colonial Architecture
in Morocco 117
Ann Laura Staler
Gender, Race, and Class Boundaries in Southe/st
Asia 124
Owen White
Miscegenation and Identity in French West
Africa 1 3
IV The Empire Europe
in 139
Zeynep Qelik
Displaying the Orient 141
Anne McClintock
Advertising the Empire 149
Preface
own connections between the many different selections presented in
this vokime.
Manv people helped make this book possible. We would like to
thank all of our colleagues in the field who generously responded to
our request for suggestions on what selections to include and who
enthusiastically endorsed this project from its inception. Since the lit-
erature is enormous, we could not have proceeded in a timely fash-
ion without their help. Several individuals contributed great amounts
of their time and energy; in particular we thank Stanley Engerman,
Jean Fletcher, Yael Fletcher, Barbara Brooks, Hugh Hudson, Matt
Payne, Brenda Meehan, and Jeff Jackson. Valuable comments pro-
vided by the following reviewers helped to shape this volume:
Antoinette Burton, Johns Hopkins Universit}'; Frederick Cooper, Uni-
versitv ofMichigan; Kryst}na von Henneberg, Universit}' ofCalifornia
at Davis; and Margaret Strobel, Universit}' of Illinois. At Houghton
Mifflin we owe a special debt to Jean Woy, for her timely recognition
of how important a topic imperialism has become in undergraduate
curriculae, and to Leah Strauss and Amy Johnson for their expert edit-
ing. Still, when all is said and done, it is our own students at the Uni-
versity of Rochester and Ceorgia State University who have unwit-
tingly done the most to inspire this volume and determine much of its
content. We thus dedicate the book to them.
Alice L. Conklin
Ian Christopher Fletcher