European Employment Models in Flux: A Comparison of Institutional Change in Nine European Countries

300 Pages·2009·1.424 MB·English

by  Gerhard Bosch, Steffen Lehndorff, Jill Rubery (eds.)

European Employment Models in Flux
Also by Jill Rubery
WOMEN’S EMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE:Trends and Prospects
(with M. Smith and C. Fagan)
MANAGING EMPLOYMENT CHANGE: The New Realities of Work
(with H. Beynon, D. Grimshaw and K. Ward)
THE ORGANIZATION OF EMPLOYMENT: An International Perspective
(with D. Grimshaw)
SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION: Markets, Organizations and Performance
(co-editor with B. Burchell, S. Deakin and J. Michie)
FRAGMENTING WORK:Blurring Organisational Boundaries and Disordering
Hierarchies (with M. Marchington, D. Grimshaw and H. Willmott)
Also by Gerhard Bosch
LOW-WAGE WORK IN GERMANY(co-editor with C. Weinkopf)
Arbeiten für wenig Geld: Niedriglohnbeschäftigung in Deutschland
(co-editor with C. Weinkopf)
WORKING IN THE SERVICE SECTOR: A Tale from Different Worlds
(co-editor with S. Lehndorff)
BUILDING CHAOS:An International Comparison of Deregulation in the
Construction Industry (co-editor with P. Philips)
WORKING TIME PREFERENCES IN SIXTEEN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
(with H. Bielenski and A. Wagner)
Also by Steffen Lehndorff
Das Politische in der Arbeitspolitik: Ansatzpunkte für eine nachhaltige Arbeits- und
Arbeitszeitgestaltung(editor)
Weniger ist mehr: Arbeitszeitverkürzung als Gesellschaftspolitik
FLEXIBLE WORKING IN FOOD RETAILING:A Comparison between France,
Germany, the United Kingdom and Japan (co-editor with C. Baret,
S. Lehndorff and L. Sparks)
European Employment
Models in Flux
A Comparison of Institutional
Change in Nine European Countries
Edited by
Gerhard Bosch,Steffen Lehndorff and Jill Rubery
Selection and editorial content © Gerhard Bosch,Steffen Lehndorff and Jill
Rubery 2009
Individual chapters © their authors 2009
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2009 978-0-230-22355-4
All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication
may be made without written permission.
No portion of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted
save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the
Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988,or under the terms of any licence
permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,
Saffron House,6-10 Kirby Street,London EC1N 8TS.
Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication
may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of
this work in accordance with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2009 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers
Limited,registered in England,company number 785998,of Houndmills,
Basingstoke,Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue,New York,NY 10010.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom,Europe and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-30859-0 ISBN 978-0-230-23700-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230237001
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully
managed and sustained forest sources.Logging,pulping and manufacturing
processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the
country of origin.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09
Contents
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
List of Contributors ix
Acknowledgements xiv
1 European Employment Models in Flux:Pressures for
Change and Prospects for Survival and Revitalization 1
Gerhard Bosch,Steffen Lehndorff and Jill Rubery
2 Revisiting the UK Model:From Basket Case to
Success Story and Back Again? 57
Jill Rubery,Damian Grimshaw,Rory Donnelly and Peter Urwin
3 The Swedish Model:Revival after the Turbulent 1990s? 81
Dominique Anxo and Harald Niklasson
4 From the ‘Sick Man’to the ‘Overhauled Engine’of Europe?
Upheaval in the German Model 105
Steffen Lehndorff,Gerhard Bosch,Thomas Haipeter
and Erich Latniak
5 Is Institutional Continuity Masking a Creeping Paradigm
Shift in the Austrian Social Model? 131
Christoph Hermann and Jörg Flecker
6 Crisis of the Post-Transition Hungarian Model 155
László Neumann and András Tóth
7 Capitalizing on Variety:Risks and Opportunities in a
New French Social Model 178
Isabelle Berrebi-Hoffmann,Florence Jany-Catrice,
Michel Lallement and Thierry Ribault
8 Continuity and Change in the Italian Model 201
Annamaria Simonazzi,Paola Villa,Federico Lucidi
and Paolo Naticchioni
v
vi Contents
9 From a State-Led Familistic to a Liberal,
Partly De-familialized Capitalism:
The Difficult Transition of the Greek Model 223
Maria Karamessini
10 The Transformation of the Employment System in Spain:
Towards a Mediterranean Neoliberalism? 247
Josep Banyuls,Fausto Miguélez,Albert Recio,
Ernest Cano and Raúl Lorente
Index 270
Figures
Figure 1.1 Pressures for change on EU national
employment models 13
Figure 1.2 Composite indicator of production market
regulations, 1998–2003, selected countries 33
Figure 1.3 Labour input into social services and female
full-time equivalent employment rate 35
Figure 1.4 Gross public expenditure on social services as a
percentage of GDP 36
Figure 4.1 Regulation of the segments of the
German employment model in the 1980s 110
Figure 4.2 Changes in the German employment model by
employment segments 116
Figure 6.1 Annual changes of basic economic indicators 159
Figure 7.1 Activity rate, employment rate, unemployment
rate in France, 1975–2006 (%) 187
Figure 7.2 Relative unit labour costs in manufacturing,
1970–2005 (year 2000 = 100) 189
vii
Tables
Table 1.1 The location of the ‘DYNAMO countries’
in existing typologies according to different studies 10
Table 1.2 Elements of the production, employment
and welfare regimes studied 19
Table 1.3 Pen sketches of national employment models 21
Table 1.4 Female employment rates (as a percentage of
population aged 15–64 and in full-time equivalents),
1995 and 2006 38
Table 2.1 Features of change in the UK model between the
early 1990s and 2008 60
Table 2.2 Real expenditure on selected major areas of
public spending, 1992/93 to 2006/07 (£ billions) 63
Table 2.3 Proportion of skilled employees among the
non-managerial workforce in the workplace, by sector 72
Table 4.1 Quantitative shifts in employment between and within
employment segments, 1985–2004 115
Table 6.1 Lisbon employment targets of Hungary (2004, 2006) 173
Table 7.1 Labour productivity, 1987–2005 188
Table 7.2 Annual variation in the French consumer price index,
1981–2005 190
Table 8.1 GDP, employment and unemployment in Italy,
1961–2006 (annual percentage change,
unless otherwise stated) 205
Table 8.2 Structure and dynamics of manufacturing exports
in Italy and in the world, 1996 and 2002 211
Table 8.3 Employment rates by sex and geographical area,
1977–2003 (percentage of population aged 15–64) 214
Table 9.1 Main economic indicators, Greece 236
Table 9.2 Labour market and social indicators, Greece 238
Table 10.1 Employment by economic activity (in percentages),
Spain 1976–2006, EU-15 2006 249
Table 10.2 Temporary employment rate (percentage of wage
earners with a fixed-term contract), Spain, 1987–2006 257
viii
Contributors
Dominique Anxo is full Professor in economics at the Departments of
Economics and Statistics, University of Växjö and Director of the Centre
for Labour Market Policy Research (CAFO). His research interests fall
broadly into the areas of labour economics, industrial relations, gender
economics, time allocation and evaluation of employment and labour
market policy.
Josep Banyulsis a Lecturer in Labour Economics and Employment Policy at
Valencia University (Spain). Major areas of interest are in sector change and
employment effects, and in international comparative studies on labour
management and work organization. He has participated on projects funded
by different institutions, including the European Commission and the
Valencia Local Government.
Isabelle Berrebi-Hoffmannis a sociologist and a Researcher at the CNRS, in
the Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Socio-economics (Lise-
CNRS), CNAM, Paris. She has led several research projects and publications
on experts and elites in a knowledge economy, service multinational firms
models of organizations and knowledge workers. She has taught at
Wharton, University of Pennsylvania and HEC group, France.
Gerhard Boschis an economist and sociologist, Professor at the University
Duisburg-Essen and Director of the Institute Work and Qualification (IAQ).
He has published widely in the areas of comparative employment systems,
low wages, industrial relations and vocational education and training,
Recent publications include Bosch, G. and Weinkopf, C. (eds), 2008, Low-
Wage Work in Germany, New York: Russell Sage Foundation, and Bosch G.
and Lehndorff S. (eds), 2005, Working in the Service Sector: A Tale from
Different Worlds, London: Routledge.
Ernest Cano is an economist and a Lecturer in the Department of Applied
Economics at Valencia University (Spain). Research activities cover labour
flexibility, new forms of employment and job quality, labour market seg-
mentation and employment policy. He has published several articles and
coordinated research projects in Spain on the topic of precariousness in
employment.
Rory Donnelly is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Manchester Business
School. His research interests are in comparative employment systems, the
ix