Europe and the Politics of Capabilities PDF
Preview Europe and the Politics of Capabilities
Europe and the Politics of Capabilities ThesocialagendaoftheEuropeanUnionisshiftingtowardsbroadsocial initiativesthatalignsocialandeconomicobjectiveswiththepromotion ofemployment.Thiscallsforanactionframeworkthatpermitssocial dialogue and political deliberation to inform and complement legisla- tive action at all levels. The debate, however, has been dominated by advocatesofmarket-basedsolutionsandtheiropponents,thesupport- ers of traditional welfare states. This book, to break out of this ster- ilestalemate,demonstrateshowanemployment-orientedsocialpolicy in Europe can develop from a new, different set of policy principles, specifically‘acapabilityapproach’.Takinginspirationfromtheworkof AmartyaSen,thisbookfocusesontheeffectivefreedompeopleneedto achievetheirgoalsinlifeandwork.Theresultofongoingcollaboration betweenresearchersandsocialactors,itwillappealtosocialscientists, students, policy-makers and all those concerned with the building of Europe. isProfessorofEconomicsandDirectoroftheResearch CentreIDHE,EcoleNormaleSupe´rieuredeCachan. isDirectorofEUREXCTER(ExcellenceTer- ritorialeenEurope)andwasChairmanoftheCommissiondesAffaires Sociales,del’EmploietdelaFormationProfessionnelleoftheECPE atBrusselsfrom1995to2001. Europe and the Politics of Capabilities editedby Robert Salais and Robert Villeneuve Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SãoPaulo Cambridge University Press TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridge,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridg e.org /9780521836043 © Cambridge University Press, 2004 Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionof relevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplace withoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublishedinprintformat 2005 - ---- eBook (NetLibrary) - --- eBook (NetLibrary) - ---- hardback - --- hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof sforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhisbook,anddoesnot guaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Contents Listoffigures page viii Listoftables ix Notesoncontributors x Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv 1 Introduction:Europeandthepoliticsofcapabilities 1 PartI Products,territoriesandeconomicactivity inEurope 2 Europetestedthroughitsproducts:the Renault–Vilvoordeaffairanditsimplicationforindustry andemploymentpolicies 21 3 Competences-orientedlogicsandthepoliticsof unemployability 38 4 RegionalcapabilitiesandtheEuropeanEmployment Strategy 54 5 TheterritorialpactsinItaly:thecompetitivecorporatism assumptioninquestion 73 6 MobilisinglocalcapabilitiesforaEuropeaneconomic project:thecaseofMarseilles 91 - v vi Contents 7 EmploymentandsocialdialogueattheEuropeanlevel: adifferentapproachtogovernanceofterritories 109 PartII AssessingEUproceduresandEuropeaninitiatives 8 TheEuropeanEmploymentStrategy:fromendsto means? 123 9 Regionalgrowth,nationalcontextandtheEuropean StructuralFunds:anempiricalappraisal 140 10 SketchingEuropeansocialdialoguefreehand 163 11 Thefourthdimensionincollectivebargainingand socialco-operation 174 12 Thenatureoftheopenmethodofco-ordination 185 PartIII Whatpoliticsofcapabilities? 13 Capabilities,socialrightsandEuropeanmarket integration 205 , 14 Collectiverights,deliberationandcapabilities:an approachtocollectivebargainingintheBelgian retailindustry 222 15 Thegendersettlementandsocialprovision:thework– welfarerelationshipatthelevelofthehousehold 239 16 Securityandtheworkinglife:newperspectives 255 17 Socialneeds,development,territoriesandfull employmentbasedonsolidarity 272 Contents vii 18 Incorporatingthecapabilityapproachintosocial andemploymentpolicies 283 Appendix1 EUbibliography 301 Appendix2 InformationonEUofficialdocuments 306 Index 307 Figures 8.1. EvolutionofthewageshareinGDP,1962–2001 page125 9.1. Thecatching-upofEuropeancountries,1986–1996 143 9.2. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996 144 9.3. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996,except Frenchoverseasdistricts,Greece,Ireland,Portugal,Ceuta yMelillaandGroningen 145 9.4. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996:Greece 146 9.5. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996:Spain 146 9.6. TheinitialbackwardnessofEuropeanregionsandtheir accesstoStructuralFunds 149 9.7. TheinitialbackwardnessofEuropeanregionsandthe co-fundingrateofStructuralFunds 150 9.8. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregionsandtheiraccessto StructuralFunds 150 9.9. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions(except‘insular’ regions)andtheiraccesstoStructuralFunds 151 18.1. Capabilitiesasoperationalmediationbetweenmeans andoutcomes 288 18.2. Redefiningwelfarestatemodelsaccordingtotheir informationalbasisofjudgementinjustice 296 viii Tables 1.1. FrameworksofEuropeanaction page12 4.1. Thetwo-dimensionalstructureofregionalcapabilities in203Europeanregions:theresultsofafactoranalysis 61 4.2. RegionalcapabilitiesinEUcountries:nationally aggregatedregionalfactorscores 62 4.3. Regionalcapabilitiesandlabourmarketexclusionof womenandyoungerandolderpeople 64 5.1. Potentialresourcesandresourceseffectivelyallocatedfor programmesfinancedinOctober2000(excluding Community-relatedpacts) 80 5.2. Territorialpactsinprogress:number,surfaceareacovered andpopulationinvolved,October2000 82 7.1. TheCOPARSOCproject:relatedactions 119 9.1. Testingtheexplanatoryfactorsfortherateofregional catch-up 155 15.1. Labourforceparticipationratesofpopulationatage fifteen–sixty-four,1980–2000 242 15.2. Femalepart-timeemploymentasapercentageoffemale employmentandmalepart-timeemploymentasa percentageofmaleemployment,1983and1999 243 15.3. Crudedivorcerates,1973–1998 244 15.4. Extra-maritalbirthrates,1988–1998 245 ix
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