Eurabia : the Euro-Arab axis

384 Pages·2005·1.86 MB·English

by  Bat Yeʼor

Eurabia
The Euro-Arab Axis
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BytheSameAuthor
LesJuifsenEgypte.Geneva:Editionsdel’Avenir,1971.Revisedandenlarged
Hebrewedition:YehudaiMizrayim.ForewordbyHayyimZe’evHirschberg.
TranslatedfromtheFrenchbyAharonAmir.TelAviv:Maariv,1974.
LeDhimmi:Profildel’opprime´enOrientetenAfriqueduNorddepuisla
conquˆetearabe.Paris:EditionsAnthropos,1980.
The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians under Islam. Revised and considerably en-
larged English edition. Preface by Jacques Ellul. Translated from the
French by DavidMaisel, Paul Fenton, and DavidLittman. Rutherford, NJ:
FairleighDickinsonUniversityPress,1985.(Seventhprinting,2005.)
Ha-Dimmim: B’nai Hasoot. Enlarged Hebrew edition. Translated by Aharon
Amir. Preface by Jacques Ellul. Introduction by Moshe Sharon. Jerusalem:
Cana,1986.
TheDhimmi:JewsandChristiansunderIslam.Russianedition.In2vols.
Jerusalem:SocietyforResearchonJewishCommunities/‘‘Aliyah’’Library,
1991.
LesChre´tiente´sd’OriententreJihaˆdetDhimmitude,VIIe-XXesi`ecle.PrefacebyJac-
quesEllul.Paris:LesEditionsduCerf,1991.
The Decline of Eastern Christianity under Islam. From Jihad to Dhimmitude. Sev-
enth-Twentieth Century. With a Foreword by Jacques Ellul. Translated from
the French by Miriam Kochan and David Littman. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh
DickinsonUniversityPress,1996(Fifthprinting,2005.)
JuifsetChre´tienssous l’Islam: Lesdhimmisfaceaude´fi inte´griste.Paris:BergIn-
ternational,1994.(Secondprinting,2005.)
Der Niedergang des orientalischen Christentums unter dem Islam. German edi-
tion. With a preface by Heribert Busse. Translated from the French and
EnglishbyKurtMaier.Munich:ReschVerlag,2002.
IslamandDhimmitude:WhereCivilizationsCollide.TranslatedfromtheFrench
by Miriam Kochan and David Littman. Madison, NJ/Fairleigh Dickinson
UniversityPress,2002.(Thirdprinting,2005.)
Eurabia:l’AxeEuro-Arabe.Paris:Jean-CyrilleGodefroy,2006.
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Eurabia
The Euro-Arab Axis
Bat Ye’or
•
Madison Teaneck
FairleighDickinson UniversityPress
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(cid:2)2005,2006byBatYe’or
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BatYe’or.
Eurabia:theEuro-Arabaxis/BatYe’or.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-8386-4076-1(alk.paper)—ISBN0-8386-4077-X(pbk.:alk.paper)
1.Europe—Politicsandgovernment—20thcentury. 2.Europe—Politicsand
government—21stcentury. 3.Islam—Influence. 4.Islamandstate—Europe.
5.Jihad. I.Title.
D1053.B38 2005
303.48(cid:2)240174927—dc22 2004025171
SEVENTHPRINTING2006
(withnewPreface,Postscript,andAppendix)
printedintheunitedstatesofamerica
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Contents
Preface 9
AcknowledgmentsandAuthor’sNote 15
Abbreviations 17
Part I: Eurabia: The Project
1. EURABIAREVEALED 23
2. HISTORICALBACKGROUND 30
3. KNITTINGTHETHREADSTOGETHER 39
TheOilEmbargo:TheTrigger 47
TheSnare 48
4. THEEMERGENCEOFAEURO-ARABPOLITICALAND
ECONOMICBLOC 52
ThePoliticalComponent:TheArabConditions 53
TheEconomicComponent:TheEEC’sConditions 56
Part II: The Birth of Eurabia
5. ANEWPOLITICALANDCULTURALENTITY 63
Eurabia:ANewCulturalEntity 66
6. THESPIRAL:THEEUROPEANCOMMUNITYASAN
INSTRUMENTOFARABPOLICY 70
ArabAnti-IsraeliandAnti-AmericanPolicy:TheOilWeapon 71
ArabPolicyinEurope 75
7. THEPOLITICALALIGNMENTOFTHEEUROPEAN
COMMUNITY 78
PioManzu` ResearchCentreSymposium,Rimini,1979 80
The1980DeclarationofVeniceandtheFezIslamicConference 84
TheHamburgSymposium,1983 89
8. THECULTURALALIGNMENT:EURO-ARABSEMINARS 91
UniversityofVenice,1977 91
TheHamburgSymposium,1983 96
5
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6 EURABIA
Part III: The Functioning of Eurabia
9. FOREIGNPOLICY 101
TheCreationofaVirtualArab/MuslimWorld 103
10. ANANTI-ZIONIST,ANTISEMITICPOLICY 111
1998:EuropeanActionsAgainstIsrael 116
11. THENEWEURO-ARABCULTURE 131
Part IV: The Making of Eurabia
12. ARABANDMUSLIMUNACCOUNTABILITYASAPOLICY 147
13. THEANDALUSIANUTOPIA 163
IslamicCulturalSuperiorityoverEurope 167
14. PALESTINIANISM:ANEWEURABIANCULT 176
ManipulationofJewishHistory 186
15. CONDITIONINGMINDS 190
TheSignsofDhimmitude 194
Part V: Dialogue on Trial
16. THEISLAMIZATIONOFCHRISTIANITY 211
Palestinianism:Christianity’sFlighttoMarcionism 213
17. EURABIAAGAINSTAMERICA 225
TheEUProximityPolicy 230
TheEuro-MediterraneanFoundationfortheDialogueofCultures 233
‘‘EnlargementofMinds’’ 238
EuropeanAnti-Americanism 241
18. THEBACKLASHOFTHEPARTNERSHIP 243
Euro-AmericanRelations 246
EuropeandtheArab-MuslimWorld:ThePartnership 249
Eurabia 252
TheWarAgainstWesternCulture 253
EuropeandJudeophobia 257
TheUtopianSociety 261
Conclusion 265
DialogueonTrial 265
Postscript,May2006 270
Appendix1:VeniceEuro-ArabSeminar,1977 271
Euro-ArabSymposium,Paris,1977 273
Appendix2:FezIslamicConference,1980 274
Appendix3:AmmanArabSummitConference,1980 281
Appendix4:MeccaIslamicSummitConference,1981 284
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Contents 7
Appendix5:HamburgSymposium,1983 296
Appendix6:CouncilofEuropeParliamentaryAssembly,1991 302
Appendix7:VaticanCommission,2003 307
Appendix8:Putrajaya(Malaysia)IslamicSummit,2003 312
Appendix9:EuropeanCommissionHigh-LevelAdvisoryGroup
Report,2003 321
DialogueBetweenPeoplesandCulturesintheEuro-
MediterraneanArea 321
Appendix10:1stEuro-ArabDialogueForum(Paris26–27–28
April2006) 323
Notes 324
Bibliography 347
Index 363
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To David, my companion in life and work
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Preface
Broad historical movements that profoundly transform human societies
aredifficultto discernintheshortterm.They extendoverdecades,often
centuries,andaffectthesocialfabricinmultiplewaysthatarescarcelyno-
ticed by contemporary commentators but become perceptible in times of
accelerated social change. This pattern of historical development applies
to the dynamic of Islamic jihad. For over a millennium, jihad has been a
potent political force that has subjugated and in some cases extinguished
oncepowerfulcentersofJudeo-Christian,Hindu,Buddhistandothercivili-
zationsinAsia,Africa,andEurope.Thishistoricalprocesscanbeobserved
today on all three of these continents. In the 1970s, jihad reappeared as a
powerful factor in European affairs but, for nearly three decades, the re-
vival of jihad passed with little comment in both popular and academic
journals. European statesmen remained silent. The murderous Septem-
ber11,2001jihadistattacksinAmericabrokethesilence.PresidentBush’s
war on terrorism forced Europeans to take sides, while investigations re-
vealedthepresenceofextensiveandwell-establishednetworksofjihadter-
rorists throughout Europe. The Madrid bombing of March 11, 2004
heightenedawarenessofthisgrimreality.However,constructivepublicde-
batehasbeenhamperedbyprofoundignoranceofthejihaddynamicand
by the tendency of Europe’s political elite to continue to appease jihadist
drivingforces.
This book describes Europe’s evolution from a Judeo-Christian civiliza-
tion, with important post-Enlightenment secular elements, into a post–
Judeo-Christian civilization that is subservient to the ideology of jihad and
theIslamicpowersthatpropagateit.ThenewEuropeancivilizationinthe
making can be called a ‘‘civilization of dhimmitude.’’ The term dhimmi-
tude comes from the Arabic word ‘‘dhimmi.’’ It refers to subjugated, non-
Muslim individuals or people that accept the restrictive and humiliating
subordination to an ascendant Islamic power to avoid enslavement or
death.1 The entire Muslim world as we know it today is a product of this
1,300 year-old jihad dynamic, whereby once thriving non-Muslim majority
civilizations have been reduced to a state of dysfunctional dhimmitude.
Many have been completely Islamized and have disappeared. Others re-
mainasfossilizedrelicsofthepast,unabletoevolve.
9
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10 EURABIA
Foroveramillennium,followingtheseventh-centuryMuslimmilitaryof-
fensives against Byzantium, European powers instinctively resisted jihad—
militarilywhennecessary—toprotecttheirindependence.Theresponseof
post–Judeo-Christian Europe of the late twentieth century has been radi-
callydifferent.Europe,asreflectedbytheinstitutionsoftheEU,hasaban-
donedresistancefor dhimmitude,andindependencefor integration with
the Islamic world of North Africa and the Middle East. The three most
apparentsymptomsofthisfundamentalchangeinEuropeanpolicyareof-
ficially sponsored anti-Americanism, antisemitism/anti-Zionism and ‘‘Pal-
estinianism.’’ These increasingly visible aspects of European policy are
merely components of an overall vision for the transformation of Europe
intoanewgeopoliticalentity—Eurabia.2
ThedecisiveshiftinEuropeanpolicycameasaresultoftheoilcrisisof
1973whentheEuropeanEconomicCommunity(EEC),attheinitiativeof
France and the Arab League, established the Euro-Arab Dialogue (EAD).
Since then, the EAD has been in the vanguard of engineering a conver-
gencebetweenEuropeandtheIslamicstatesofNorthAfricaandtheMid-
dleEast.TheEADpromotesaspecificconceptionofinternationalpolitics
thatdeterminesEurope’srelationswiththe Arab/Muslimworld, andwith
America and Israel. It has also formulated a vision of European history,
religionandculture,bothpastandfuture.Undertherubricof‘‘dialogue,’’
the EEC and its Arab League partner created a formidable political and
legalsuperstructurethatencompassestheentireEuro-Arabrelationship
andfosteredincreasedjointEuro-Arabdiplomaticinitiatives.
Thefollowingchaptersdescribetheoriginanddevelopmentofthelittle-
knownEAD.EECandsubsequentlyEUdocumentsrevealthedevelopment
of anew ideology that isproducing demographic and cultural change for
the purpose of creating conditions for the fulfillment of the Eurabian vi-
sion.Eurabia’sculturalpreconceptionsincludethe‘‘newJudeophobia,’’as
wellasresurgentanti-Americanism.TheintensityofJudeophobiaandanti-
Americanism reflects increasing Islamic penetration of Europe and its
growinginfluenceonEuropeanpolicy.Judeophobiahasbeenacharacter-
istic of European and Islamic societies since medieval times. The Islamic
elements of the modern European Judeophobia, together with its related
anti-Americanism,havebeenincorporatedintopoliciesemergingfromthe
EAD. They are as much anti-Christian and anti-Western as they are anti-
Jewish. I do not believe that Judeophobia and anti-Zionism are common
among the majority of Europeans. These attitudes, instead, are imposed
nolensvolensonanoftenreluctantpublicbypolitical,media,andreligious
elitesthroughmethodsthatIwillelucidate.
ItisnowobviousthatIslaminEuropehasnotfollowedaprocessofWest-
ernization;instead,theWestbecomesincreasinglycomplianttoaccommo-
date the religious and political norms of Muslim immigrants out of a fear
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