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Eucharist : Theology and Spirituality of the Eucharistic Prayer PDF

498 Pages·1968·11.131 MB·English
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EUCHARIST Theology and Spirituality of the Eucharistic Prayer l / H A 1 CJ IA I THEOLOGY AND SPIRITUALITY OF THE EUCHARISTIC PRAYER LOUIS BOUYER Translated, by CHARLES U N D E R H I L L QUINN N O T R E D A M E P R E S S U N I V E R S I T Y OF London Notre Dame Nihil obstat: Joseph Hoffman, C.S.C. Censor Deputatus Imprimatur: «J* Leo A. Pursley, D.D. Bishop of Fort Wayne-South Bend July 8, 1968 PUBLISHER’S NOTE: All translations of liturgical texts in this book are literal translations made for use by scholars and not necessarily the translations officially sanctioned for liturgical use. ORIGINAL FRENCH TITLE: Eucharistie: théologie et spiritualité de la prière eucharistique First published by Desclée, Paris, 1966 © 1968 UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME PRESS Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 68-17064 Printed in the United States of America Acknowledgment is made to the following works for quotations used: For the Jewish meal prayers: David Hedegard, Seder R. Amram Gaon, Pt. I (Lund, 1951). For the Andrieu-Collomp papyrus: P. F. Palmer, S.J., Sacraments and Worship (Westminster, Md., 1955). For the Didache: Flenry Bettinson, Documents of the Christian Church (London, 1959). For the liturgy of Our Lord and the liturgy of Our Lady: John M. Ffarden, The Anaphoras of the Ethiopie Liturgy (Lon­ don and New York, 1928). For the new translation of the Roman canon in English: International Committee for English in the Liturgy (ICEL). For the liturgy of Taizé: Max Thurian, The Eucharistic Liturgy of Taizé (London, 1959) . For the later Anglican liturgies: Jardine Grisbrooke; Anglican Liturgies of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (London, 1958). For the Calvinish liturgy and Cranmer’s Book of Common Prayer, as well as John Knox’s liturgy: Bard Thompson, Liturgies of the Western Church (Cleveland and New York, 1961). For the Lutheran liturgy (new): Luther D. Reed, The Lutheran Liturgy, 2nd eel. (Philadelphia, 1960) . For the Church of South India: The Book of Common Worship of the CSU (Oxford, 1962). For the Swedish Lutheran liturgies: Eric E. Yelverton, The Mass in Sweden (Henry Bradshaw So­ ciety, Voi. 57, London, 1920). For the Liturgy of Addai and Mari: F. E. Brightman, Liturgies Eastern and Western (Oxford, 1896). For the Roman preface for Faster (plus Christmas and Epiphany inserts: Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. For guidance in translating and for some passages reprinted from the Roman canon: The New St. Andrew Bible Missal (Bruges). Contents Foreword I. Theologies on the Eucharist and Theology of the Eucharist 1 II. Jewish Liturgy and Christian Liturgy 15 III. The Word of God and the Berakah 29 The Word of God and the knowledge of God 30 The berakoth, the response to the Word 40 IV. The Jewish Berakoth 50 The transmission of the traditional formulas 50 The short formularies 55 The berakoth preceding the Shemah: the Qedushah 58 The Tefillah of the Shemoneh Esreh 70 The meal berakoth 78 The different structures of the Christian Eucharist 88 V. From the Jewish Berakah to the Christian Eucharist 91 Jesus’ use of the berakah 92 The meal berakoth and the institution of the Eucharist 97 VII \ v in Contents The meaning of the “Memorial” 103 The Jewish berakoth and the prayer of the first Christians 106 The first eucharistie liturgies: the Didache 115 The Apostolic Constitutions 119 VI. The Patristic Eucharist and the Vestiges of the Primitive Eucharist 136 The constitution of the traditional formularies of the eucharist 136 The West Syrian and Gallican-Mozarabic types 143 The Alexandrian and the Roman types 144 The survival of a more ancient type in the East Syrian tradition: Addai and Mari 146 Resurgence of the archaic type in the Apostolic Tradition of St. Hippolytus 158 The transformation of the anamnesis and the birth of the epiclesis 182 Other evidences of the same type 184 VII. The Alexandrian and Roman Eucharists 187 Is St. Hippolytus a witness of the origins of the Ro­ man liturgy? 188 The Alexandrian liturgy and the presence of the in­ tercessions in the first part of the eucharist 192 The Der Balizeh anaphora and the Andrieu-Col- lomp papyrus: the anaphora of Serapion 200 Anamnesis and epiclesis in the Egyptian liturgy 209 The kinship between the Egyptian and Roman eucharists and the primitive form of their epi- cleses 214 The structure of the Roman canon and its explana­ tion 227 VIII. The West Syrian Liturgy: the Apostolic Con­ stitutions and the Liturgy of Saint James 244 The late character of the West Syrian eucharist and the factors in its formation 245 The structure and the sources of the eucharist of the Apostolic Constitutions 250 The final synthesis of the eucharist of St. James 268 IX. The Classical Form of the Byzantine Eucharist 281 The Antiochian liturgy of. the Twelve Apostles 282 Contents ix From the liturgy of the Twelve Apostles to the Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 286 The liturgy of St. Basil, its composition and the different stages of its evolution 290 Syrian survival in the long form of Addai and Mari 304 The East Syrian Survival of Intermediary types 307 Genealogy and genesis of the epiclesis 310 X. The Gallican and Mozarabic Eucharist 315 The Gallican and Mozarabic eucharist and its kinship with the West Syrian type 316 From improvisation to imposed formularies : the problem of the liturgical year 329 The oratio fidelium and the intercessions of the Canon 335 XI. The Middle Ages: Development and Defor­ mation 338 The multiplication of the late formularies and their deformation 338 The eucharist of Nestorius: scholastic theology and biblical overlay 342 The Armenian eucharist: fidelity to tradition in new developments 350 Late Syrian anaphoras and the Ethiopian ana­ phoras 357 Preface, Communicantes and Hanc igitur in the sacramentaries 360 The silent canon and the accompanying false developments 366 XII. Modern Times: Decomposition and Reformation 380 The eucharist buried under untraditional formu­ laries and interpretations 381 Luther’s Formula Missae and Deutsche Messe, the last product of medieval deviation 384 The un-eucharistic eucharist of the Reformers: Zwingli, Oecolampadius, Farei and Calvin 391 Survivals and first attempts at restoration among the Lutherans; the Swedish liturgy from Olaus Petri to John III 396 Cranmer and the Anglican eucharist 407 The first rediscovery of tradition by the English Calvinists 419

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