EU Accession and UN Peacemaking in Cyprus PDF
Preview EU Accession and UN Peacemaking in Cyprus
EU Accession and UN Peacemaking in Cyprus Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies Series Editor: Oliver Richmond, Reader, School of International Relations, University of St. Andrews Titles include: JAMES KER-LINDSAY EU Accession and UN Peacemaking in Cyprus Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies Series Standing Order ISBN 1-4039-9575-3 (hardback) & 1-4039-9576-1 (paperback) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England EU Accession and UN Peacemaking in Cyprus James Ker-Lindsay Director, Civilitas Research, Cyprus * © James Ker-Lindsay 2005 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2005 978-1-4039-9690-9 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London wn 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin's Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-54590-2 ISBN 978-0-230-50351-9 (eBook) DOll 0.10 57/9780230503519 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ker-Lindsay, James, 1972- EU accession and UN peacemaking in Cyprus I James Ker-Lindsay. p. cm. - (Rethinking peace and conflict studies) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 978-1-349-54590-2 1. European Union-Cyprus. 2. United Nations-Cyprus, 3. Cyprus History-Cyprus Crisis 1974-1. Title: European Union accession and United Nations peacemaking in Cyprus. 11. Title. III, Series. HC240.25.C93K47200S 341.23'S693-dc22 2005047738 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 For Biljana This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Abbreviations viii Acknowledgements ix Introduction 1 1 Historical Background 9 2 Direct Talks 24 3 The Annan Plan 36 4 Opening the Line 58 5 Restarting the Process 78 6 The Final Phase 89 Epilogue 111 Conclusion 116 Notes 137 Chronology 159 Appendix A: Annan Statements, 29 & 31 March 2004 161 Appendix B: UN Plan (Annan V), 31 March 2004 165 Appendix C: Papadopoulos Speech, 7 April 2004 194 Bibliography 203 Index 209 List of Abbreviations AKEL Progressive Party of the Working People (Greek Cypriot) AKP Justice and Development Party (Turkey) ANAP Motherland Party (Turkey) BDH Peace and Democracy Movement (Turkish Cypriot) CABP Solution and European Union Party (Turkish Cypriot) CHP Republican Peoples Party (Turkey) CTP Republican Turkish Party (Turkish Cypriot) DIKO Democratic Party (Greek Cypriot) DISY Democratic Rally (Greek Cypriot) DSP Democratic Left Party (Turkey) DYP True Path Party (Turkey) ECHR European Court of Human Rights EDEK/KISOS Socialist Party (Greek Cypriot) EDI United Democrats (Greek Cypriot) EOKA National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters, 1955-1959 EOKA-B Vxo-Enosis movement, 1971-1974 EU European Union KAP Cypriot Justice Party (Turkish Cypriot) KKE Communist Party of Greece MHP National Action Party MIT Turkish National Intelligence Service NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation ND New Democracy (Greece) NEO New Horizons (Greek Cypriot) PASOK Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement (Greece) SBA Sovereign Base Area TKP Communal Liberation Party TRNC Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus UBP Grand Unity Party (Turkish Cypriot) UHH National Patriotic Movement (Turkish Cypriot) UN United Nations UNFICYP United Nations Force in Cyprus UNPA United Nations Protected Area YTP New Turkey Party via Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank everyone who provided me with valuable background information on aspects of the peace process. This work would not have been possible if it were not for the willingness of various politicians, officials and diplomats to share their personal insights on the events that took place. For obvious reasons, most of them did not wish to be publicly identified. Nevertheless, my sincerest appreciation goes to them all. Next I would like to thank all those who shared their thoughts on what was happening and helped me refine my own thinking. Again there were many people who played an important role in this process. However, I would especially like to thank Jan Friederich, senior editor at the Economist Intelligence Unit, and Fiona Mullen, Assistant Editor of the Financial Mirror. They played a far greater role in this work than they realise. I am also grateful to Xenia Andreou, Eva Boss, Charlie Charalambous, Rosie Charalambous, Jean Christou, Bruce Clark, Gareth Jenkins, Justin Keay, Michele Kambas, Tabitha Morgan, Kosta Pavlowitch, Helena Smith and Mike Theodoulou. On a similar note, I would also like to thank Othon Anastasakis, Kalypso Nicolaides and Gilles Bertrand. Their workshop on the Annan Plan, held at St Antony's College in October 2003, provided an opportunity to discuss the UN proposals with a number of others working closely on the Cyprus issue. Finally, I would like to say thank you to everyone who provided help and advice with the preparation of this work. Special mention must go to Jamie Bruce-Lockhart His comments on an early draft of the first chapter helped set the tone for the book as a whole. However, the end result would not have been possible without the support and suggestions I received from, among others, Mark Ker-Lindsay, Joris Vreede and Oliver Richmond. In this regard, I would particularly like to acknowledge the important contribution made by Hubert Faustmann. His various comments on the final draft were truly invaluable. I am also extremely grateful for all the advice and assistance I received from Palgrave Macmillan and I would especially like to thank Mary Payne, Guy Edwards and Alison Howson. Lastly, and most importantly, my greatest thanks go to Biljana for her love, support and patience. IX
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