Etimologia e filosofia. Strategie comunicative del filosofo nel «Cratilo» di Platone

672 Pages·2006·11.891 MB·Italian

by  Maria Luisa Gatti

MariaL uisGaa tti
Etimologe ifial osofia
Stratecgoimeu nicatdievlfie l osofo
nel« CratidlioP »l atone
Prefazdiio ne
RoberRtaod ice
www.vi�pensiero.it
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15%d ic iascunv olume dpiaegtarmoe natol lSaI AEd elco mpenso previsto
dall'68a,rt c.o mma4 ,d elllae gg2e2 ap ril1e94 1n .6 33o vverod all'accordo
stiputral aStioae A,i eS,m e CnaC,o nfartigianCaasato,, C laaiC,o nfcommercio,
Confeserceinlt1 i8d icemb2re00 0.
Le riproduzionadi uso differendat eq uelpelrsoo nalpoetra nno avveniperer, u n
numero dipag ine nons uperioarel1 5%de l presentveo lumeso,l oa seguitdoi
specificaa utorizzazionrei lasciadtaA aI D RO,v ia deErlbele, n .2 , 201M2i1l ano,
e-maiselg:re [email protected]
© 200Vi6ta e PensLairegrooA - Gemel-l2i0,1 2M13i lano
ISBN8 8-343-1132-9
L'armonnaisac oèsp tiapù o tednitq eu dlmaan i­
festa.
EraclFir5t.4o D ,K
Ser iusciars òc oprdiicr hees it ratntera es terò
dawermoe ravigilnifaastteotm:ib prrao pruino
enigma.
PlatoCanrmeid,e ,1 6C1- D
Man onta ic cocrhgmeii l asctiroa scipnecaror seì,
dirfueo,ri d alp erconrosnoa ,p pemniat rosvuo
unas trapdiaa na?
PlatoCnrea/o,t,i 4 14B
Nona bbioa mnuldlima e glai oc ruiif esruilrleai
ver(i. t.)à.a,m enoc hteu c,o miep oettria gicchie ,
quansdito r ovina ndioffi colrtiàc,o ralrlomena oc ­
chinteea tr,af laicenadpop ardiergedl èii n,o n
voglcihaae n checi nloiibe ricaomsdoìa ll'impac­
ci(o. .)..D ifattutit,qt uies tis arebdbeesiro ot ter­
fugie,m oltion gegnopesri ,cn hoinv olersesned e-
rec onto.
PlatoCnrea/o,t,i 4 25 D4 26 B
-
PREFAZIONE
LaC ollainnea u c�o mcee ntevsoilmuoam pep,al rame o nogrsaufli a
CratdiliMo a rLiuais Gaa thtagi i aàc coclotsops itcusuduidi i alpolgahtio ­
nicozs�ss iuFali lebsou,Pl a rmenieds eu Plo litdiacp oa rdtiMe a urizio
MiglisourSloi f'i,sd taap ,a rGtiea ncMaorvliooa l2t,cr hene u merose,
imporotpaensrtuPei l atdoiGn ieo vaRnenai/f eoJn,d adteollCraoe l lana
steest sraga,la il tdriKz a�rA ll beCrotr,n ]e.Dli eaV ogMeilc hEarelle r,
Mic!hF eattfaolhN n. F indKloanyr,Ga adis eVir,t toHrasiloeH ,a ns
Kriimer,G erhard Kriiger, LiMmairnMitaaar ,iMT ooe nrteusoar t�
EvanlgohMséo utsopPoau!ulN oast,o frpa,nP atocka,S efi/oesretp,h
ThomaAs.S zleIzmtirTkeo, t h4.
Ler icesrucClrh aet idleoll 'autricneeq lur aidderenrolti rnannoov ato
intepreeirsd siea ldoigP hlia tsounseci tdaadlti ob atrtiigtuoa rldaen te
cosiddDeottttreni onnes cridtetflei lodsiAo t/eonD eo.pa ov eirn terpreta­
toiC lr atpileiorv l o lucmhpeeu bbTluitcgtlaisi c ridtiPt li ataoc nuerd ai
GiovaRnenaiMl aer,Li uai Gsaat ctozn3,s idleaprr aonfdooln abd eillteàz,­
zae l 'enigmdaedtlii acliaotp gàao r,td iaur nepa r eciipsoate esseig etica,
incenstuur naoatr ai gisncaolpreee rltaaat lielvteai mohlaod geicieds,io
cimentnaerlls'ii mdperlldeaes aa/ raezd ieoln ec omdmiqe unetcsoot mo­
plesscsropi ltattoo cnoinccoe,n tirnannadnozssiiut llsueet ztieoot niim olo­
giche.
prospeertmteinveanu etllqiauc aall 'ea ustriri iccoeni onps acret ico­
La
laèrq eu edlleall 'adneatlle issditiT o ho maAs.S zleczhtfhekai 6 n,d ividua­
ton egslcird iiPt ltait eop neerp,cu iròe C rnaetilll paor ,e sdeiun nzsaat rut­
tudrisa occcoorrnsi om,a anp diliùi vaellll'ii ndteelr ndosi taelesos,sge oo
necesasnacrahidaeo l ,td riliago h fzi�an llofa o ndafizlioosnuoelfi tciam ati­
va.
Neclo rdsiao m peia ep profroincdeirrtecelh aseti aialv le' soipaael rlaa
lettecrraitatuu irncca ae ,rp tuon ctoo/n,e liincteu ilz'iaounstèeira iccceo r­
tad ellpar esneenClzr aat diliao c cerninpiea tglu itodice ollm aa cchtienaa­
traclhaeep panreelt lar agiendp iaasm,so ili tmip orptealrn' tair chitettura
delleet imoeld oedglii ael coogmop lessivo.
Dopaov esrv oulnt'oa ccaunraalstiseaim andteilcplaaa r J.lo1JlXaa vri
(macctheiantaer sapleed,in eeCnlrt aet)einl, oe ll'cionrtppueslr aot onico,
l'auhtair nitcrea lp'raensdaoitl uistiitd loi aldoigpoa,n alnasd tornuet tu-
8 ROBERIITAOD ICE
rad 'inseil eevm aera iret icoPlalzaitononeniCler. a tsiibl aosi anl arga
misusrualle 'speddieellmnaat cec htienaati rnaa nlael:co oglni' aa ppari·zio­
ned elldei vinneidlte àues xm achidneallt ar agiefildl io/aso,no ellsoc rit­
top,r esenlteea tnidmoo slilo igmiaiedt a ac cen(nmaerdei gainotdceih i
parolal deu,p liceal zami oolntei pldiectiae zrimeoif nmre:e qureifnetrii ­
menitrio an/ilciin gdueagaglngiti iodc ehgdzlzè:di: e Bia rbdaerlldi,eo nne)
ac ontednoutttirc ihnneoa pnlr ie cuilstae rioprrbmaoebnitlemp,ee nlrta e
supae cucloinarceed zeirloa npep forrsatc or ietfi tluorsao fia.
Comseil egegsep licitamented ian reetldele 'septeidmiionel notgei,a
Crat4i1l4Bo ,41 5A ,l J.LaTJ Xa(vfJm acctheiantears apleed,iè /e "n'taer)t,i ­
-
ficicohi efil l osuotfiolp iezprzr aoc epdiveùer leo cemmaes netneezs,aa t­
teznzealc,lao municpaezisric ornidetep tlro o ppreinos iReirloe.gg/ errae ,
glail trz: qaulellsuatcd oee llpea sasdnoea llGlaai ts/tiaii n travlead ere
forzdaeg le nfiiol oesl oefitctoed riPa lraitlooep n aer:So flieen s gpee cchio
oltcrheees pedfiaecinltsiett,rà a,n o,l 'ceesrarcteatnredeze zrae, altisonan­
tec omnee lltar agaecdcioam palg'naallnuaosq iuoenpsert ooc edpiimùe nto
veleom ceen o partetcrisaolv ase crrsiot tura.
Cospìu rneep,la scsiot aantconh eell 'epPilgartadofoneme,a nedsap li­
citameanE trem ogeed nice o,n segaulle entzt«aom rnaeo ,tn ai c cocrhgei
mila scpieocr,o dsiìrt er,a scifnuaodrraepil e rcocrhsceoa »m,bd iios corso,
«noanp pemnita r osvuuo n sat rada pciioamèni aa v»v7i,aci icn oon tenuti
chpei mùi p remono?
Ine/ /etptrzi:dm eall par esienntteerp reetrafaza icisolonerve o lsaur e
quesetdaa l tprree ciinsdei cmaeztioodnoil noagsiccnohesellts oec rei tto
molvtoel tceo-mdee rle sèts ou ccaenscsaholle ' autnreicrlei -l,ei ggle re
dialsorige oss,to arp rpeesir/il a tdtino o ens saevrvseipd ruitdmiiqa u ello
cheer sao tgtlooic cdhiti u tmtaci, h reis ulitnoa mvbar pae,r ccohné/ auds o
alterlie meenci tòsi e:n za rdisupbobniadode u vnapa r ecisa dis trategia
Platone.
Comaec cennalv'aamuhota,rr iecael ilz'ziamtpdore ellssapa i egazione
deleln'i"gd meCalr ataip laor,td iaar cec urriactoeg ndiicz airoa/ntiitl eor­e
logeidce or menePuetirin cdoi.v iedd eucaifrtreua triteclo o mplgeisoscoo
dir imaanlldui,s iom:h acr oimppriueunstreaoi, g oerf oastaia cnoaslais i
lessriiccaelrelc,oea c ncdoor drime onlztei ssinmeeCl r paateria olnloc,eh ,e
neclo rppulsa tonico.
La'utrhiauc tez lizpzeaqrtu oe sstoop ratitlLu etstspoil caot odnii co
BrandwpoeordicBLlh,e é s seilceot trdoi niPcldaoa m9te or neea liznzoant o
eraan copriae namdeisnptoen ibilleas u mqaou naongderora iafnf i aads ie
elaborLaezi inodangleie.ns is cihcaean lcihc,'o inos iudnse ursoss icideino­
tifidcoe cispievlaro r icenreclla' amdbeillstato o dreillfiaal osaonftiiac a,
PREFIAZONE 9
conferaisq cuoensot u'nop paerrtai ccaorlaadtritpe er reeci seidoo gngee t­
tività.
Inp articneoclla asdroeeC l,r atiilmloe ,t oddeollG aa tctoin sdein te
cogleim eerteti enrr iel liase avpoi reengdtiiePa l atior niem,ai nndtie rm:
leo missiloerm i:p reedis mep,e ddiSiec ses terraev doalllt'ii ndfeiit tirsi
nomcih ceo,m rei lle'vaau nterplir coec,ed deelldraie s cusdsiivoennet,a no
unv ervoo rtuinfic uem,te r avolgente.
Neclo rdseoll 'invdeanggiaonnneco fh aet etmee rgiemrmea gaisnsia i
icasdteigcdnheeellp ,ei c ùe lepbagrdiiin P el atcoonmeqe,u edlleall sop ec­
chidoe,llS afi ngdee,llm aa cchtienaatd reallplaee ll,de el le odneell,so c ia­
med is apiedneczlaa t,ad rergEolr ia cldiefitlue mzde:e, vl o rtdieccloe n,­
teggdieoni o mcio mseef ossveortdozes :lo gdneollI ed edee,llo 'r(a(cdoil o
Cratdie/llMoau, s dai Eutdiferlvolenere t,di iSg oicnriDa atm ee.t tienr e
rilsioenvaoon clh'eu tiliizrzoandzieicllmoaaan ses liecm oa sbee llseo no
diffipceairlll uid aelrle' itnrtaetrtsaau zii ononro etm /ze:r ai mmeenrtoi,
O
aE sioead ipo o eqtuiaf loine tsio tedrisic ahpezi. ae n
Particobleallfrerml aeae nl ttsero enl,oee t imodliEo rgmieedt iedo,e lla
comunicdaezlilo'neer,m eed neellsuoct aimcbdaii Io r;i adfef,a scinante
messagdgiPae nrl,ae ;g anteos fsarola elt oogtoadsle rilet aeàal lleta r age­
didaiA; p ollroif,e railstleoam pldiepclri itnàc diiAp dieco,o; r raellla'tion ­
visibailll eeg,ad medele sideae lrli'oe spdrebeles llseoid ;oiD n ieo niso,
accoasllt'aetbob ear lle'ziznat elligenza.
Cospìu rseo,nd oas egnaifllau roaecs os,o acillacata ou (siaun na llusi­
vop ascshoce,o nn!e't(t'eiu nsd eigrrceeo ltnado e risidoengaels ic oltatort},
insiceomineSl o l(ed atdoibr eend eiu, n ietd àim oltepcloiinciBl te àn)e,
(cphreo dluecgeae mc ehp,eu eòs sdeerneo mimneadtioav nantroeim cio n­
cerneln'tuite ii vlla inttàa egga inoc)ch,oel n aG iust(icvzhiieea n e connes­
sac oinll e gaumnei ficcahnpete en etturtamt eon)t,ir Blee llvoi ecnoell e­
gataold enomiean lla'rien teolllitcgrheaeenld z ifaf,i lci'lEear,llo 'sa mare
ea ld irleav, e railmt oàt doi vilnamo e,n zoagllnqaau ideict hedi o rme.
analliessisa iicupatelare t aaf naetrmo e rgneedrlie a luong'oa rchitet­
I:
tupriae namceonentseeall 'inens eipiea mret iPcloaltanorecniloe. r d seol la
discussusniio omtnire a ttienmg ogdciooa e ruennsato erd tiea n ciclopedia
filosodfiesclaa p eprree,s enutnasane drnoiu et ritdiiess tiimmao ilno gie,
euc�o mseiè v isrtioc,o rarm euntdaom feonnteipt eicrcio stprauriorlee
cruciaaifl iidn eill sau sat ractoemguinai craitcihpviraao,mc paor nit enuti
dottrfionnadlait ivi.
Ilc ontiencs utlioee timosliion gsieer èisq cuoendlloeo ll tar attazione
deplr oblseumllcaao rreptetnrea ztzoupa re acr o nvendzeniioo mnczeo: n ­
siderrta/tear iiamnlle cano tnoc edzeimloo nbez luisnmiov eprrsoaplueg na-
10 ROBERRATDOI CE
tad aC rat]}ia/uot.er siacmeei c noam meanptpar ofondliost vaimleunpt­e
pardseipl r ocedidmieanltedote tfilil cooss oi/naoe ,lld ai scuscsoino ne
Ermogene, liatm epslii cnaantituncer u aaipl pisatidioicnvaoes, re sreeit ei ­
mologsiicnahe elld,ais cuscsoiCnor naeti inc/ ueoim, e rlg'ei pcootnevsein ­
zionalistica.
Tutltama o nogrdaofciuam ecnhlte'a e lecmeennttdroea Cllr ea tilo,
dediaclda itsoc erpaodlidociE a rlaec èll iatt roa,t tdaezrlia opnp/eor riatl o
Movimeen tQlaou iecthese,ii mplirceacinpor ocianmr eenltaeza,ii o ne
nomiiMl:o vimetnetnod aelln'toer adlfi innèeie ,/l, a ttdoormei niann te
tutilt iiv elli dLeelle at irmeoialnlpot agàri.te i,pc eorlmaertett,ro ansof,o r­
mandino o mdria: ll udaellrdaei aledtiMt oivciam eenQ tuoi enteveia ri
graeda im bictois,m olaongtioclezoa :gn itcrio pologici.
questdienoion medi, e lllao croor reptetcreo znzvae nzione, conside­
La
ranteacl o ntdeeslltdaoo tterriancadl eiflltu eiuarn ei verriscahlpieee,rd e
Platloacn oen osdceellndezo at t/roinndeac thiiedlv i ea leptotsiscioe de.
Quest'unlatsicdmoiose,tlt oafr iog duiSr oac rcaotned,mu aciee utica­
menatlleca o mprednesdlii oanlieo/l geot cthoserli ea sgcuiidaai rnme o do
adegudaatllioen dicadzisisoenmiin nealltoe scrittfoi,ni onc ompiendo
fontduot ipt ais dseilld ai aleGtitEàir caacla.if tfoe rcmhalev' ao rdaic olo
ApollaDo e l/«in odni ecn eo nna scomnaad cec,e nnCahn»io cno gglliie
w.
acceesn pine ir ndeelld ee viaziocnoim ceof nicnGliaustdccteeoi,, in fl r ain­
tendleepr aer doelfilel oscoh/reoe ,s tpaelnruo ei n igmaitnidcehceif,r abi­
li.
l}e nigdmeaClr atqiluori is oeli tnot erprae/ ntod a opt eor maeltlteet ­
tadries eguirec oPmlparteonndieegl ni dosocenone,pz rao vlaevr eer tigini
ei ld isoriendtica hmviei nettnroea scient artaovd oalclto om plmeas so
affascivnoarntdtiinec o em ei,s ip erdel anbeildr iip natrcooo lgseeì n ial­
menatrec hitedtaftlia ltoos o/o.
RoberRtaod ice