Ethnomedicinal Plants: Revitalizing of Traditional Knowledge of Herbs

507 Pages·2011·5.1 MB·English

by  M. K. Rai

Ethnomedicinal
Plants
Revitalization of Traditional
Knowledge of Herbs
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Ethnomedicinal
Plants
Revitalization of Traditional
Knowledge of Herbs
Editors
Mahendra Rai
Deepak Acharya
José Luis Ríos
CRC Press 6Su0i0te0 3B0ro0k, eBno Scoau nRda tPoanr,k FwLa y3, 3N4W87 Science Publishers
Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue
an informa business N2 ePwar Yk oSrqk,u NarYe ,1 M00il1to6n Park Enfield, New Hampshire
www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX 14 4RN, UK
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Published by Science Publishers, P.O. Box 699, Enfi eld, NH 03748, USA
An imprint of Edenbridge Ltd., British Channel Islands
E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.scipub.net
Marketed and distributed by:
CRC Press 6Su0i0te0 3B0ro0k, eBno Scoau nRda tPoanr,k FwLa y3, 3N4W87
Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue
an informa business New York, NY 10016
2 Park Square, Milton Park
www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX 14 4RN, UK
Copyright reserved © 2011
ISBN 978-1-57808-696-2
Cover illustrations reproduced by kind courtesy of Dr. Deepak Acharya and
Prof. José Luis Ríos.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ethnomedicinal plants : revitalization of traditional
knowledge of herbs
/ editors: M. Rai, D. Acharya, Jose Luis Rios. -- 1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-57808-696-2 (hardcover)
1. Herbs--Therapeutic use. 2. Medicinal plants. 3.
Ethnobotany. 4.
Traditional medicine. I. Rai, M. K. II. Acharya, Deepak.
III. Rios,
Jose Luis. IV. Title: Revitalization of traditional knowledge
of herbs.
RM666.H33E88 2010
615’.321--dc22
2010035107
The views expressed in this book are those of the author(s) and the publisher does not assume
responsibility for the authenticity of the fi ndings/conclusions drawn by the author(s). Also no
responsibility is assumed by the publishers for any damage to the property or persons as a result
of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher, in writing.
The exception to this is when a reasonable part of the text is quoted for purpose of book
review, abstracting etc.
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise
be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior
consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and
without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent
purchaser.
Printed in the United States of America
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Preface
Since the beginning of civilization, people have been using plants for
medicines. A discussion of human life on this planet would not be complete
without a look at the role of plants. Ethnobotany is the study of how people
of a particular culture and region make use of indigenous plants. In fact,
medicine and botany have always had a close relationship. Many of the
drugs today, have been derived from plant sources. However, as modern
medicine advances, chemically-synthesized drugs have replaced plants
as the source of most medicinal agents. Research on plant sources is still
receiving attention these days and they are used as the main basis of drug
development.
There is a pressing need for revitalization of traditional knowledge of
the plants used by rural and tribal people. Biotechnological approaches
will prove to be boon, which can help validation and value addition of
prominent herbal practices. Many fatal diseases like AIDS, cancer and
swine flue have emerged and need proper treatment. Ethnomedicinal
plants can be screened and modern approaches can be used for analysis of
herbs. This book consists of 17 chapters, covering ethnomedicinal plants
from Mexico, Brazil, West Indies, Lebanon, Nepal, India, Costa Rica,
Tunisia, Cameroon, Norway and Spain. It includes ethnomedicinal uses
of medicinal plants, their bioactivity and the role of bioinformatics and
molecular biology in ethnomedicinal plants research.
The book could be an essential reading for botanists, medicos,
Ayurvedic experts, traditional healers, pharmacologists and common
people who are interested in curative properties of healing herbs.
Finally, we are thankful to Mr. Raju Primlani for his help and suggestions
for the book. I wish to thank my research students—Alka Karwa, Aniket
Gade, Ravindra Ade, Avinash Ingle, Dyaneshwar Rathod, Alka Yadav,
Vaibhav Tiwari, Jayendra Kesharwani, and Swapnil Gaikwad for their help
and support during the preparation of the book. MKR wishes to thank his
daughters—Shivangi, Shivani and son Aditya for moral support during
the editing of the book.
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Contents
Preface v
List of Contributors ix
1. Ethnomedicinal Plants: Progress and the Future of Drug 1
Development
José Luis Ríos
2. Spasmolytic Effect of Constituents from Ethnomedicinal 25
Plants on Smooth Muscle
Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez
3. Brazilian Ethnomedicinal Plants with Anti-inflammatory 76
Action
José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
4. Women’s Knowledge of Herbs used in Reproduction in 115
Trinidad and Tobago
Cheryl Lans and Karla Georges
5. Medicinal Value of Polyunsaturated and Other Fatty 135
Acids in Ethnobotany
Sabreen F. Fostok, Antonios N. Wehbe, and Rabih S. Talhouk
6. Smoke of Ethnobotanical Plants used in Healing 166
Ceremonies in Brazilian Culture
Raquel de Luna Antonio, Nayara Scalco, Tamiris Andrade
Medeiros, Julino A.R. Soares Neto, and Eliana Rodrigues
7. Traditional Medicines as the Source of Immuno- 192
modulators and Stimulators and their Safety Issues
Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan
8. Traditional Knowledge about Indian Antimicrobial 212
Herbs: Retrospects and Prospects
Deepak Acharya and Mahendra Rai
9. Medicinal Usefulness of Woodfordia fruticosa (Linn.) Kurz 253
Shandesh Bhattarai and Dinesh Raj Bhuju
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
viii Ethnomedicinal Plants
10. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Azadirachta indica 269
Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez
11. Ethnomedicine of Quassia and Related Plants in 301
Tropical America
Rafael Ocampo and Gerardo Mora
12. An Inventory of Ethnomedicinal Plants Used in Tunisia 333
Borgi Wahida, Mahmoud Amor, and Chouchane Nabil
13. Medicinal Plants used in Folk Medicine for 361
Digestive Diseases in Central Spain
M.E. Carretero Accame, M.P. Gómez-Serranillos Cuadrado,
M.T. Ortega Hernández-Agero and O.M. Palomino Ruiz-Poveda
14. Traditional Medicinal Products and their Interaction 388
with Estrogens Receptors—Implications for Human
Health
Dieudonné Njamen
15. Applications of Microarray Technology in 424
Ethnomedicinal Plant Research
Mahmoud Youns, Jörg D. Hoheisel, and Thomas Efferth
16. Combining Ethnobotany and Informatics to Discover 444
Knowledge from Data
Jitendra Gaikwad, Karen Wilson, Jim Kohen, Subramanyam
Vemulpad, Joanne Jamie and Shoba Ranganathan
17. Conservation Strategies for Ethnomedicinal Plants 458
Arun Rijal
Index 489
Color Plate Section 497

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
List of Contributors
M.E. Carretero Accame
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Pza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040
Madrid, Spain.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Deepak Acharya
Abhumka Herbal Pvt. Ltd.,
5th Floor, Shreeji Chambers, Behind Cargo Motors CG Road,
Ahmedabad 380 006, Gujarat, India.
Tel: [phone] to 19
E-mail: [email protected]
Mahmoud Amor
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy-Monastir 5000,
Tunisia.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Raquel de Luna Antonio
Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo,
Rua Botucatu, 862-1º andar, Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas,
CEP 04023-062-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Tel: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Shandesh Bhattarai
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, GPO Box 3323, Kathmandu,
Nepal.
Tel: [phone] (cell)
E-mail: bhattaraishandesh@ yahoo.com
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
x Ethnomedicinal Plants
Dinesh Raj Bhuju
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, GPO Box 3323, Kathmandu,
Nepal.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
M.P. Gómez-Serranillos Cuadrado
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Pza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Thomas Efferth
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy,
University of Mainz,
Staudinger Weg 5; 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Sabreen F. Fostok
Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences and Nature
Conservation Center for Sustainable Futures (IBSAR),
American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone], ext 3888
E-mail: [email protected]
Jitendra Gaikwad
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences,
Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Karla Georges
Veterinary Public Health, The University of West Indies,
Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, EWMSC
Mount Hope, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. 1(868)6452640.
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
List of Contributors xi
Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez
Escuela Superior de Ingeníeria Química e Industrias extractivas IPN. Av,
Instituto Politecnico Nacional S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López
Mateos, Mexico D.F.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Jörg D. Hoheisel
Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ),
Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Tel: [49] (6221)42-4680
Fax: [49] (6221)42-4687
M.T. Ortega Hernandez-Agero
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Pza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040
Madrid, Spain.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Joanne Jamie
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences,
Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan
GenØk—Center for Biosafety, FellesLab, MHB, University of Tromsø,
9037 Tromsø, Norway.
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Jim Kohen
Department of Biological Sciences,
Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Cheryl Lans
PO Box 72045 Sasamat, Vancouver, V6R4P2, Canada.
E-mail: [email protected]
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
xii Ethnomedicinal Plants
Tamiris Andrade Mediros
Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua
Botucatu, 862-1° andar, Edificio de Ciências Biomédicas,
CEP 04023-062-São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
Tel: [phone]
Gerardo Mora
Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA);
Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica.
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Chouchane Nabil
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy-Monastir 5000,
Tunisia.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Julino A.R. Soares Neto
Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo,
Rua Borges Lagoa, 1341-1º andar, CEP 04038-034-São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Tel: [phone]
Dieudonné Njamen
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology,
Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1,
PO Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon.
Tel: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Rafael Ocampo
Bougainvillea Extractos Naturales,
S.A. Apartado Postal 764-3100 Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica.
E-mail: [email protected]
O.M. Palomino Ruiz-Poveda
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy,
Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Pza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040
Madrid, Spain.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC