Ethnic groups of Laos Vol. 3, Profile of Austro-Thai-speaking peoples.

168 Pages·2003·13.71 MB·English

by  Joachim Schliesinger

White Lotus Press Titles
Abadie, Maurice .ilinorities of the Sinoc~letnamese Borderland with Special
Reference to Thai Tribes
Aymonier, Etienne Khmer Heritage in Thailand, with Special Emphasis on
Temples, fnscripllons and Etymology
Aymonier, Etienne Khmer Heritage in the Old Siamese Provinces of Cambodia
Aymonier, Etienne /san Travels: Northeast Thailand's Economy in 1883-1884
Barrelon, P., B. de Corbigny, Ch. Lemire & G. Cahen Cities of Nineteenth
Centwy Colonial Vietnam. Hanoi, Saigon, Hue and the Champa Ruins
Bekaert, Jacques Cambodian Diary, 2 Vols
Chaiyan Rajchagool The Rise and Fall of the Thai Absolute .14anarchy
Chazee, Laurent The Peoples of Laos: Rural and Ethnic Diversities
Cohen, Erik Thai Tourism-Is/and, Hilitribe and Open-Ended Prostitution
Clutterbuck, Martin The Legend of Siamese Cats Ethnic Groups
Cupet, P. Among the Tribes of Southern Vietnam and Laos
Cupet, P. Travels in Laos and among the Tribes of Southeast indochina
Damrong Rajanubhab, Prince Our War with the Burmese: Thai-Burmese Coliflict
i539-1767
Delaporte, Louis & Francis Garnier A Pictorial Journey on the Old Mekong:
Cambodia, Laos, and l'unnan of Laos
Dilok Nabarath, Prince Siam :S Rural Economy under King Chula/ongkorn
Dohring, Karl Buddhist Stupa (Phra Chedi) Architecture of Thailand
Dohring, Karl Buddhist Temples of Thailand: An Architectonic Introduction
Duggan, G. Ikats of Savu. Women Weaving History in Eastern Indonesia
Dupuis, J. A Journey to Yunnan and the Opening of the Red River to Trade
Fournereau, Lucien Bangkok in 1892 Volume 3. Profile of Austro-Thai
Fouser, Beth The Lord of !he Golden Tower-King Prasat Thong and the
Building of Wat Chaiwatthanaram
Speaking Peoples
Garnier, Francis Travels in Cambodia and Part of Laos
Garnier, Francis Further Travels in Laos and l'unnan
Greene, Stephen Lyon Wakeman Absolute Dreams: Thai Government under
Rama Vi, i910-1925
Gruschke, Andreas The Cultural Monuments of Tibet's Outer Provinces: Amdo.
Vol. 1. The Qinghai Part
Gunn, Geoffrey C. Theravadins, Colonialists and Commissars in Laos
Hagerda!, Hans Hindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Lombok and Bali in the
Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Heim, Arnold & August Gansser The Throne of the Gods.· An Account of the
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Hocquard, Edouard War and Peace in Hanoi and Tonkin. A Field-Report of the
Franco-Chinese War and an Customs and Beliefs of the Vietnamese
Hol.brook, R. D. & Manob Suriya The Blue Book of Coastal Vessels: Thailand <36634623620012
Hosseus, Carl Curt Through King Chulalongkorn :S Kingdom (1904-i906):
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Hur!imann, Martin Photographic Impressions of Burma, Siam, Cambodia.
l'unnan, Champa, and Vietnam <36634623620012
lorns Magallanes, C. J. & M. Holick (Eds) Land Conflicts in Southeast Asia.
indigenous Peoples, Environment and international Law
Ivanoff, Jacques The Moken Boat. Symbolic Technology
Bayer. Staatsbiblicthek
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Krause, Gregor & Karl With Bali: People and Art
Ethnic Groups
By the same author
Hill Tribes of Vietnam
Volume I. Introduction and Overview of Laos
Volume 2. Profile of the Existing Hill Tribe Groups
(White Lotus Co. Ltd. Bangkok, 1997 and 1998)
Ethnic Groups of Thailand-Non-Tai-Speaking Peoples
(White Lotus Co. Ltd., Bangkok, 2000) Volume 3. Profile of Austro-Thai
Speaking Peoples
Tai Groups of Thailand
Volume 1. Introduction and Overview
Volume 2. Profile of the Existing Hill Tribe Groups
(White Lotus Co. Ltd., Bangkok, 2001)
Joachim Schliesinger
Ethnic Groups of Laos
Volume 1. Introduction and Overview
Volume 2. Profile of Austro-Asiatic-Speaking Peoples
Volume 4. Profiles of Sino-Tibetan-Speaking Peoples
(White Lotus Co. Ltd., Bangkok, 2003)
T
White Lotus Press
Contents
Tables ........................................................................................... vii
Maps .............................................................................................. vii
List of Illustrations
Preface ....... . . .............. xxi
Profile of Austro-Thai groups ....... . . ......................................... 1
Cham ............................................ . 18
Lao
Lao Isan .................................................... . .................................... 40
© 2003 by Joachim Schliesinger. All rights reserved.
Lao Ngaew ................................................ .
Phuan .................. 51
White Lotus Co., Ltd.
Lue ........ 61
G.P.O. Box 1141
Yuan .................... 73
Bangkok 10501
Kalom ...... .. ::::::::::::
Thailand .. ............................... ·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·. ~--~~: ~:~:: ::~~
Tai Yai ... , .................. ..
Telephone: [phone] and [phone]-9 Tai Khoen ...................................... .
Fax: [phone] and [phone] Phu Tai
E-mail: [email protected] Tai Gapong 104
Website: http://thailine.com/lotus Tai Wang .................................................................... .. .. ........... 108
Printed in Thailand Tai Dam .......... .. .. ........... 112
ISBN 974-4800-37-2 pbk White Lotus Co., Ltd., Bangkok Tai Khao 126
Tai Deng ............. 135
Front cover photograph: Lue girls in festive dress, Ou Tai district, Giay 144
Phongsali province Seak ................. . ······························ . .................... 151
Back cover photograph: Mien boys in traditional costume, Yang Vieng Tai Yor .................................................................................. 159
district, Vientiane province Yoy ................. . ································ . ............... 165
l Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
Miincheo
Tai Mene ··················· ························································ .... 170 Tai Kaloep ......................................................................... 289
Tai Meuy ··················· ····································· ............ 175 Tai Khot
Tai Pao ........... . ················································· 180 Tai Kwo
Tai Oh ········ ............ 184 Tai Laan
Tai E ............ . . .................. 189
Tai Loy ....................... .
............... 193
Tai Khang ........ . ... 202 Tai Nhay ......................... .
....................................................................... 199
Tai Nyai ........................... .
~:: ~~~n ;~~
Tai Pag ......................................... 293
Tai Air ......... .
Tai Senka..p..· .·..·..· ..·.·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.··.· .· ···••····•••·•••••••••••• ••• •• Tai Peung ...................... .
Tai Yuang ........... . Tai Samgaw
Tai Chiangki ................................................ . Tai Set ............... .
Tai Then ............. . Tai Soi. .......................................................... .
Tai Pouark ........................................................................................ 223 Tai Wad
Tai Sam .......................................................................................... 227
Tai Nua .......................................................................................... 230
Tai Souei ........... .
Tai Porong .............. . . .......................................... 242
Tai Add ...... . ............... 245 Tables
Tai Poua .......................................................................................... 248
Hmong .......................................................................................... 252
Yao ................................................................................................ 272 I Austronesian, Tai and Miao-Yao language groups of Laos .............. 2
Other-or Indefinable-Austro-Thai Groups ............................ 286
Central Thai ....................................................................... 286
Pu Ko ................................................................................ 287
Tai Gangpanong ......................................................... 287
Maps
Tai Gar ............................... .... 287
Tai Gatam ............................................ . . ....................... 288
Tai Goo ................................. 288 I Provinces of Laos ...................................................................... xxvm
Tai Hun .. . .. 289 2 Ethnic Distribution in Laos: Austro-Thai-Speaking Peoples .......... xxix
VI Vll
Plate 14 That Dam, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture
Plate 15 Lao monks inside Wat Phonkeng, Vientiane, Vientiane
prefecture
List of Illustrations Plate 16 Wat Tai Yai, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture
Plate 17 Bell tower at Wat Tai Yai, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture
Plate 18 Lao women inside temple, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture
Plate 19 Lao woman having lunch in temple, Vientiane, Vientiane
prefecture
Front cover: Lue girls in festive dress, Ou Tai district, Phongsali
Plate 20 Lao women clearing the dishes in temple, Vientiane, Vientiane
province
prefecture
Back cover: Mien boys in traditional costume, Yang Vi eng district,
Plate 21 Lao forest monk, Phon Hong district, Vientiane province
Vientiane province
Plate 22 Monks receiving alms, Luang Prabang, Luang Prabang
Plate 1 · Cham Alaishad Mosque, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi
province
district, Vientiane prefecture
Plate 23 Wat Mai Suwannaphumaham, Luang Prabang, Luang
Plate 2 Cham schoolroom, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi district,
Prabang province
Vientiane prefecture
Plate 24 Buddha statue inside Wat Mai Suwannaphumaham, Luang
Plate 3 Cham teacher, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi district,
Prabang, Luang Prabang province
Vientiane prefecture
Plate 25 Temple door at Wat Mai Suwannaphumaham, Luang
Plate 4 Cham boy, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi district, Vientiane Prabang, Luang Prabang province
prefecture Plate 26 Lao house, Ban Mai, Senamchai district, Attapeu province
Plate 5 Cham girl, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi district, Vientiane Plate 27 Lao woman winnowing, Ban Mai, Senamchai district, Attapeu
prefecture
province
Plate 6 Elderly Cham man, Ban Pounsavath, Chanthaburi district, Plate 28 Lao peasant, Phapho district, Champassak province
Vientiane prefecture Plate 29 Lao Isan house, Ban Donsangphai, Xaithany district, Vientiane
Plate 7 Lao national monument Pha That Luang, Vientiane, Prefecture
Vientiane prefecture Plate 30 Lao Is an woman, Ban Donsangphai, Xaithany district, Vientiane
Plate 8 Gate to Pha That Luang, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture prefecture
Plate 9 Lao King Setthathirat statue, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture Plate 31 Lao Isan woman in traditional dress, Ban Song Muang Tai,
Plate 10 Wat Si Saket, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture Thakhek district, Khammuan province
Plate 11 Buddha niches in the compound ofWat Si Saket, Vientiane, Plate 32 Lao Ngaew houses, Ban Nakham, Thabok district, Vientiane
Vientiane prefecture prefecture
Plate 12 Wat Phra Keo, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture Plate 33 Lao Ngaew woman, Ban Nakham, Thabok district, Vientiane
Plate 13 Gallery at Wat Phra Keo, Vientiane, Vientiane prefecture prefecture
Vlll
lX
Plate 34 Lao N gaew man carrying baskets, Ban Nakham, Thabok district, Plate 53 Tai Yai shop house, Huaysai town, Bokeo province
Vientiane prefecture Plate 54 Elderly Tai Yai woman, Huaysai town, Bokeo province
Plate 35 Phuan house, Ban Natan, Yang Vieg district, Vientiane prefecture ·Plate 55 Tai Yai woman, Huaysai town, Bokeo province
Plate 36 Phuan man, Ban Natan, Yang Vieg district, Vientiane prefecture Plate 56 Tai Khoen village, Ban Nam Guang, Huaysai district, Bokeo
Plate 37 Phuan couple in traditional costume, Phousavan district, Xiang province
Khoang province Plate 57 Tai Khoen house, Ban Nam Guang, Huaysai district, Bokeo
Plate 38 Lue temple, Muang Sing town, Luang Nam Tha province province
Plate 39 Buddha image inside Lue temple, Muang Sing town, Luang Plate 58 Elderly Tai Khoen woman lying on the floor, Ban Nam Guang,
Nam Tha province Huaysai district, Bokeo province
Plate 40 Lue mural painter, Muang Sing town, Luang Nam Tha Plate 59 Tai Khoen man, Ban Nam Guang, Huaysai district, Bokeo
province province
Plate 41 Lue house, Muang Sing district, Luang Nam Tha province Plate 60 Tai Khoen women in traditional dress, Ban Nam Guang,
Plate 42 Lue peasant on buffalo cart, Muang Sing town, Luang Nam Huaysai district, Bokeo province
Tha province Plate 61 Phu Tai house, Ban Song Muang Tai, Thakhek district,
Plate 43 Lue girl in traditional dress, Ban Phanom, Luang Prabang Khammuan province
district, Luang Prabang province Plate 62 Phu Tai woman, Ban Song Muang Tai, Thakhek district,
Plate 44 Elderly Lue woman, Ban Khang, Namo district, Udomsai Khammuan province
province Plate 63 Phu Tai girl in traditional costume, Ban Song Muang Tai,
Plate 45 Lue woman spinning, Ban Khang, Namo district, Udomsai Thakhek district, Khammuan province
province Plate 64 Tai Gapong houses, Ban Nahuong, Nape district, Bolikhamsai
Plate 46 Lue woman weaving, Ban Phanom, Luang Prabang district, province
Luang Prabang province Plate 65 Tai Gapong boy, Ban Nahuong, Nape district, Bolikhamsai
Plate 47 Yuan house, Ban Namon Yai, Kasi district, Vientiane province province
Plate 48 Yuan woman carrying baskets, Ban Namon Yai, Kasi district, Plate 66 Tai Gapong woman in traditional dress, Ban Nahuong, Nape
Vientiane province district, Bolikhamsai province
Plate 49 Yuan woman in traditional costume, Ban Namon Yai, Kasi Plate 67 Tai Wang house, Ban Na Salo, Viraburi district, Savannakhet
district, Vientiane province province
Plate 50 Kalom house, Ban Korn, Nam Tha district, Luang Nam Tha Plate 68 Tai Wang man, Ban Na Salo, Viraburi district, Savannakhet
province province
Plate 51 Kalom man drying coffee beans, Nam Tha district, Luang Plate 69 Tai Wang woman, Ban Na Salo, Viraburi district, Savannakhet
Nam Tha province province
Plate 52 Kalom girl in traditional costume, N am Tha district, Luang Plate 70 Tai Dam house, Ban Thung Om, Nam Tha district, Luang
Nam Tha province Nam Tha province
X xi
Plate 71 Buffaloes under Tai Dam house, Ban Thung Om, Nam Tha Plate 89 Oldtimer truck still in use in Giay village, Ban Ay, Nama
district, Luang Nam Tha province district, Udomsai province
Plate 72 Tai Dam in traditional dress, Ban Thung Om, Nam Tha Plate 90 Giay woman preparing food, Ban Ay, Namo district, Udomsai
district, Luang Nam Tha province province
Plate 73 Tai Dam women in the center of Muang Sing town, Luang Plate 91 Elderly Giay woman, Ban Ay, Nama district, Udomsai
Nam Tha province province
Plate 74 Tai Dam girl at the loom, Ban Hotai, Nama district, Udomsai Plate 92 Giay woman spinning, Ban Ay, Namo district, Udomsai
province province
Plate 75 Tai Dam boy, Ban Thung Om, Nam Tha district, Luang Nam Plate 93 Giay girl in traditional dress, Ban Ay, Nama district, Udomsai
Tha province province
Plate 76 Tai Khao house, Ban Hua Khua, Luong district, Luang Nam Plate 94 Seak houses, Ban Thakhae, Thakhek district, Khammuan
Tha province
province
Plate 77 Tai Khao woman, Ban Hua Khua, Luong district, Luang Nam
Plate 95 Young Seak girl, Ban Thakhae, Thakhek district, Khammuan
Tha province
province
Plate 78 Tai Khao woman, Ban Hua Khua, Luong district, Luang Nam
Plate 96 Elderly Seak woman, Ban Thakhae, Thakhek district,
Tha province
Khammuan province
Plate 79 Tai Deng house, Sam Nua district, Hua Phan province
Plate 97 Tai Yor house, Ban Na Born, Hin Boun district, Khammuan
Plate 80 Tai Deng kitchen, Sam Nua district, Hua Phan province
province
Plate 81 Tai Deng grandmother inside her house, Sam Nua district,
Plate 98 Young Tai Yor girl, Ban Na Born, Hin Boun district,
Hua Phan province
Khammuan province
Plate 82 Tai Deng woman in modern styled costume, Sam Nua district,
Plate 99 Tai Yor woman in traditional dress, Ban Na Born, Hin Boun
Hua Phan province
district, Khammuan province
Plate 83 Elderly Tai Deng woman in conventional traditional costume,
Plate 100 Yay boys, Ban Khone Kene, Nakai district, Khammuan
Sam Nua district, Hua Phan province
province
Plate 84 Tai Deng woman winnowing rice, Sam Nua district, Hua
Plate 101 Young Yoy girl, Ban Khone Kene, Nakai district, Khamm"uan
Phan province
province
Plate 85 Tai Deng girl with firewood, Sam Nua district, Hua Phan
province Plate 102 Yay mother with child, Ban Khone Kene, Nakai district,
Plate 86 Tai Deng spinning wheel and basket, Sam Nua district, Hua Khammuan province
Phan province Plate 103 Tai Mene boat at the Nam Theun, Ban Kadok, Khamkeut
Plate 87 Tai Deng bamboo cradle, Sam Nua district, Hua Phan district, Bolikhamsai province
province Plate 104 Tai Mene houses, Ban Kadok, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
Plate 88 Giay house, Ban Ay, Nama district, Udomsai province province
xii Xlll
Plate I 05 Tai Mene house interior, Ban Kadok, Khamkeut district, Plate 121 Tai Oh boy, Ban Khamkeut, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 106 Tai Mene girl, Ban Kadok, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 122 Tai Oh woman, Ban Khamkeut, Khamkeut district,
province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 107 Young Tai Mene woman, Ban Kadok, Khamkeut district, Plate 123 Tai Oh delicacy, Ban Khamkeut, Khamkeut district,
Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 108 Tai Meuy houses, Ban Huay Ohr, Khamkeut district, Plate 124 Nam Kading in front ofTai E village, Ban Pak Poug,
Bolikhamsai province Pakkading district, Bolikhamsai province
Plate 109 Tai Meuy house interior, Ban Huay Ohr, Khamkeut district, Plate 125 Tai E house, Ban Lac Sao, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 110 Tai Meuy father, Ban Huay Ohr, Khamkeut district, Plate 126 Tai E chicken house, Ban Lac Sao, Khamkeut district,
Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate Ill Tai Meuy mother, Ban Huay Ohr, Khamkeut district, Plate 127 Tai E cooking utensils, Ban Lac Sao, Khamkeut district,
Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 112 Young Tai Meuy woman in traditional costume, Ban Huay Plate 128 Tai E woman, Ban Pak Poug, Pakkading district, Bolikhamsai
Ohr, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 113 Tai Meuy jar for keeping rice whisky, Ban Huay Ohr, Plate 129 Tai E woman taking a bath, Ban Pak Poug, Pakkading district,
Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 114 Boat trip on the Nam Nhuong to a Pao village, Khamkeut Plate 130 Tai Khang house interior, Ban Sopkat, Khamkeut district,
district, Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 115 Tai Pao houses, Ban Tha Sala, Khamkeut district, Plate 131 Tai Khang boy, Ban Sopkat, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 116 Tai Pao family, Ban Tha Sala, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 132 Tai Khang woman, Ban Sopkat, Khamkeut district,
province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 117 Elderly Tai Pao man, Ban Tha Sala, Khamkeut district, Plate 133 Tai Guan house, Ban Guan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 118 Tai Pao loom, Ban Tha Sala, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 134 Tai Guan mother, Ban Guan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
province province
Plate 119 Tai Oh house, Ban Khamkeut, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 135 Tai Guan girl, Ban Guan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
province province
Plate 120 Tai Oh wat, Ban Khamkeut, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 136 Tai Pun houses, Ban Guan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai
province province
xiv XV
Plate 137 Tai Pun mothers, Ban Guan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 153 Tai Then loom, Ban Nape, Nape district, Bolikhamsai
province province
Plate 138 Tai Air house, Ban Phon Tan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai 'Plate 154 Silver ingot in Tai Then possession, Ban Nape, Nape district,
province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 139 Tai Air girls, Ban Phon Tan, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai Plate 155 Tai Pouark house, Ban Phon Kam, Khamkeut district,
province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 140 Young Tai Air woman with back-basket, Ban Phon Tan, Plate 156 Tai Pouark mother, Ban Phon Kam, Khamkeut district,
Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai province Bolikhamsai province
Plate 141 Tai Senkap houses, Ban Chom Tong, Khamkeut district, Plate 157 Elderly Tai Pouark woman in traditional dress, Ban Phon
Bolikhamsai province Kam, Khamkeut district, Bolikhamsai province
Plate 142 Tai Senkap man, Ban Chom Tong, Khamkeut district, Plate 158 Tai Sam house, Ban Thong, Nakai district, Khammuan
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 143 Elderly Tai Senkap woman, Ban Chom Tong, Khamkeut Plate 159 Tai Sam girl bathing, Ban Thong, Nakai district, Khammuan
district, Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 144 Buffalo under Tai Yuang house, Ban Phonlong, Khamkeut Plate 160 Tai Sam woman in festive outfit, Ban Thong, Nakai district,
district, Bolikhamsai province Khammuan province
Plate 145 Tai Yuang children, Ban Phonlong, Kha:mkeut district, Plate 161 Tai Nua woman winding yarn, Ban Houay Pamon, Yang
Bolikhamsai province Vieng district, Vientiane province
Plate 146 Tai Yuang woman, Ban Phonlong, Khamkeut district, Plate 162 Tai Nua woman weaving at the loom, Ban Houay Pamon,
Bolikhamsai province Yang Vieng district, Vientiane province
Plate 14 7 Tai Chiangki house, Ban Saen Si, Khamkeut district, Plate 163 Elderly Tai Nua, Muang Sing district, Luang N am Tha
Bolikhamsai province province
Plate 148 Tai Chiangki mother, Ban Saen Si, Khamkeut district, Plate 164 Water buffaloes near a Tai Nua village taking a rest in the
Bolikhamsai province mud, Yang Vieng district, Vientiane province
Plate 149 Tai Chiangki children, Ban Saen Si, Khamkeut district, Plate 165 Tai Nua woman taking a shower, Yang Vieng district,
Bolikhamsai province Vientiane province ·
Plate 150 Tai Then house, Ban Nape, Nape district, Bolikhamsai Plate 166 Tai Nua boy taking a shower, Vang Vi eng district, Vientiane
province province
Plate 151 Tai Then house interior, Ban Nape, Nape district, Bolikhamsai Plate 167 Sunset opposite Tai Souei village, Ban Saeng Sawang, Yang
province Vi eng district, Vientiane province
Plate 152 Tai Then woman in traditional costume, Ban Nape, Nape Plate 168 Tai Souei man, Ban Saeng Sawang, Yang Vieng district,
district, Bolikhamsai province Vientiane province
XVI XVI!
Plate 169 Tai Souei girl in traditional dress, Ban Saeng Sawang, Vang Plate 188 Young Hmong Khao man carrying firewood, Ban Jumjuck,
Vi eng district, Vientiane province Huaysai district, Bokeo province
Plate 17 0 Tai Porong house, Ban Sang, Kasi district, Vientiane province ·Plate 189 Hmong Khao boy, Ban Som Sonuk, Vang Vi eng district,
Plate 171 Tai Porong girl, Ban Sang, Kasi district, Vientiane province Vientiane province
Plate 172 Tai Porong woman with back-basket, Ban Sang, Kasi district, Plate 190 Blind Hmong Khao woman, Ban Som Sonuk, Vang Vieng
Vientiane province district, Vientiane province
Plate 173 Tai Add man, Ban Thieng, Kasi district, Vientiane province Plate 191 Hmong Khao mother, Phon Hong district, Vientiane province
Plate 174 Tai Add woman, Ban Thieng, Kasi district, Vientiane province Plate 192 Hmong Khao opium smoker, Phon Hong district, Vientiane
Plate 175 Tai Add child, Ban Thieng, Kasi district, Vientiane province province
Plate 176 Elderly Tai Add woman, Ban Thieng, Kasi district, Vientiane Plate 193 Hmong Khao opium addict, Vang Vieng district, Vientiane
province province
Plate 177 Tai Poua house, Ban Koua Phon, Vang Vieng district, Plate 194 Hmong Khao woman binding grass, Luang Prabang district,
Vientiane province Plate 195 Hmong Khao girl in festive costume, Phon Hong district,
Plate 178 Tai Poua woman, Ban Koua Phon, Vang Vieng district, Vientiane province
Vientiane province Plate 196 Hmong Lay woman in festive dress, Ban Guleng, Namo
Plate 179 Tai Poua man, Ban Koua Phon, Vang Vieng district, Vientiane district, Udomsai province
province Plate 197 Hmong Lay girls in festive outfit, Xaithany district, Vientiane
Plate 180 Tai Gangpanong girl with water bamboo tubes, Ban Nakai, prefecture
Nakai district, Khammuan province Plate 198 Hmong Khao with Stripes couple, Ban Phon Keo, Vang Vieng
Plate 181 Tai Gangpanong women preparing betel, Ban Nakai, Nakai district, Vientiane province
district, Khammuan province Plate 199 Young Hmong Khao boy, Xaithany district, Vientiane
Plate 182 Tai Gangpanong girl, Ban Nakai, Nakai district, Khammuan prefecture
province Plate 200 Hmong Khao girls playing ball, Ban Som Sonuk, Vang Vi eng
Plate 183 Tai Gangpanong woman, Ban Nakai, Nakai district, district, Vientiane province
Khammuan province Plate 201 Mien house, Phiang district, Sayaburi province
Plate 184 Hmong Khao village, Phon Hong district, Vientiane province Plate 202 Mien hunter, Phiang district, Sayaburi province
Plate 185 Hmong Khao village street, Phon Hong district, Vientiane Plate 203 Young and old Mien people in traditional costumes, Vang
province Vi eng district, Vientiane province
Plate 186 Hmong Khao house, Ban Jumjuck, Huaysai district, Bokeo Plate 204 Lanten house, Ban Nam Lue, Nam Tha district, Luang Nam
province Tha province
Plate 187 Hmong Lay grinding stone, Ban Guleng, Namo district, Plate 205 Lanten women at lunch, Ban Nam Lue, Nam Tha district,
U domsai province Luang Nam Tha province
XVlll xix