Ethnic Conflict in Asymmetric Federations: Comparative Experience of the Former Soviet and Yugoslav Regions PDF
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Ethnic Conflict in Asymmetric Federations In the last years of their existence, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) found them- selves facing a similar and very grim state of affairs. After their disintegration, the former Yugoslav republics spiralled into a set of ethnic conflicts that did not leave a single one of them unscathed, and in the ex- Soviet space, conflicts were far more limited. This book offers an in-d epth analysis of the difference in state collapses and ensuing conflicts in the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia by focusing on their asym- metric ethnofederal structure and the different dynamics of ethnic mobilization that the federal units experienced. Moreover, it explores the links between iden- tity politics and international relations, as the latter has been a latecomer in research on ethnonationalism and ethnic conflict. Finally, it contributes to the literature on the democratization- conflict nexus by proposing that the sequencing of ethnic mobilization and political liberalization has significant effects on the likelihood of conflict. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of Post- Soviet pol- itics, Balkan politics, ethnic conflict, peace and conflict studies, federalism, and more broadly to comparative politics and international relations. Gorana Grgić is Lecturer in US Politics and Foreign Policy in the United States Studies Centre at the University of Sydney, Australia. Routledge Studies in Federalism and Decentralization Series Editors: Paolo Dardanelli Centre for Federal Studies, University of Kent, UK and John Kincaid Lafayette College, USA The series publishes outstanding scholarship on federalism and decentralization, defined broadly, and is open to theoretical, empirical, philosophical and histor- ical works. The series includes two types of work: first, it features research mon- ographs that are substantially based on primary research and make a significant original contribution to their field. Second, it contains works that address key issues of policy- relevant interest or summarize the research literature and provide a broad comparative coverage. 1 Presidents, Governors, and the 3 Ethnic Conflict in Asymmetric Politics of Distribution in Federations Federal Democracies Comparative Experience of the Primus Contra Pares in Argentina Former Soviet and Yugoslav and Brazil Regions Lucas I. González Gorana Grgić 2 Consolidation Policies in Federal States Conflicts and Solutions Dietmar Braun, Christian Ruiz- Palmero and Johanna Schnabel Formerly Routledge Series in Federal Studies, edited by Michael Burgess and Paolo Dardanelli, Centre for Federal Studies, University of Kent, UK. This series brought together some of the foremost academics and theorists to examine the timely subject of regional and federal studies, which since the mid- 1980s became key questions in political analysis and practice. Minority Nations in Multinational Comparative Federalism and Federations Intergovernmental Agreements A comparative study of Quebec and Analyzing Australia, Canada, Wallonia Germany, South Africa, Switzerland Edited by Min Reuchamps and the United States Jeffrey Parker Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Region, State and Identity in Ethiopia Central and Eastern Europe A Comparative Regional Study Edited by Kataryna Wolczuk and Asnake Kefale Judy Batt Federal Democracies Local Power, Territory and Edited by Michael Burgess and Institutions in European Alain- G. Gagnon Metropolitan Regions In search of Urban Gargantuas The Case for Multinational Edited by Bernard Jouve and Federalism Christian Lefevre Beyond the All-e ncompassing Nation Alain- G. 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Ferran Requejo Edited by Charlie Jeffery Regional Interests in Europe The Political Economy of Edited by Jörg Mathias Regionalism Edited by Michael Keating and New Borders for a Changing John Loughlin Europe Cross- border cooperation and governance The Territorial Management of Edited by James Anderson, Ethnic Conflict, 2nd edition Liam O’Dowd and Thomas M. Wilson Edited by John Coakley Protecting the Periphery The End of the French Unitary Environmental policy in peripheral State? regions of the European Union Edited by John Loughlin and Edited by Susan Baker, Kay Milton Sonia Mazey and Steven Yearly Ethnic Conflict in Asymmetric Federations Comparative Experience of the Former Soviet and Yugoslav Regions Gorana Grgić First published 2017 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2017 Gorana Grgić The right of Gorana Grgić to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN: 978-1-138-68242-9 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-54516-5 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear For my mum and best friend – this would have been impossible without her unconditional love and immeasurable support Contents List of figures x List of tables xi Acknowledgements xiii List of abbreviations xvi PART I Introduction 3 PART II 1 Dynamics of ethnonationalist mobilization and occurrence of conflicts in asymmetric federations 13 2 USSR and SFRY – sources of war and peace in asymmetric ethnofederations 42 PART III 3 Russia and Serbia – the core as the key 91 4 The Periphery I – early to rise, early to fight? 130 5 The Periphery II – mobilizational laggards and interethnic conflicts 181 6 The Periphery III – the conflict near misses 224 PART IV Conclusion 255 Index 264
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