1 ISBN 978-2-88931-165-1 EDUCATION ETHICS The 26th ICDE D IV ETHICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION YA S IN W orld Confe rence G H VALUES-DRIVEN LEADERS FOR THE FUTURE / C H R The values and virtues practised in universities heavily influence the leaders of IS T O P Growing capacities for sustainable the future, but outside the limelight of excelling education institutions there H S T Ü is a concerning violation of good practises and rise in unethical behaviour. CK distance e-learning provision E L This book offers diverse insights from 19 different authors, writing from eight BE R G E countries in five continents, providing explanations and recommendations for R Pre-conference workshops: 13 October 2015 the ethical crisis present around the world which can be mitigated by suitable Conference: 14 - 16 October 2015 education in ethics, particularly in higher education institutions. E T H I Sun City, South Africa C S I N DIVYA SINGH H I G holds an LL D, a Master in Tertiary Education Managment H E and is an admitted Advocate of the High Court of South R E Africa and vice Principal Advisory and Assurance Service D U at the University of South Africa, where she introduced C A ETHICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION the Institutional Ethics Office. T I 1 O N CHRISTOPH STÜCKELBERGER VALUES-DRIVEN LEADERS FOR THE FUTURE is the Founder and President of Globethics.net Foundation in Geneva, Switzerland. He is Prof. em. at the University of Basel and visiting Professor for Ethics at the Moscow Engineering DIVYA SINGH / CHRISTOPH STÜCKELBERGER (editors) Institute in Russia, the Kingdom Business College in Beijing, China, and the Godfrey Okoye University in Enugu/Nigeria. Ethics in Higher Education Values-driven Leaders for the Future Ethics in Higher Education Values-driven Leaders for the Future Divya Singh / Christoph Stückelberger (Eds.) Globethics.net Education Ethics No. 1 Globethics.net Education Ethics Series Editors: Divya Singh, Director of Globethics.net Southern Africa. Vice Principal University of South Africa, South Africa. Christoph Stueckelberger, President and Founder of Globethics.net, Executive Director of Geneva Agape Foundation GAF, Professor of Ethics in Moscow/Russia, Enugu/Nigeria, Beijing/China. Director: Obiora Ike, Executive Director of Globethics.net in Geneva and Professor of Ethics at the Godfrey Okoye University Enugu/Nigeria. Globethics.net Education Ethics 1 Divya Singh / Christoph Stückelberger (Eds.), Ethics in Higher Education Values-driven Leaders for the Future Geneva: Globethics.net, 2017 ISBN 978-2-88931-164-4 (online version) ISBN 978-2-88931-165-1 (print version) © 2017 Globethics.net Acknowledgements to Unisa for permitting the 2015 ICDE World Conference logo to be used on the front cover of the book. 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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................... 13 SECTION 1: Values in Higher Education 1 Ethics in Higher Education as a Tool for Discovering Our Ultimate Destiny ................................................................ 17 Obiora Ike 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................. 17 1.2 Ethics Matters .......................................................................... 20 1.3 Defining Education in Context ................................................ 22 1.4 Change Process that Leads to Transformation ........................ 24 1.5 Quality and Management of Ethics Education in Higher and Secondary Learning ................................................................ 27 1.6 Conclusion – The Normative Values of Ethics ....................... 28 2 The Significant Role of Higher Education in Developing a Global Ethical Culture ........................................................... 31 Christoph Stückelberger 2.1 Scandals Destroy Reputation and Capital ................................ 31 2.2 The Decline of Trust: Tasks for Leadership and Governance in Higher Education ............................................ 32 2.3 Why a Global and Contextual Ethical Culture is Needed ........ 34 2.4 Why a Specific Role for Higher Education? ........................... 35 2.5 Reasons for and the Effects of Ethical Challenges in Higher Education ....................................................................... 37 2.6 Which are the Values for a Global Ethical Culture?................ 39 2.7 Which Virtues for a Global Ethical Culture? .......................... 41 2.8 Strengthening the Ethical Culture of Higher Education: Eight Recommendations ............................................................... 42 2.9 Conclusion ............................................................................... 51 3 Harmony as the Horizon of Higher Education .................... 53 Paulachan Kochappilly 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................. 53 3.2 Discussion ............................................................................... 54 3.3 Conclusion ............................................................................... 62 4 The Relationship between the Sustainable Development Goals and the Role of Higher Education Institutions: A South African Perspective ..................................................... 65 Avani Singh 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................. 65 4.2 The Legal Framework for the Right to Higher Education ....... 69 4.3 The Role of Higher Education Institutions .............................. 73 4.4 A Transformative Agenda ....................................................... 77 5 Universities, Cultural Diversity and Global Ethics: Opportunities for Moral Leadership ....................................... 79 Martin Prozesky 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................. 79 5.2 The Global Ethics Movement .................................................. 80 5.3 Universities, Cultural Diversity and Inclusivity ...................... 84 5.4 Practical Considerations for Universities ................................ 86 5.5 Chapter References ................................................................. 89 6 Infusing Ethics into Everyday Practice in Higher Education .................................................................. 91 EM Lemmer 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................. 91 6.2 Ethics in the Current Context of the University ...................... 92 6.3 Ethics and the University: the Educator’s Multiple Roles ....... 95 6.4 Concluding Comments ............................................................ 96 6.5 Chapter References .................................................................. 97 SECTION 2: Responsible Leadership 7 Responding to the Challenges of Gendered Career Aspirations: Responsible Academic Leadership in Support of the Golden Triad of Access, Equity and Justice ............... 103 Divya Singh 7.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 103 7.2 The Research Survey ............................................................. 105 7.3 Discussion ............................................................................. 109 7.4 Recommendations ................................................................. 115 7.5 Conclusion ............................................................................. 120 7.6 Chapter References ................................................................ 120 8 Change Leadership, Ethics and the Future of Higher Education ................................................................ 123 Maxim Jean-Louis 8.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 123 8.2 The Ethics of Change Leadership .......................................... 125 8.3 Managing Change .................................................................. 128 8.4 Conclusion ............................................................................. 130 8.5 Chapter References ................................................................ 131 9 Leadership and Ethics in Higher Education: Some Perspectives from Experience ...................................... 133 N. Barney Pityana 9.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 133 9.2 Discussion ............................................................................. 134 9.3 Conclusion ............................................................................. 160 10 Leadership and Epistemological Responsibility in African Universities in the 21st Century ............................ 163 Catherine A. Odora-Hoppers 10.1 Introduction: Eurocentric Thought and “Otherness” ........... 163 10.2 Inwards to Outwards: What has this Meant for Strategies for Leadership in Africa? ...................................... 165 10.3 Implications for Policy and Institutions for the IKS Initiative in South Africa ............................................................. 171 10.4 What this Effort Enables in Scholarly Terms ...................... 174 10.5 Facing the Public Policy and the Academic System ........... 175 10.6 Confronting the Epistemological Irresponsibility ............... 178 10.7 Conclusion ........................................................................... 181 10.8 Chapter References.............................................................. 183 11 Ethical Leadership in Higher Education in the Era of Complexity ......................................................... 187 Narend Baijnath 11.1 Introduction ......................................................................... 187 11.2 A Context of Perpetual Change ........................................... 191 11.3 University Leadership in the Era of Complexity ................. 197 11.4 Ethical Leadership in the Era of Complexity ...................... 200 11.5 Conclusion ........................................................................... 203 11.6 Chapter References.............................................................. 204 SECTION 3: Ethical Topics in Higher Education 12 Governance for Sustainability in Higher Education ....... 217 Heather Davis and Leo Goedegebuure 12.1 Discussion ........................................................................... 217 12.2 Case Study: Testing a Corporate Sustainability Development Model (CSDM) in Australian Universities ........... 221 12.3 Conclusion ........................................................................... 225 12.4 Chapter References .............................................................. 227 13 Building up a Research Ethics System: Experience of a Teaching University ..................................... 231 Kam Cheong Li and Billy T. M. Wong 13.1 Overview ............................................................................. 231 13.2 Research Capacity Development of a Teaching University 232 13.3 Building up a Research Ethics System ................................ 233 13.4 Tackling Emerging Challenges ........................................... 237 13.5 Summary ............................................................................. 239 13.6 Chapter References .............................................................. 240 14 Nowhere to Hide? Ethical Social Media Use in Higher Education Institutions ............................................................. 245 Jeanette C. Botha 14.1 The Social Media Context in South Africa .......................... 245 14.2 The Higher Education Response ......................................... 251 14.3 Looking Ahead: The Ethical Use of Social Media .............. 254 14.4 Conclusion ........................................................................... 256 14.5 Chapter References .............................................................. 257