Ethical, Ethological and Legal Aspects of Intensive Farm Animal Management PDF
Preview Ethical, Ethological and Legal Aspects of Intensive Farm Animal Management
Bereich und Zielsetzung Aims and scope Jede Tierart, auch die der Haustiere, befindet Each animal species, including domestic ani sich in ihrer Entstehungsgeschichte in einer mals, develops in the course of its evolution a sie formenden Wechselbeziehung zu ihrer na reciprocal relationship to every aspect of the heren und weiteren, belebten und unbelebten environment. This adaption is so slow that Umgebung. Dieser Prozess der Anpassung compared with a human lifetime it seems to be verlauft so Iangsam, dass er uns in der Zeit static. As a result of this action single animals spanne unseres Lebens als statisch vorkom show manifold behaviour pattern towards men muss. Die einzelnen Tiere haben vielfalti their companions and towards the creatures ge Verhaltensformen zu ihren Artgenossen and plants of their environment. This con und zu den tierischen und pflanzlichen Lebe stant readiness and capability to adapt to ever wesen der Umgebung ausgebildet. Diese stan changing surroundings, the various limits of dige, mit den nati.irlichen Umgebungsbedin physiological and ethological adaption, allows gungen wechselnde Bereitschaft und Fahig forms of animal management which are eco keit des Organismus, sich auf die fliessenden logically balanced and adequate to animal re Veranderungen der Biosphare einzustellen, al quirements.These aspects, which are of far so die engeren und weiteren Grenzen des phy wider interest than those of production and siologischen und ethologischen Anpassungs revenue, are to be investigated extensively. bereiches, lassen Haltungsformen ZU, die oko logisch sinnvoll und tiergerecht sind. Diese Animals are autonomous creatures, even if weit i.iber die ausschliesslichen Nutzungs- they depend on human beings. We share and und Produktionseigenschaften hinausgehen depend on the biosphere with the animals and den Aspekte wollen wir umfassender und ver this compels us to responsibility. This ever tieft kennenlernen. changing, living relationship of humans and animals is the basis for our respect of our ani Auch die vom Menschen in Abhangigkeit ste mal cohabitants. henden Tiere sind eigenstandige Lebewesen. Die Verantwortung des Menschenbegri.indet There is a need for test conclusions in the sich aus der Tatsache, mit dem Tier in dersel field of ecology, ethology and health. This col ben Biosphare zu Ieben und wie das Tier von lected information is intended to serve as a ihr abhangig zu sein. Aus diesem lebendigen, reference and basis for the realization of eco veranderlichen Verhaltnis des Menschen zum logically sound animal management based on Tier ergibt sich notwendig eine Basis der Re the animals' requirements. spektierung und Achtung unserer tierischen Partner. This series and it's sources of information are intended to be a symposium for the many dif Es besteht ein Bedi.irfnis fi.ir Forschungsergeb ferent disciplines and professions dealing nisse auf dem okologisch-ethologischen und with animal management. gesundheitlichen Gebiet. Diese sollen gesam melt als breite lnformationsbasis dienen und The series offers space for well-founded test die Voraussetzung zum Aufbau und zur Reali conclusions and critical discussions. sierung von okologisch sinnvollen und tier entsprechenden Haltungsformen bilden. Diese Reihe hat als lnformationsquelle Bri.ik kenfunktion zwischen den verschiedenen an der gesunden Tierhaltung beteiligten Diszipli nen und Berufsgruppen. Die Reihe bietet Raum fi.ir fundierte Versuchs und Untersuchungsergebnisse und darauf fus sende kritisch diskutierte Oberlegungen. TH18 Tierhaltung, Band 18 Animal Management, Vol. 18 Herausgegeben von/Edited by Dr. D. W. Folsch lost. fiir Nutztierwissenschaften Physiologie und Hygiene ETH CH-8092 Zurich Wissenschaftlicher Beirat!Scientific Board W. Angst, Basel, CH P. Leloup, Aesch, CH H. Bach, Linz, A J. B. Ludvigsen, Kopenhagen, DK H. Bartussek, Irdning, A H. Mommsen, Frankfurt, D M.A. S. Bates, Stamford, GB J. F. Obermaier, Darmstadt, D G. C. Brantas, Beekbergen, NL G. Preuschen, Scherneck, D H. Bruhin, Basel, CH H. Rehm, Mayen, D 0. Buess, Sissach, CH J. Cl. Ruwet, Liege, B M. Cena, Wroclaw, PL H. H. Sambraus, Miinchen, D G. Claerr, Strassburg, F H. Schaefer, Heidelberg, D D.J. Coffey, Claygate, GB M. W. Schein, Morgantown, W.VA., USA M.A. Crawford, London, GB P.M. Schenk, Wageningen, NL J. Czak6, Gi:idi:illi:i, H E. Scheurmann, Giessen, D W. Dietl, Ziirich, CH W. M. Schleidt, College Park, M. D., USA I. Ekesbo, Skara, S U. Schnitzer, Karlsruhe, D Y. Espmark, Trondheim, N G. H. Schwabe, Pion, D R. Ewbank, Liverpool, GB D. Senn, Basel, CH M. W. Fox, Washington, D. C., USA P. B. Siegel, Blacksburg, VA., USA A. Gigon, Ziirich, CH E. Stephan, Hannover, D G. Graefe, Donnerskirchen, A G. Tembrock, Berlin, DDR A. Grauvogl, Grub, D E. Trumler, Birken-Konigsessen, D W. Groth, Freising, D B. Tschanz, Bern, CH P. Gutknecht, Miilhausen, F H. Vogtmann, Witzenhausen, D J. C. Guyomarc'h, Rennes, F H. Wackernagel, Basel, CH W. Herre, Kiel, D R. G. Warner, Ithaca, N.Y., USA J. Hess, Basel, CH U. Weidmann, Leicester, GB J. K. Hinrichsen, Giessen, D W. H. Weihe, Ziirich, CH R. J. Holmes, Palmerston North, NZ P.R. Wiepkema, Wageningen, NL B. 0. Hughes, Edinburgh, GB E. Wolff, DUsseldorf, D J. F. Hurnik, Guelph, CND K. Zeeb, Freiburg, D M. Kiley-Worthington, Brighton, GB E. Zimen, Waldhauser, D F. Kovacs, Budapest, H V. Ziswiler, Ziirich, CH W. Kiihnelt, Wien, A Springer Basel AG E. von Loeper, G. Martin, J. Mtillert, A. Nabholz, G. van Putten, H. H. Sambraus, G. M. Teutsch, J. Troxler, B. Tschanz Ethical, Ethological and Legal Aspects of Intensive Farm Animal Management Springer Basel AG 1987 Acknowledgement The editor is extremely grateful to Dr. B. 0. Hughes, Edinburgh Research Station, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Research, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, for his editorial assistance with the translation. Volume Editors D. W. Folsch, Priv.-Doz. Dr. Inst. fiir Nutztierwissenschaften Physiologic und Hygiene Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) CH-8092 Zurich A. Nabholz, Prof. Dr. Innerbergstrasse 121 CH-3044 Siiriswil German language edition originally published 1985 by Birkhauser Verlag, Basel English Translation by Klaus-Peter Kitt CIP-KorZtftelaufnahme der Deutsdlen BlbUothek Ethical, ethological, and legal aspects of intensive farm animal management I B. von Loeper ••. (Tierhaltung ; Bd. 18) ISBN 978-3-7643-1930-4 ISBN 978-3-0348-6035-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-0348-6035-2 NE: Loeper, Eisenhart von [Mitverf.]; GT All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. © 1987 Springer Basel AG Originally published by Birkhliuser Verlag Basel in 1987 Umschlaggestaltung: Brockmann & Partner Basel Signete: W. Schmid, Allschwil ISBN 978-3-7643-1930-4 5 CONTENTS Authors' addresses •••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••.••••••• 6 A. Nabholz: Preface ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• 7 G. M. Teutsch: Intensive farm animal management seen from an ethical standpoint ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 B. Tschanz: Ethology and animal protection •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 41 G. Martin: Animal welfare in chicken management: obtaining knowledge and evaluating results ••••••••••••.••.•• 49 J. MUllert in cooperation with A. Nabholz, G. van Putten and H. H. Sambraus; revised by J. Troxler Animal protection regulations for pig management •••••••••••• 83 E. von Loeper: The struggle against cruel intensive animal management systems in the European Community - seen from a legal point of view •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 149 6 AUTHORS' ADDRESSES Dr. E. von Loeper Prof. Dr. Dr. H. H. Sambraus Marktstrasse 39 Lehrstuhl fur Tierzucht D-7270 Nagold D-8050 Freising-Weihenstephan Dr. phil. G. Martin Prof. Dr. G. M. Teutsch Im Wolfer 56 Lisztstrasse 5 D-7 Stuttgart 70 D-8580 Bayreuth Dr. J. Mulled Dr. med. vet. J. Troxler Dohlenweg 38 Prufstelle fur Stalleinrichtungen des Bundesamtes fur Veterinarwesen CH-3028 Spiegel/Bern c/o Eidg. Forschungsanstalt fur Betriebswirtschaft und Landtechnik Prof. Dr. A. Nabholz CH-8356 Tanikon b. Aadorf Innerbergstrasse 121 CH-3044 Sariswil/Bern Dr. G. van Putten Prof. Dr. B. Tschanz Instituut voor Veeteelkundig Universitat Bern Onderzoek "Schoonoord" Ethologische Station Hasli Driebergseweg 10d Wohlenstrasse 50a NL-3700 AM Zeist CH-3032 Hinterkappelen 7 PREFACE Prof. Dr. A. Nabholz President of the International Society for Livestock Husbandry (IGN) As early as 1979, several members of the IGN submitted papers on the ethical, legal and ethological aspects of farm animal management, with particular emphasis on layer and pig management. These were published in Volume 8 of the series "Tierhaltung/Animal Management". The aim of the authors, namely to promote on a scientific basis forms of treatment and management which are appropriate to the needs and requirements of farm animals, has been supported by the IGN since that date in several ways, for example at four conventions at which lectures were held on the results of recent research into ethological principles and applied ethology in the field of animal welfare compatible management systems; there were also reports on new management systems which allow housing of the animals in a way which takes account of their behavioural needs. Since the appearance of Volume 8, which has been out of print for several years, we have gained a great many new insights into the behavioural requirements of animals. There is also growing public interest in the way animals are treated, and in particular as regards the measures to combat their maltreatment. In the Federal Republic of Germany, a whole series of court rulings against the widespread laying batteries and the prohibition of such practices in the state of Hesse are signs of a process of reorientation towards systems of farm anima 1 management which are more in 1 i ne with the needs and requirements of the animals concerned - similar to existing systems in Switzerland - even though there are a great many battles still to be fought in this field, extending to the conflict over whether the execution of the German Animal Protection Act can be prevented by changing the animal management regulations or by means of a "European solution". In spite of this type of opposition, there is a growing conviction that a legal, ethical and etho 1o gi ca 1 consensus in favour of systems of 1 i vestock husbandry which do justice to the nature of the anima 1s must be created and such systems introduced for the sake of the animals as soon as possible. The contributions of the previous authors, of great importance in this context, have been fully revised, and are supplemented by a fundamental article by Prof. B. Tschanz, "Ethology and Animal Protection". It is to be hoped that this new volume will contribute to the general understanding of the demands which are nowadways to be made on farm animal management systems which claim to take the animals' needs into consideration, and that it wi 11 be read by the relevant authorities and organisations, as well as by veterinary doctors and others involved in day-to-day farming with the same interest as Volume 8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are extremely grateful to the authors for their painstaking revision and reformulation of contributions; we would also like to thank the publisher as well as the translators, Klaus-Peter Kitt and Anthony Tranter, and the editor of the ANIMAL MANAGEMENT series, PD Dr. D.W. Folsch, for compiling the English-language version. 9 INTENSIVE FARM ANIMAL MANAGEMENT SEEN FROM AN ETHICAL STANDPOINT G.M. Teutsch CONTENTS 1. Introductory remarks 2. The historical intellectual background of animal protection ethics 3. The conception of humaneness as the basis of modern animal protection ethics 4. Intensive farm animal management 5. The ethics of animal protection with regard to intensive farm animal management 6. Ethically founded demands on the development of farm animal management 7. Literature This article has been written with the aim of opening the way for discussion of the ethical aspects of modern farm animal management. Accordingly, the scope of the article is limited and concentrates on traditional concepts in Central Europe.
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