Essentials Of Psychoanalysis

177 Pages·1994·2.383 MB·English

by  Herbert S. Strean

ESSENTIALS OF
PSYCHOANALYSIS
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BRUNNER/MAZEL
BASIC PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE SERIES
Series Editor: Natalie H. Gilman
The Brunner/Mazel Basic Principles Into Practice Series is
designed to present—in a series of concisely written, easily under
standable volumes—the basic theory and clinical principles associ
ated with a variety of disciplines and types of therapy. These
volumes will serve not only as “refreshers” for practicing therapists,
but also as basic texts on the college and graduate level.
1. Family Therapy: Fundamentals of Theory and Practice
By William A. Griffin, Ph.D.
2. Essentials of Psychoanalysis
By Herbert S. Strean, D.S. W.
3. Understanding Mental Disorders Due to Medical Conditions or
Substance Abuse: What Every Therapist Should Know
By Ghazi Asaad, M.D.
4. Essentials of Hypnosis
By Michael D. Yapko, Ph.D.
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BRUNNER/MAZEL
BASIC PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE SERIES
VOLUME 2
ESSENTIALS OF
PSYCHOANALYSIS
HERBERT S. STREAN, D.S.W.
Brunner/Mazel, A member of the Taylor & Francis Group
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Strean, Herbert S.
Essentials of psychoanalysis / Herbert S. Strean.
p. cm.— (Brunner/Mazel basic principles into practice
series; v.2)
Includes bibliographical references and index
ISBN 0-87630-737-3
1. Psychoanalysis I. Title. II. Series: Brunner/Mazel basic
principles into practice library; v.2.
RC504.S79 1994
616.89’17—dc20
94-2891
CIP
Copyright © 1994 by Brunner/Mazel, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may
be reproduced by any process whatsoever without
the written permission of the copyright owner.
Published by
Brunner /Mazel
A member of the Taylor & Francis Group
Al Runway Road, Suite G
Levittown, PA 19057-4700
1-800-821-8312
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 32
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To the Candidates and Faculty,
present and past,
of the
New York Center for Psychoanalytic Training
In Friendship.
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CONTENTS
PREFACE ix
1. FREUD AND HIS THEORY OF
PERSONALITY 1
Freud’s Major Concepts on Personality Formation ... 7
The Structural Point of View 9
The Topographic Point of View 15
The Genetic Point of View 18
The Dynamic Point of View 21
The Economic Point of View 21
Interpersonal Interactions, Culture, and Values 22
Recommended Readings 25
2. MODIFIERS OF FREUD’S PERSONALITY
THEORY 27
Alfred Adler 27
Otto Rank 32
Carl Jung 34
Karen Horney 41
Harry Stack Sullivan 44
Wilhelm Reich 50
Heinz Hartmann 52
Anna Freud 55
Erik Erikson 59
Melanie Klein 63
Donald W. Winnicott 66
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viii Essentials of Psychoanalysis
Heinz Kohut 68
Recommended Readings 72
3. A PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE ON
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY 73
Intrapsychic Conflict 73
Roots of a Psychoneurosis 76
Psychoses, Neuroses, Character Problems,
and Other Forms of Psychopathology 77
Recommended Readings 98
4. A PSYCHOANALYTIC VIEW OF
PSYCHOTHERAPY 99
The Fundamental Rule: Free Association 100
Resistance 102
Transference 109
Counterresistance 116
Countertransference 117
Activities of the Psychoanalytically Oriented
Therapist 121
Recommended Readings 127
5. PSYCHOANALYSIS AND RESEARCH 129
Is the Research on Psychoanalytically Oriented
Treatment Valid? 130
Psychoanalysts Respond to Criticisms of Their
Research 132
Problems in Psychoanalytic Research:
A Summary 134
Recommended Reading 138
BIBLIOGRAPHY 141
INDEX 153
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PREFACE
No perspective on human behavior is as complex, contro
versial, and misunderstood as psychoanalysis. Ever since
Freud introduced psychoanalysis to the world close to a
century ago, psychoanalysis as a theory of human person
ality, a perspective on maladaptive functioning, a treat
ment technique, and a method of research has been adored
and abhorred, lauded and vilified, heavily used and fre
quently abused by both mental health professionals and
nonprofessionals.
Although there are literally thousands of books and
articles available to the psychotherapist on various aspects
of psychoanalysis as an orientation that deals with human
functioning and its treatment, there is virtually no one
book on the market that specifically focuses on the main
essentials of psychoanalytic theory and treatment. This
book is written to fill this gap in the psychotherapeutic
literature.
Regardless of the mental health practitioner’s unit of
diagnostic attention, his or her theoretical predilections, or
his or her preferred therapeutic modality, it is the thesis of
this text that all psychotherapists can profitably utilize
several psychoanalytic concepts in their assessment of
patients and their treatment of them. For example, whether
the practitioner is working with individuals, dyads, fami
lies, or groups, and regardless of the setting in which he or
she practices, every mental health professional should
understand the unconscious meaning of the patient’s prob
lems and behavior, be knowledgeable about how the
patient’s history is recapitulated in the here and now, be
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