Essential clinical anatomy

711 Pages·2015·124.17 MB·English

by  Agur

Fifth Edition
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Fifth Edition
Keith L. Moore, MSc, PhD, DSc, FIAC, FRSM, FAAA
Professor Emeritus, Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery
Former Chair of Anatomy and Associate Dean for Basic Medical Sciences
Faculty of Medicine
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Anne M.R. Agur, BSc(OT), MSc, PhD
Professor, Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine
Division of Physiatry, Department of Medicine
Department of Physical Therapy
Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy
Division of Biomedical Communications, Institute of Medical Science
Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science
Graduate Department of Dentistry
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Arthur F. Dalley II, PhD
Professor, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
Adjunct Professor, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Adjunct Professor for Anatomy
Belmont University School of Physical Therapy
Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.
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5th Edition
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Moore, Keith L., author.
Essential clinical anatomy / Keith L. Moore, Anne M.R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley II. — Fifth edition.
p. ; cm.
Parent text: Clinically oriented anatomy / Keith L. Moore, Arthur F. Dalley, Anne M.R. Agur. 7th ed. c2014.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4511-8749-6 (paperback)
I. Agur, A. M. R., author. II. Dalley, Arthur F., II, author. III. Moore, Keith L. Clinically oriented anatomy. Digest of (work): IV. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Anatomy—Handbooks. QS 39]
QM23.2
611—dc23
2013049982
DISCLAIMER
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors,
editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book
and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication.
Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments
described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.
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In Loving Memory of Marion
My best friend, wife, colleague, mother of our five children, and grandmother of our nine
grandchildren for her love, unconditional support, and understanding.
Wonderful memories keep you in our hearts and minds.
—Keith L. Moore
To my husband, Enno, and my children, Erik and Kristina,
for their support and encouragement.
—Anne M.R. Agur
To Muriel, my bride, best friend, counselor,
and mother of our sons;
and to our family—Tristan, Lana, Elijah, Finley, and Sawyer; Denver and Skyler—with
love and great appreciation for their support,
understanding, good humor, and—most of all—patience.
—Arthur F. Dalley
And with sincere appreciation for the anatomical donors
without whom our studies would not be possible.
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KEITH L. MOORE,
MSc, PhD, DSc, FIAC, FRSM, FAAA
ANNE M.R. AGUR, ARTHUR F. DALLEY II,
BSc (OT), MSc, PhD PhD
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PREFACE
Nineteen years have passed since the first edition of Essen- Life cycle icon. These blue boxes emphasize pre-
tial Clinical Anatomy was published. The main aim of the natal developmental factors that affect postnatal
fifth edition is to provide a compact yet thorough textbook anatomy and anatomical phenomena specifically
of clinical anatomy for students and practitioners in the associated with stages of life—childhood, adolescence, adult,
health care professions and related disciplines. We have and advanced age.
made the book even more student friendly. The presenta-
Trauma icon. The effect of traumatic events—
tions
such as fractures of bones or dislocations of joints—
(cid:129) Provide a basic text of human clinical anatomy for use in on normal anatomy and the clinical manifestations
current health sciences curricula and dysfunction resulting from such injuries are featured in
(cid:129) Present an appropriate amount of clinically relevant ana- these blue boxes.
tomical material in a readable and interesting form
Diagnostic procedures icon. Anatomical fea-
(cid:129) Place emphasis on clinical anatomy that is important for
tures and observations that play a role in physical
practice
diagnosis are targeted in these blue boxes.
(cid:129) Provide a concise clinically oriented anatomical overview
for clinical courses in subsequent years Surgical procedures icon. These blue boxes ad-
(cid:129) Serve as a rapid review when preparing for examinations, dress such topics as the anatomical basis of surgical
particularly those prepared by the National Board of procedures, such as the planning of incisions and
Medical Examiners the anatomical basis of regional anesthesia.
(cid:129) Offer enough information for those wishing to refresh
Pathology icon. The effect of disease on normal
their knowledge of clinical anatomy
anatomy, such as cancer of the breast, and anatomi-
This edition has been thoroughly revised, keeping in mind cal structures or principles involved in the confine-
the many invaluable comments received from students, col- ment or dissemination of disease within the body are the
leagues, and reviewers. The key features include types of topics covered in these blue boxes.
(cid:129) An extensively revised art program, giving the book an (cid:129) Surface anatomy is integrated into the chapter at the
entirely new streamlined and fresh appearance. All of time each region is being discussed to demonstrate the
the illustrations are now in full color and designed to relationship between anatomy and physical examination,
highlight important facts and show their relationship to diagnosis, and clinical procedures.
clinical medicine and surgery. Each illustration has been (cid:129) Medical images (radiographic, CT, MRI, and ultra-
reworked, whether for the seventh edition of Clinically sonography studies) have been included, often with
Oriented Anatomy (COA7) or specifically for this book, correlative illustrations. Current diagnostic imaging
to create a uniform and user-friendly product. A great ef- techniques demonstrate anatomy as it is often viewed
fort has been made to further improve clarity of labeling clinically.
and to place illustrations on the pages being viewed as the (cid:129) Case studies accompanied by clinico-anatomical problems
illustrations are cited in the text. and USMLE-style multiple-choice questions. Interactive
(cid:129) Revised text with a stronger clinical orientation case studies and multiple-choice questions are available
(cid:129) More illustrated clinical correlations, known as “blue to our readers online at http://thePoint.lww.com/ECA5e,
boxes,” have been included to help with the understand- providing a convenient and comprehensive means of self-
ing of the practical value of anatomy. In response to our testing and review.
readers’ suggestions, the blue boxes have been grouped. (cid:129) Instructor’s resources and supplemental materials,
They are also classified by the following icons to indicate including images exportable for PowerPoint presen-
the type of clinical information covered: tation, are available through http://thePoint.lww.com/
ECA5e.
Anatomical variations icon. These blue boxes
feature anatomical variations that may be en- The terminology adheres to the Terminologica Ana-
countered in the dissection lab or in practice, tomica (1998) approved by the International Federation
emphasizing the clinical importance of awareness of such of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). The official English-
variations. equivalent terms are used throughout the present edition.
vii
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viii PREFACE
When new terms are introduced, however, the Latin forms We again welcome your comments and suggestions for
as used in Europe, Asia, and other parts of the world ap- improvements in future editions.
pear in parentheses. The roots and derivation of terms
are included to help students understand the meaning of Keith L. Moore
the terminology. Eponyms, although not endorsed by the University of Toronto
IFAA, appear in parentheses to assist students during their Faculty of Medicine
clinical studies.
The parent of this book, Clinically Oriented Anatomy Anne M.R. Agur
(COA), is recommended as a resource for more detailed University of Toronto
descriptions of human anatomy and its relationship and Faculty of Medicine
importance to medicine and surgery. Essential Clinical
Anatomy, in addition to its own unique illustrations and Arthur F. Dalley II
manuscript, has utilized from the outset materials from Vanderbilt University
Clinically Oriented Anatomy and Grant’s Atlas. School of Medicine
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to thank the following colleagues who were invited Volodymyr Mavrych, MD, PhD, DSc
by the publisher to assist with the development of this fifth Professor
edition. St. Matthew’s University
Cayman Islands
List of Reviewers
Karen McLaren
Kacie Bhushan
Nova Southeastern University
Monica Oblinger, MS, PhD
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Professor
Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
Leonard J. Cleary, PhD
North Chicago, Illinois
Professor
The University of Texas Health Science Center
Onyekwere Onwumere, MA, MPhil
Medical School
Adjunct Faculty
Houston, Texas
The College of New Rochelle
New Rochelle, New York
Alan Crandall, MS
Idaho State University
Simon Parson, BSc, PhD
Pocatello, Idaho
Professor
University of Edinburgh
Bertha Escobar-Poni, MD
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda, California
Gaurav Patel
Windsor University School of Medicine
Thomas Gillingwater, PhD
Cayon, Saint Kitts
Professor of Neuroanatomy
University of Edinburgh
Ryan Splittgerber, PhD
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Assistant Professor
University of Nebraska Medical Center
William Huber, PhD
Omaha, Nebraska
Professor
St. Louis Community College at Forest Park
Christy Tomkins-Lane, PhD
St. Louis, Missouri
Assistant Professor
Mount Royal University
Lorraine Jadeski, PhD
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Associate Professor
University of Guelph
Victor Emmanuel Usen
Ontario, Canada
Medical University of Lublin
Lublin, Poland
Marta Lopez, LM, CPM, RMA
Program Coordinator/Professor
Edward Wolfe, DC
Medical Assisting Program
Instructor
Miami Dade College
Central Piedmont Community College
Miami, Florida
Charlotte, North Carolina
Yogesh Malam
Andrzej Zeglen
University College London
Lincoln Memorial University-DeBusk College of
London, United Kingdom
Osteopathic Medicine
Harrogate, Tennessee
ix
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