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ERIC ED570188: The ABCs of School Choice: The Comprehensive Guide to Every Private School Choice Program in America. 2016 Edition PDF

2016·2.3 MB·English
by  ERIC
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Preview ERIC ED570188: The ABCs of School Choice: The Comprehensive Guide to Every Private School Choice Program in America. 2016 Edition

The comprehensive guide to every private school choice program in America About the Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice The Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit and nonpartisan organization, solely dedicated to advancing Milton and Rose Friedman’s vision of school choice for all children. First established as the Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation in 1996, the Foundation promotes school choice as the most effective and equitable way to improve the quality of K–12 education in America. The Friedman Foundation is dedicated to research, education, and outreach on the vital issues and implications related to school choice. The comprehensive guide to every private school choice program in America TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ..............................................................................................................................................2 Educational Options ..........................................................................................................................3 Number of Students Receiving a Voucher, Tax-Credit Scholarship, or ESA .....................................3 Number of Currently Enacted Private School Programs by Year Launched .....................................4 Types of School Choice Programs .....................................................................................................5 School Choice Program Profiles and Color Key.................................................................................6 ALABAMA Alabama Accountability Act of 2013 Parent-Taxpayer Refundable Tax Credits ..............................7 Education Scholarship Program ........................................................................................................9 ARIZONA Original Individual Income Tax Credit Scholarship Program ...........................................................11 Low-Income Corporate Income Tax Credit Scholarship Program ...................................................13 Lexie’s Law for Disabled and Displaced Students Tax Credit Scholarship Program ......................15 Empowerment Scholarship Accounts .............................................................................................17 “Switcher” Individual Income Tax Credit Scholarship Program .....................................................19 ARKANSAS Succeed Scholarship Program for Students with Disabilities ........................................................21 COLORADO Douglas County Choice Scholarship Pilot Program ........................................................................23 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Opportunity Scholarship Program ...................................................................................................25 FLORIDA John M. McKay Scholarships for Students with Disabilities Program ..........................................27 Florida Tax Credit Scholarship Program ..........................................................................................29 Gardiner Scholarship Program ........................................................................................................31 GEORGIA Georgia Special Needs Scholarship Program .................................................................................33 Qualified Education Expense Tax Credit .........................................................................................35 ILLINOIS Tax Credits for Educational Expenses .............................................................................................37 INDIANA School Scholarship Tax Credit ........................................................................................................39 Choice Scholarship Program ...........................................................................................................41 Private School/Homeschool Deduction ..........................................................................................43 IOWA Tuition and Textbook Tax Credit ......................................................................................................45 School Tuition Organization Tax Credit ...........................................................................................47 KANSAS Tax Credit for Low Income Students Scholarship Program ............................................................49 LOUISIANA Louisiana Scholarship Program.......................................................................................................51 Elementary and Secondary School Tuition Deduction ....................................................................53 School Choice Program for Certain Students with Exceptionalities ..............................................55 Tuition Donation Rebate Program ...................................................................................................57 MAINE Town Tuitioning Program ................................................................................................................59 MINNESOTA Education Deduction .......................................................................................................................61 K–12 Education Credit ....................................................................................................................63 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) MISSISSIPPI Mississippi Dyslexia Therapy Scholarship for Students with Dyslexia Program ...........................65 Nate Rogers Scholarship for Students with Disabilities Program .................................................67 Equal Opportunity for Students with Special Needs Program .......................................................69 MONTANA Tax Credits for Contributions to Student Scholarship Organizations .............................................71 NEVADA Education Choice Scholarship Program ..........................................................................................73 Education Savings Accounts ...........................................................................................................75 NEW HAMPSHIRE Education Tax Credit Program .........................................................................................................77 NORTH CAROLINA Special Education Scholarship Grants for Children with Disabilities ............................................79 Opportunity Scholarships ................................................................................................................81 OHIO Cleveland Scholarship Program ......................................................................................................83 Autism Scholarship Program...........................................................................................................85 Educational Choice Scholarship Program .......................................................................................87 Jon Peterson Special Needs Scholarship Program ........................................................................89 Income-Based Scholarship Program ...............................................................................................91 OKLAHOMA Lindsey Nicole Henry Scholarships for Students with Disabilities ................................................93 Oklahoma Equal Opportunity Education Scholarships....................................................................95 PENNSYLVANIA Educational Improvement Tax Credit Program ................................................................................97 Opportunity Scholarship Tax Credit Program ..................................................................................99 RHODE ISLAND Tax Credits for Contributions to Scholarship Organizations .........................................................101 SOUTH CAROLINA Educational Credit for Exceptional Needs Children......................................................................103 Refundable Educational Credit for Exceptional Needs Children ..................................................105 TENNESSEE Individualized Education Account Program...................................................................................107 UTAH Carson Smith Special Needs Scholarship Program ......................................................................109 VERMONT Town Tuitioning Program ..............................................................................................................111 VIRGINIA Education Improvement Scholarships Tax Credits Program .........................................................113 WISCONSIN Milwaukee Parental Choice Program ...........................................................................................115 Parental Private School Choice Program (Racine) ........................................................................117 Parental Choice Program (Statewide) ...........................................................................................119 K–12 Private School Tuition Deduction ........................................................................................121 Special Needs Scholarship Program.............................................................................................123 Rules & Regulations......................................................................................................................125 Legal History .................................................................................................................................129 Data Sources for Program Profiles ................................................................................................134 Methodology & Data Sources for Eligibility .................................................................................135 MILTON FRIEDMAN Nobel Laureate | 1912–2006 ROSE D. FRIEDMAN Noted Economist | 1910–2009 Twenty years ago, Milton and Rose Friedman established the Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice and charged it with advancing educational freedom for all children. Their vision was that our team study and educate the public on the problems and solutions facing American K–12 education—ultimately becoming an information clearinghouse. To advance that vision, the Foundation launched The ABCs of School Choice 12 years ago. The idea was simple: put all the latest details from every school choice program in America, such as student eligibility requirements, funding amounts, and regulations, into a compact, easy-to-use publication. The response was almost instantaneous. Policymakers started carrying it around with them and referring to it in committee meetings. The media began using it to inform their coverage. Advocates requested thousands of copies to distribute to their allies. In short, The ABCs of School Choice became the go-to comprehensive guide for all things educational choice. We built on that success over the years, continuously improving what has become our flagship publication. Since its inception, we have added historical participation rates, eligibility rate estimates, average scholarship or voucher amounts, and a section where we provide feedback on how to improve each program to meet Milton Friedman’s gold standard for educational choice. The 2016 edition of The ABCs of School Choice is the best yet, not just because of the new look and the fantastic growth in the number of school choice programs, but also because it is now paired with a searchable database on our website at www.edchoice.org/dashboard. For example, if you want to look at the average scholarship amounts for all tax-credit scholarship programs, all you have to do is click and search. Or, if you want to find out how many children are eligible to participate in America’s five education savings account (ESA) programs, just sort and download. Our goal is for readers to use the information in The ABCs of School Choice and our website to compare and contrast educational choice programs and make informed decisions on how to best empower parents and students. The information is at your fingertips and ready and easy to share. We have come a long way since the Friedman Foundation’s early years, and although we still have a long way to go, universal educational choice is closer than ever. We have seen and continue to see so much growth, and every year, The ABCs of School Choice will be there to document the progress—until all parents are free to choose. Robert C. Enlow President and CEO EDUCATIONAL MAGNET SCHOOLS Number of Currently Enacted Private A magnet school is a public school that offers specialized curricula and programs not available in traditional public School Choice Programs by Year Launched OPTIONS schools. Magnets are designed to attract students with a common interest or skillset, and students must apply and be accepted to enroll. 70 PRIVATE SCHOOLS HOMESCHOOLING Private schools are educational institutions run Homeschooling is an alternative form of education for independently of the government, but with some limited children outside of public or private schools, typically MS 60 55 59 regulation. They typically charge tuition and/or receive within their own homes. Homeschooling is regulated A 50 private donations to afford their operations and services. differently from state to state. R 50 G 45 O TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS ONLINE LEARNING PR 40 37 A traditional public school is an educational institution run Online learning allows students to work with their F 32 by the government and maintained at taxpayers’ expense. curriculum and teachers over the Internet—in combination O Tgroavdeirtniomneanl tp uobffilicci aslcsh doeotles ramrein oer dgiasntrizicetd l iinnetos .districts, and wscihtho,o olsr cina np lbaec ep uobf,l itcr aodr iptiroivnaatl ec.lassroom learning. Online BER 30 22 23 25 M 20 17 19 CCexheHamrtAeprt RsfrcoThmoEo mlRsa an rySe r CiunldeHes paOenndOd reeLngtSulyl artuino npsu ibnl iec xscchhaonoglse for CCsoumUsteoS mstTiuzedOde nMletsa IrmZniignEhgt Di sm uiLxn icEqouuAer stReos Ne fvreoIrmNy cpGhuibldli.c F socrh eoxoalsm ple, NU 10 1 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11 11 13 14 increased accountability. Typically, if charters receive more with privately tutored courses at home, special education 0 applications than they have open seats, they must accept therapies, and a work-study internship. The possibilities 9 3 5 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 5 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 students based on a lottery. are endless, especially as new innovations in learning 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 continue to emerge. Number of Students Receiving a Voucher, Voucher Tax-Credit Scholarship ESA Tax-Credit Scholarship, or ESA 450,000 400,000 6,867 350,000 S T N 300,000 E 225,834 D U ST 250,000 F O R 200,000 E B M U 150,000 N 100,000 166,579 50,000 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

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