ERIC ED435211: Salary-Trend Study of Faculty in Anthropology for the Years 1995-96 and 1998-99.

20 Pages·1999·0.26 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 435 211
HE 032 429
AUTHOR
Howe, Richard D.
TITLE
Salary-Trend Study of Faculty in Anthropology for the Years
1995-96 and 1998-99.
INSTITUTION
Appalachian State Univ., Boone, NC.; College and Univ.
Personnel Association, Washington, DC.
PUB DATE
1999-00-00
NOTE
19p.; For other salary-trend studies for 1995-96 and
1998-99, see HE 032 427-479.
PUB TYPE
Reports
Research (143)
EDRS PRICE
MF01/PC01 Plus Postage.
DESCRIPTORS
*Anthropology; *College Faculty; Comparative Analysis;
Higher Education; Intellectual Disciplines; *Private
Colleges; Promotion (Occupational); *Public Colleges;
Statistical Data; *Teacher Salaries; Trend Analysis
IDENTIFIERS
*Classification of Instructional Programs
ABSTRACT
This study examined salary data for 1,917 college faculty in
the field of anthropology for both public and private institutions for the
years 1995-1996 and 1998-1999. The study reflects data from the 279 public
and 386 private institutions that participated in both study years. The study
found that the average faculty salary in anthropology for public institutions
was 0.8 percent higher than the average salary for faculty in all major
fields in 1995-1996 and 0.01 percent higher than the average salary for
faculty in all major fields in 1998-1999. It was also found that the average
faculty salary in anthropology for private institutions was 8.8 percent
higher than the average salary for faculty in all major fields in 1995-1996
and 4.6 percent higher than the average salary for faculty in all major
fields in 1998-1999. For the study period, anthropology faculty in public and
private institutions received average annual salary increases of 0.8 percent
and 0.5 percent, respectively, above the cost of living (as reflected by the
Consumer Price Index). Three appendixes provide a list of disciplines and
participating institutions.
(MDM)
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
from the original document.
FOR THE YEARS
SALARY-TREND STUDY OF FACULTY IN ANTHROPOLOGY
1995-96 AND 1998-99
Foreword
by
Richard D. Howe
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28608
Association (CUPA) in Washington,
Since 1982-83 the College and University Personnel
in Boone, NC, have conducted annual na-
DC, in cooperation with Appalachian State University
each year through 1998-99. Two separate sur-
tional faculty salary surveys by discipline and rank
other for
for public senior colleges and universities and the
veys are conducted each year, one
private senior colleges and universities.
collected and tabulated for full-
Salary data from the 1995-96 and 1998-99 surveys were
disciplines/major fields chosen from among those
time teaching faculty in 53 selected academic
1990.
defined by A Classification of Instructional Programs.
of the overall aver-
Each of the 53 academic disciplines/major fields presents a summary
year" of 1995-96 to
academic discipline/major field from the "baseline
age salary increase in that
public and private participating institutions.
and including the "trend year" of 1998-99 for both
in CUPA's public survey of 1995-96, 279 also
Of the 329 public institutions which participated
279 institutions were used in both the
participated in the 1998-99 survey. Data from those same
institutions which participated in CUPA's
baseline year and the trend year studies. Of the 530
the 1998-99 survey. Data from those same
private survey of 1995-96, 386 also participated in
and the trend year.
386 institutions were used in both the baseline year
Anthropology for both public and private
In addition to listing the average salaries in
professor," and listing the faculty mix
participating institutions by rank, including "new assistant
public
factor, comparisons are made between the two
percentage (FAC MIX PCT) and the salary
1998-99) and
for each of the two study years (1995-96 and
surveys and the two private surveys
cost-of-living.
with the CPI (Consumer Price index) of changes in
fields surveyed, including
The list of all 53 selected academic disciplines/major
of all participating senior colleges and
Anthropology, is found in appendix A, and the lists
(private) of this article.
universities are found in appendixes B (public) and C
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND
BEST COPY AVAILABLE
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS
CENTER (ERIC)
BEEN GRANTED BY
19 This document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
R. Howe
originating it.
Minor changes have been made to
2
improve reproduction quality.
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
Points of view or opinions stated in this
document do not necessarily represent
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)
official OERI position cr policy.
1
SALARY-TREND STUDY OF FACULTY IN
ANTHROPOLOGY
FOR THE YEARS
1995-96 AND 1998-99
by
Richard D. Howe
Since 1982-83 the College and University Personnel Association (CUPA) in Washington,
D.C., in cooperation with Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina, has conducted
two annual national faculty salary studies by discipline and rank through 1998-99: one for public
senior colleges and universities, and the other for private senior colleges and universities.
Salary data for each study were collected and tabulated for full-time teaching faculty in 53
selected academic disciplines/major fields chosen from among those defined by A Classification
1990, including Anthropology. The CIP defines the
of Instructional Programs *(CIP),
discipline/major field of Anthropology as,
A group of instructional programs that describes the systematic study
of human beings, their antecedents and related primates, and their
in comparative perspective.
cultural behavior and institutions,
Includes instruction in biological/physicalanthropology,primatology,
human paleontology and prehistoric archeology, hominid evolution,
anthropological linguistics, ethnography, ethnology, ethnohistory,
socio-cultural anthropology, psychological anthropology, research
methods, and applications to areas such as medicine, forensic
pathology, museum studies, and international affairs.*
[*A Classification of Instructional Programs (Washington, D.C.:
National Center for Education Statistics, [1990]. P. 143 --
45.0200).]
This article summarizes the overall average salary increases in the discipline/major field of
Anthropology for both public and private institutions from the "baseline year" of 1995-96 to and
including the "trend year" of 1998-99. Of the 329 institutions which participated in CUPA's
PUBLIC study of 1995-96, 279 also participated in 1998-99. Data from those same 279 institutions
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trend year. Of the 530 institutions which participated in
were used in both the baseline year and the
1998-99. Data from those same 386
CUPA's PRIVATE study of 1995-96, 386 also participated in
institutions were used in both the baseline year and the trend year.
Anthropology for both
This article lists the average salaries for the discipline/major field of
(new assistant
public and private participating institutions by rank, including NEW ASST PROF
FACTOR. Comparisons
professor), the FAC MIX PCT (faculty mix percentage), and the SALARY
Index) changes in cost-of-living between the two
are also made using the CPI's (Consumer Price
studies for each of the two study years (1995-96 and 1998-99).
prices of food, clothing,
The CPI uses a base period of 1982-84 and measures/tabulates
goods and services people
shelter and fuels, transportation, medical care, entertainment and other
important to consider any
buy for day-to-day living. When examining trends in faculty salary, it is
changes in the faculty
changes in the purchasing power of salaries due to inflation. Comparing
increases are, that is,
salaries with the CPI gives one a more precise view of what "real" salary
buying power.
full-time faculty, and
The salary is based on a nine- or 10-month academic year salary of
academic work, fringe
does not include any faculty teaching less than 51 percent. Salary for summer
is based on the
benefits, and perquisites are also not included in the salary data. The average salary
salary displayed
study information with the assumption that all employees are full-time. The average
is an average of all faculty salaries reported for a given rank and discipline.
included to compute
"NUM" refers to the number of faculty members whose salaries were
the average salary.
given academic rank
"N/IN" refers to the number of institutions that reported salary data for a
and discipline/major field.
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discipline/majorfield who
The FAC MIX PCT represents the percentage of faculty in a given
of 34.7 for associate professors
hold a given academic rank. For example, a FAC MIX PCT factor
of the faculty in that
of Anthropology in the 1995-96 public study means that 34.7 percent
discipline/major field held the rank of associate professor.
field represents the
The SALARY FACTOR for a given rank in a given discipline/major
each of the four studies:
ratio of the average salary to the total average salary of all institutions in
1998-99. For example, a
PUBLIC 1995-96, PUBLIC 1998-99, PRIVATE 1995-96 and PRIVATE
field of Anthropology
SALARY FACTOR of 0.96 for associate professors in the discipline/major
lower than the average
in the 1995-96 public study means that their average salary is four percent
salary for all associate professors in all institutions in that study.
for the first time in
NEW ASST PROF refers to the grouping of assistant professors hired
included in the
the fall of the study year (1995-96 or 1998-99). All information for this group was
ASST PROF group for reporting purposes.
disciplines/majorfields in each
ALL MAJOR FIELDS refers to the entire data base for all 53
discipline/major field of
of the four studies. Among other things, it is used to compare the
Anthropology with the entire data base for each study.
dollar value is based
The reader will find the size of the sample on which each percentage or
the group, the greater the effect of extreme
to be of particular importance. The smaller the number in
It should also be noted that any large disparity
scores on a descriptive statistic such as the average.
"trend year" of 1998-99 will
in the sample sizes between the "baseline year" of 1995-96 and the
based on a simple
lessen the reliability and validity of any conclusions that one might make
comparison of averages.
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NEW ASST
ASST
ASSOC
ALL RANKS
INSTRUCTOR
PROF
PROF
PROF
PROF
N/IN
SALARY NUM
SALARY NUM N/IN
SALARY NUM N/IN SALARY NUM N/IN
SALARY NUM N/IN
SALARY NUM N/IN
DISCIPLINE: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HISTORY
MAJOR FIELD: Anthropology
PUBLIC, 1995-96:
AVERAGE
48909
617
115
29060
12
11
33833
14
77
142
15
36693
214
45676
85
249
59610
88
SALARY:
FAC MIX
100.0%
1.9%
2.4%
23.0%
34.7%
40.4%
PCT:
SALARY
1.01
1.00
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
FACTOR:
ALL MAJOR FIELDS
AVERAGE
279
90660
48543
4205 272
5946
29192
251
36754
25458 279
39120
279
27143
47365
279
32113
60591
SALARY:
FAC MIX
100.0%
6.6%
4.6%
28.1%
29.9%
35.4%
PCT:
DISCIPLINE: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HISTORY
MAJOR FIELD: Anthropology
PUBLIC, 1998-99:
AVERAGE
657
118
53377
27203
27
12
34
37457
11
80
39356
154
86
49697
220
94
271
65491
SALARY:
FAC MIX
100.0%
1.8%
5.2%
23.4%
33.5%
41.2
PCT:
SALARY
1.00
0.84
0.92
0.92
0.95
0.97
FACTOR:
ALL MAJOR FIELDS
AVERAGE
279
89174
53370
4386 260
239
6254
32241
24888 279
40911
42557
279
26937
52140
279
31095
67342
SALARY:
FAC MIX
100.0%
7.0%
4.9%
27.9%
30.2%
34.9%
PCT:
DISCIPLINE: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HISTORY
MAJOR FIELD: Anthropology
PRIVATE. 1995-96:
AVERAGE
310
52501
81
4
29525
4
36297
44
9
9
38294
70
47
46530
103
56
65293
133
SALARY:
FAC MIX
100.0%
1.3%
2.9%
22.6%
33.2%
42.9%
PCT:
SALARY
1.09
0.96
1.01
1.00
1.01
FACTOR:
1.06
ALL MAJOR FIELDS
AVERAGE
386
43114
48264
292
30749
1983
350
35928
2041
386
38154
13141
385
46184
13559
382
61833
SALARY:
14431
FAC MIX
100.0%
4.6%
4.7%
30.5%
31.4%
33.5%
PCT:
DISCIPLINE: SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HISTORY
MAJOR FIELD: Anthropology
PRIVATE, 1998-99:
AVERAGE
56832
85
333
36250
6
II
5
38637
9
40
66
41529
54
49733
68999
106
60
SALARY:
155
FAC MIX
100.0%
1.8%
3.3%
19.8%
31.8%
46.5%
PCT:
SALARY
1.05
1.05
0.97
0.99
0.97
0.98
FACTOR:
ALL MAJOR FIELDS
AVERAGE
386
44803
54316
294
1974
34625
13139 386
339
2178
39867
41924
386
51127
14285
383
70365
SALARY:
15405
FAC MIX
100.0%
4.4%
4.9%
29.3%
31.9%
34.4%
PCT:
4
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RESULTS OF THE TWO PUBLIC STUDIES: 1995-96 AND 1998-99
In the PUBLIC 1995-96 study in the above table, the discipline/majorfield of Anthropology
was reported in 115 of the 279 public institutions. The average salary of the 617 faculty was
$48,909. This average salary was approximately .8 percent higher than the average salary of $48,543
for all 90,660 faculty in ALL MAJOR FIELDS in the same 1995-96 public study.
For the PUBLIC 1998-99 salary study in the above table, Anthropology was reported in 118
of the same 279 public institutions. The average salary of the 657 faculty was $53,377. This average
salary was approximately .01 percent higher than the average salary of $53,370 for all 89,174 faculty
in ALL MAJOR FIELDS in the 1998-99 public study.
The three-year increase in average salaries for all faculty in the discipline/major field of
Anthropology in the public institutions studied was 9.1 percent ($53,377 minus $48,909 equals
$4,468). The CPI of increase cost-of-living between October 1995 and October 1998 was 6.7
percent. In comparison, with the CPI, there was a relative increase in Anthropology average faculty
salaries over the three-year period by 2.4 percent or an average of .8 percent each year above the
cost-of-living.
The increase in average salaries for all faculty in ALL MAJOR FIELDS over three years in
the public institutions studied was 9.9 percent ($53,370 minus $48,543 equals $4,827). In
comparison to the discipline/major field of Anthropology (9.1%), the faculty in ALL MAJOR
FIELDS received a relative increase in their salaries of .8 percent more than the faculty in the
discipline/major field of Anthropology.
In the 1995-96 study the faculty mix percentage in Anthropology is higher at the professor
rank than at the assistant professor rank: 40.4 percent vs. 23.0 percent; in the 1998-99 study it is 41.2
percent vs.23.4 percent. The differences in faculty mix percentage at the ranks of professor and assis-
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public studies are 35.4 percent vs. 28.1 percent
tant professors in ALL MAJOR FIELDS for both
(1995-96) and 34.9 percent vs. 27.9 percent (1998-99).
public studies was
Finally, the hiring rate of new assistant professors in Anthropology in the
4.6 percent
lower than the hiring rate of ALL MAJOR FIELDS in 1995-96, 2.4 percent (15/617) vs
(4,386/89,174).
(4,205/90,660) and higher in 1998-99, 5.2 percent (34/657) vs. 4.9 percent
RESULTS OF THE TWO PRIVATE STUDIES: 1995-96 AND 1998-99
discipline/major
The PRIVATE 1995-96 salary study in the above table indicates that the
salary of the
field of Anthropology was reported in 81 of the 386 private institutions. The average
salary of $48,264 for
310 faculty was $52,501, an average salary 8.8 percent higher than the average
all 43,114 faculty in ALL MAJOR FIELDS in the 1995-96 private study.
of the same 386 private
In the PRIVATE 1998-99 salary study in the above table, 85
$56,832, an average
institutions reported Anthropology. The average salary of the 333 faculty was
faculty in ALL MAJOR
salary 4.6 percent higher than the average salary of $54,316 for all 44,803
FIELDS in the 1998-99 private study.
in the private
The three-year increase in average salaries for all faculty in Anthropology
increased
institutions studied was 8.2 percent ($56,832 minus $52,501 equals $4,331). The CPI
increase,
cost-of-livingbetween October 1995 and October 1998 was 6.7 percent. A more realistic
time period, is 1.5
therefore, in the average faculty salaries of Anthropology over the three-year
percent or .5 percent each year above the cost-of-living.
FIELDS in the
The three-year increase in average salaries for all faculty in ALL MAJOR
$6,052). In comparison
private institutions studied was 12.5 percent ($54,316 minus $48,264 equals
increased their salaries 4.3 percent
to Anthropology (8.2%), the faculty in ALL MAJOR FIELDS
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more than faculty in Anthropology.
For both studies in the discipline/major field of Anthropology, the faculty mix percentage
is higher at the professor rank in comparison to the assistant professor rank: 42.9 percent vs. 22.6
percent (1995-96); and 46.5 percent vs 19.8 percent, (1998-99). The differences in the ranks of
professor and assistant professor in ALL MAJOR FIELDS for both private studies are 33.5 percent
vs. 30.5 percent (1995-96) and 34.4 percent vs. 29.3 percent (1998-99).
Finally, the hiring rate for new assistant professors in Anthropology was lower than the
hiring rate in ALL MAJOR FIELDS in the 1995-96 private study: 2.9 percent (9/310) vs. 4.7 percent
(2,041/43,114) and lower in the 1998-99 private study: 3.3 percent 11/333) vs. 4.9 percent
(2,178/44,803).
CONCLUSION
This article presents salary-trend information on the academic discipline/major field of
Anthropology and compares that information with both ALL MAJOR FIELDS and the CPI over a
period of three years, from the "baseline year" of 1995-96 through the "trend year" of 1998-99. Two
studies--one for public institutions, and the other for private institutions--were conducted for the
baseline year and for the trend year--a total of four studies. A total of 1,917 (.7%) faculty in the
discipline/major field of Anthropology participated and were included in the 53 disciplines/major
fields in each of the four studies and in the overall total of 267,751 participating faculty. The
same 279 public institutions and the same 386 private institutions in the United States participated
in the baseline year and in the trend year.
Although the public and private studies data may be interpreted in a variety of ways, several
significant points are as follows. First, the average faculty salary factors in the discipline/masjorfield
7
of Anthropology for the 1998-99 public study was virtually the same as that of all ranks in ALL
MAJOR FIELDS (1.00); and for the 1995-96 public study the average salary factor was one percent
higher. For the 1995-96 private study it was nine percent higher than the average faculty salary
factors for all ranks in ALL MAJOR FIELDS (1.00); and for the 1998-99 it was five percent higher.
Second, the October 1998 CPI reflects an 6.7 percent increase over the October 1995 CPI and
indicates that the faculty in Anthropology in the public institutions received an average annual salary
increase of .8 percent above the cost-of-living. In the private institutions the annual average salary
increase was .5 percent above the cost-of-living.
Third, in both the 1995-96 and 1998-99 public studies in Anthropology, the professor rank
FAC MIX PCTs are higher than those for the assistant professor rank. In the 1995-96 and 1998-99
private studies the FAC MIX PCTS were higher at the professor rank than at the assistant professor
rank, as well.
Finally, the hiring rate of new assistant professors in Anthropology in the 1995-96 public
study and in the 1995-96 and 1998-99 private studies were lower than the hiring rate of ALL
MAJOR FIELDS. However, the hiring rate for new assistant professors in the 1998-99 private study
was higher than the hiring rate for ALL MAJOR FIELDS.
Because a significant data base of average faculty salaries in the academic discipline/major
field of Anthropology has now been developed, it is anticipated that this information will serve
as a valuable reference and evaluation tool for interested administrators and professors.
Richard D. Howe is the originator and director of the annual CUPA
faculty salary studies. He is a professor of leadership and educational
studies at Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina.
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