ERIC ED431705: Civic Education across Countries: Twenty-four National Case Studies from the IEA Civic Education Project.

612 Pages·1999·7.3 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 431 705
SO 030 959
AUTHOR
Torney-Purta, Judith; Schwille, John; Amadeo, Jo-Ann
TITLE
Civic Education across Countries: Twenty-four National Case
Studies from the IEA Civic Education Project.
INSTITUTION
International Association for the Evaluation of Educational
Achievement.
ISBN
ISBN-90-5166-671-3
PUB DATE
1999-00-00
NOTE
611p.
AVAILABLE FROM
IEA Secretariat, Herengracht 487, 1017 BT, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; Tel: [phone].
PUB TYPE
Collected Works
General (020)
EDRS PRICE
MF03/PC25 Plus Postage.
DESCRIPTORS
*Citizenship Education; Citizenship Responsibility; *Civics;
Democracy; Democratic Values; Educational Assessment;
Educational Planning; Foreign Countries; *Political Issues;
Secondary Education; Social Studies
ABSTRACT
This volume reports the results of the first phase of the
Civic Education Study conducted by International Association for the
Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). During 1996 and 1997,
researchers in 24 countries collected documentary evidence on the
circumstances, contents, and processes of civic education in response to a
common set of framing questions. They also solicited the views of experts on
what 14-year-olds should know about a variety of political and civic issues.
Each chapter provides a summary of these national case studies and highlights
pressing issues or themes of current importance within civic education. This
volume will give educators and policy-makers cross-national information to
enhance consideration of the role and status of civic education within their
countries, especially in light of growing concerns about youth participation
in democratic society. Chapters include:
"Mapping the Distinctive and
(1)
Common Features of Civic Education in Twenty-Four Countries" (Judith
Torney-Purta; John Schwille; Jo-Ann Amadeo);
"Reconstructing Civic and
(2)
Citizenship Education in Australia" (Murray Print; Kerry Kennedy; John
"Education for Citizenship in the French Community of Belgium:
Hughes);
(3)
Opportunities to Learn in Addition to the Formal Curriculum" (Christiane
Blondin; Patricia Schillings);
"Challenges in Developing a New System of
(4)
Civic Education in Conditions of Social Change: Bulgaria" (Peter Balkansky;
Zahari Zahariev; Svetoslav Stoyanov; Neli Stoyanova);
"Canadian
(5)
Citizenship Education: The Pluralist Ideal and Citizenship Education for a
Post-Modern State" (Alan M. Sears; Gerald M. Clarke; Andrew S. Hughes);
(6)
"Education for Democracy in Colombia" (Alvaro Rodriguez Rueda);
"National
(7)
Identity in the Civic Education of Cyprus" (Constantinos Papanastasiou; Mary
Koutselini-Ioannidou);
"The Changing Face of Civic Education in the Czech
(8)
Republic" (Jana Valkova; Jaroslav Kalous);
(9) "Re-examining Citizenship
Education in England" (David Kerr);
(10) "Toward a Dynamic View of Society:
Civic Education in Finland" (Sirkka Ahonen; Arja Virta);
(11) "Concepts of
Civic Education in Germany Based on a Survey of Expert Opinion" (Christa
Handle; Detlef Oesterreich; Luitgard Trommer);
(12) "The Discourse of
Citizenship Education in Greece: National Identity and Social Diversity"
(Dimitra Makrinioti; Joseph Solomon);
(13) "Controversies of Civic Education
in Political Transition: Hong Kong" (Lee Wing On);
"In Transit: Civic
(14)
+++++ ED431705 Has Multi-page SKR---Level=1 +++++
(15) "Citizenship Education in a
Education in Hungary" (Zsuzsa Matrai);
Divided Society: The Case of Israel" (Zsuzsa Matrai);
(16) Italy: Educating
for Democracy in a Changing Democratic Society (Orit Ichilov);
(17) "National
Identity and Education for Democracy in Lithuania" (Irena Zaleskiene);
(18)
Citizenship Conceptions and Competencies in the Subject Matter 'Society' in
"The Specific Nature and Objectives of
the Dutch Schools" (Henk Dekker); (19)
Civic Education in Poland: Some Reflections" (Andrzej Janowski); (20) "Civic
Education Issues and the Intended Curricula in Basic Education in Portugal"
(Isabel Menezes; Elisabete Xavier; Carla Cibele; Gertrudes Amaro; Bartolo P.
(21) "Cohesion and Diversity in National Identity: Civic Education
Campos);
in Romania" (Gheorghe Bunescu; Emil Stan; Gabriel Albu; Dan Badea; Octavian
"The Challenge of Civic Education in the New Russia" (Leonid N.
Oprica);
(22)
Bogolubov; Galina V. Klokova; Galina S. Kovalyova; David I. Poltorak);
(23)
Citizenship in View of Public Controversy in Slovenia: Some Reflections"
"Abandoning the Myth of Exceptionality: On Civic
(Darko Strajn); (24)
Education in Switzerland" (Roland Reichenbach); and (25) "Challenges to Civic
Education in the United States" (Carole L. Hahn).
(LB)
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Edited by Judith Torney-Purta,
John Schwille and Jo-Ann Amadeo
-
U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND
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DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS
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erhis
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TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
Points of view or opinions stated in this
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Civic Education Across Countries:
Twenty-four National Case Studies from
the IEA Civic Education Project
Edited by Judith Torney-Purta, John Schwille
and Jo-Ann Amadeo
The International Association for the Evaluation
of Educational Achievement
Copyright 0 1999 IEA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holder.
Copies of Civic Education Across Countries can be obtained from:
IEA Secretariat
Herengracht 487
1017 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Telephone + 31 20 625 3625
Fax + 31 20 420 7136
Email: [email protected]
Produced by: Eburon Publishers, Delft, Netherlands
Copy editing by. Paula Wagemaker Editorial Services, Christchurch, New Zealand
Designed and desktop published by: Becky Bliss Design and Production, Wellington, New Zealand
ISBN: 90 5166 671 3
4
BEST COPY AVAILABLE
Contents
Acknowledgments
Foreword
Mapping the Distinctive and Common Features of Civic
11
Education in Twenty-Four Countries
Judith Torney-Purta, John Schwille and Jo-Ann Amadeo
Reconstructing Civic and Citizenship Education in Australia
37
Murray Print, Kerry Kennedy and John Hughes
Education for Citizenship in the French Community of Belgium:
61
Opportunities to Learn in Addition to the Formal Curriculum
Christiane Blondin and Patricia Schillings
Challenges in Developing a New System of Civic Education in
89
Conditions of Social Change: Bulgaria
Peter Balkansky, Zahari Zahariev, Svetoslav Stoyanov and
Neli Stoyanova
Canadian Citizenship Education: The Pluralist Ideal and
111
Citizenship Education for a Post-Modern State
Alan M. Sears, Gerald M. Clarke and Andrew S. Hughes
Education for Democracy in Colombia
137
Alvaro Rodriguez Rueda
National Identity in the Civic Education of Cyprus
161
Constantinos Papanastasiou and Mary Koutselini-Ioannidou
The Changing Face of Civic Education in the Czech Republic
179
Jana Valkovi and Jaroslav Kalous
Re-examining Citizenship Education in England
203
David Kerr
Toward a Dynamic View of Society: Civic Education in Finland
229
Sirkka Ahonen and Arja Virta
Concepts of Civic Education in Germany Based on a Survey
257
of Expert Opinion
Christa Handle, Detlef Oesterreich and Luitgard Trommer
The Discourse of Citizenship Education in Greece: National
285
Identity and Social Diversity
Dimitra Makrinioti and Joseph Solomon
5
4
Civic Education Across Countries
Controversies of Civic Education in Political Transition:
313
Hong Kong
Lee Wing On
In Transit: Civic Education in Hungary
341
Zsuzsa Mitrai
Citizenship Education in a Divided Society: The Case of Israel
371
Orit Ichilov
Italy: Educating for Democracy in a Changing Democratic
395
Society
Bruno Losito
National Identity and Education for Democracy in Lithuania
419
Irena Zaleskiene
Citizenship Conceptions and Competencies in the Subject
437
Matter 'Society' in the Dutch Schools
Henk Dekker
The Specific Nature and Objectives of Civic Education in
463
Poland: Some Reflections
Andrzej Janowski
Civic Education Issues and the Intended Curricula in Basic
483
Education in Portugal
Isabel Menezes, Elisabete Xavier, Carla Cibele, Gertrudes Amaro and
Bartolo P. Campos
Cohesion and Diversity in National Identity: Civic Education
505
in Romania
Gheorghe Bunescu, Emil Stan, Gabriel Albu, Dan Badea and Octavian
Oprica
The Challenge of Civic Education in the New Russia
523
Leonid N. Bogolubov, Galina V. Klokova, Galina S. Kovalyova
and David I. Poltorak
Citizenship in View of Public Controversy in Slovenia:
545
Some Reflections
Darko Strajn
Abandoning the Myth of Exceptionality: On Civic Education
557
in Switzerland
Roland Reichenbach
Challenges to Civic Education in the United States
583
Carole L. Hahn
6
5
Appendices
Selected Policy Questions Related to Phase 1
609
1
Excerpts From the IEA Civic Education Guidelines Sent to
2
611
Country Teams: 18 Case Study Framing Questions
Excerpts From the IEA Civic Education Guidelines Sent to
616
3
Country Teams: Core International Domains I-III and
Points a) through q)
4
IEA National Project Representatives Phase 1
621
Acknowledgments
Any project which lasts for five years and involves
teams of committed indi-
viduals in 24 countries has a long list of institutions and individuals who de-
serve thanks.
Phase 1 of the IEA Civic Education Project was funded by the Pew Chari-
table Trusts of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA) in
a grant which began late
in 1995. The Trusts support projects encouraging civic engagement in ad-
dressing critical issues and effecting social change. We are extremely grateful
for their support of Phase 1, which, through qualitative data collection, has
allowed us to build a firm foundation for Phase 2 (an assessment of knowl-
edge and attitudes), as well as producing this publication. Matching funds
were provided by countries participating in the study (facilitated in many cases
by their respective IEA General Assembly Representatives) and by the IEA
Organization (Tjeerd Plomp, Chair, and Hans Wagemaker, Executive Direc-
tor). The Johann Jacobs Foundation of Zurich, Switzerland, provided travel
support for individuals from Central and Eastern Europe to attend project
meetings. Sabbatical leaves and support from the Graduate Research Boards
of the University of Maryland and Michigan State University provided release
time to two of the editors. The Department of Human Development
at the
University of Maryland provided extensive support for research assistants,
ac-
counting and office space for the Phase 1 Coordinating Center. The Univer-
sity of Maryland Foundation managed the funds. The Phase 1
process was
designed by the International Planning Committee chaired by Judith Torney-
Purta, with the initial framing questions formulated by John Schwille.
Three members of the planning committee served a special role as
corre-
sponding advisors, Georgia Kontogiannopoulou-Polydorides, Barbara Malak-
Minkiewicz and Gita Steiner-Khamsi. During a period of
more than two
years they were extremely helpful both to the authors and the editors, keeping
close watch over the data collection and presentation in the individual
coun-
tries. Many chapter authors wanted to be sure that we expressed special grati-
tude to their corresponding advisor.
Barbara Fratczak-Rudnicka, Rainer
Lehmann, Ingrid Munck, Vichai Tunsiri and Lee Wing On also served
on the
International Planning Committee during Phase 1 and made
very important
contributions. At the University of Maryland, three students worked
on the
project: Vladimir Pavlov as a graduate assistant for technology, Patricia Rao
as
a graduate assistant for coordination and Kim Watson as an undergraduate
assistant. At Michigan State University, Chery Moran served
as an editorial
assistant. Felisa Tibbitts and Luba Botcheva provided editorial help with in-
dividual chapters.
All of the authors of these chapters wanted to
express their thanks to the
members of their respective national expert panels and project
teams, as well
as those policy-makers, teachers and students who provided information and
interviews. All of the chapter authors also deserve thanks for their under-
standing in dealing with editorial decisions required by limits
on the length of
Civic Education Across Countries
8
the book. There is much more material we could have included. Those
interested in further information from a particular country are encouraged to
contact the chapter's authors, who bear the responsibility for information.
For assistance during this final publication phase, we are especially grateful to
Richard Wolf, who reviewed the chapters on behalf of the IEA Publications
Committee, to Paul Purta who edited the chapters for language usage, to
Paula Wagemaker and Becky Bliss who did the final manuscript preparation,
and to Barbara Malak-Minkiewicz who served as liaison to IEA Headquarters
(and as a sounding board for ideas throughout the project).
Our families, Terry Judd, Matt Judd, Paul Purta and Sharon Schwille have
provided moral support and understanding throughout. Terry also assisted
with some of the texts submitted electronically. We couldn't have done it
without them.
Judith Torney-Purta
John Schwille
Jo-Ann Amadeo