ERIC ED431377: SREB Fact Book on Higher Education 1998/1999.

220 Pages·1999·2.4 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
HE 032 166
ED 431 377
Marks, Joseph L.
AUTHOR
SREB Fact Book on Higher Education 1998/1999.
TITLE
Southern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, GA.
INSTITUTION
1999-00-00
PUB DATE
220p.; For the 1996/97 edition, see ED 409 788.
NOTE
Southern Regional Education Board, 592 10th St. N.W.,
AVAILABLE FROM
Atlanta, GA 30318; Tel: [phone]; Fax: [phone]; Web
site: www.sreb.org
Numerical/Quantitative Data (110)
PUB TYPE
MF01/PC09 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
College Administration; College Attendance; College Faculty;
DESCRIPTORS
College Graduates; Compensation (Remuneration); Degrees
(Academic); Demography; Educational Economics; Educational
Finance; *Educational Trends; Enrollment; *Enrollment
Trends; Expenditures; Financial Support; *Higher Education;
Paying for College; Private Colleges; Public Colleges;
*Regional Cooperation; School Statistics; State Aid;
Statistical Data; Student Characteristics; Student Financial
Aid; Tables (Data); Tuition
*Southern Regional Education Board
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
This volume provides comparative data highlighting
significant trends affecting colleges and universit.ies in 16 southern states
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,
Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia. The following trends are identified:
(1) the
region is becoming more diverse, and its overall growth rate has been
(2) bet';een 1988 and .998 more than half
outpacing the national growth rate;
(3) between 1986 and
the new jobs nationwide were created in these states;
1996, the region accounted for 55 percent of the nation's total increase in
finan'!ial strains remain for colleges despite growth
college enrollment;
(4)
in state tax funds allocated :or higher education; and (5) tuition and fees
have risen from 15 percent to 20 percent of the average public four-year
college's budget. The 25 graphs and 85 data tables are grouped into sections
on population and economy, enrollment, degrees, tuition and student financial
aid, faculty and administrators, and revenues and expenditures. Appended are
definitions of institutional categories and a list of state data exchange
agencies.
(DB)
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Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
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(-n
4.1
on
Fact Book
SREB
Egher Education
BEST COPY AVAILABLE
Southern
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND
ffice of Educational Research and Improvement
Regional
DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
BEEN GRANTED BY
CENTER (ERIC)
Education
baorhis document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
Sou-micenitiG
originating it.
ion At.
Board
0 Minor changes have been made to
Ea/tromp% total)
improve reproduction quality.
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
Points of view or opinions stated in this
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC.),
document do not necessarily represent
L.
1
official OERI position or policy.
Trends and Forecas.is a a Mance
Region is growing and more diverse: Growth in the SREB
region will continue to outpace the national growth rate well into the
next
century. About 1 million more people each year will live in SREB states.
Today there are more than twice as
many children under age 18 as people
age 65 and older. By 2025 the numbers will be nearly equal. Then, those
65 and older will represent 20 percent of the population, compared with
13 percent today. This increase of 12.3 million senior citizens
accounts
for 44 percent of the nation's increase in that
age group. At the same time,
there will be more than 101,000 additional high school graduates each
year between now and 2008. The population also will become more
ethnically diverse. By 2025, 21 percent of the population will be black
and 15 percent Hispanic.
Southern economy sets the pace: Between 1988 and 1998
more than 9.4 million new jobs
more than half of the new jobs nation-
wide
were created in the SREB region. In the late 1950s, only three
SREB states had an average per-capita income equal to
at least 90 percent
of the U.S. average. Today half of the SREB
states can make that claim.
More in college, more graduates: The
percentage of college
graduates in the region's population today is higher than the
percentage of
high school graduates in the region's population in 1940. Even with this
dramatic improvement, the region's educational attainment remains below
the national average. Progress continues, and between 1986 and 1996 the
SREB region accounted for 55 percent of the nation's total increase in
college enrollment
an impressive statistic for a region with about one-
third of the nation's colleges and one-third of its total college enrollment.
Almost half of the SREB region's enrollment growth from 1986
to 1996 was in two-year colleges, which now enroll about 38 percent of all
college students and 44 percent of undergraduate students. Undergraduate
students make up 87 percent of the college students in the SREB region, and
most undergraduates (86 percent) attend public colleges and universities.
Women make up about 57 percent of undergraduate students, 64
percent
of graduate students and about 40 percent of students in professional
programs. Women represent almost 70 percent of the region's growth in
enrollment. The number of black students has increased
more than twice
as fast as total enrollment
resulting in almost 252,900 additional
Continued on inside back cover
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
on
Fact Book
SREB
Higher Education
Joseph L. Marks
Southern
Regional
Education
Board
592 10th St. N.W.
Atlanta, GA 30318
[phone]
www.sreb.org
4
Achowledgmenis
Page ii
The most recent information in each edition of the SREB Fact
Book on Higher Education comes from the annual SREB-State Data
Exchange, which has been called the "backbone" of the Fact Book. Without
the guidance, cooperation and assistance of the agencies involved
in the
SREB-State Data Exchange (listed elsewhere in this volume), the Fact Book
could not offer the comprehensive, up-to-date, comparative data that it does.
Several organizations and federal agencies
are also important
sources of nationwide information. These are the American Association
of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, the American Medical Association,
the Association of Research Libraries, the Center for Higher Education
at
Illinois State University, the College and University Personnel Association,
the Mortenson Research Letter (Postsecondary Opportunity), the National
Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs, the National
Conference of State Legislatures, the National League for Nursing, the
National Science Fogndation, Research Associates of Washington, the
Southern University
roup Office of Institutional Research at Oklahoma
State University, the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the U.S. Bureau of
Economic Analysis, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and various
offices of the U.S. Department of Education, including the National
Center for Education Statistics, the Office of Postsecondary Education,
the Office of Student Financial Assistance and the Washington Office of
the College Board.
The thoughtful reviews and suggestions of SREB Senior Vice
President Lynn M. Cornett and of SREB directors Joseph D. Creech and
Gale F. Gaines greatly enhanced the
accuracy and topical focus of the
Fact Book. SREB President Mark Musick,
as always, provided invaluable
guidance. Dawn C. Bristo, SREB data services assistant,
was instrumental
in analyzing and preparing data for this edition of the Fact Book. The
SREB communications office, under the leadership of SREB director
Bracey Campbell and publications editor Amy Schneider, contributed
greatly to the readability and new look of the Fact Book.
5
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
Page iii
Fovewo[rd
The South, once called "the nation's No. 1 economic problem"
by President Franklin Roosevelt, today is the "locomotive powering the
American economy." This claim first was made not by Southerners but
by the widely respected British magazine The Economist.
The engine driving America's economy is fueled by education.
Education holds the most promise for increasing the economic prosperity
upon which social and cultural foundations are built.
A tangible sign of progress lies in the rising educational levels
of Southerners. The percentage of adults in the SREB states with college
degrees today is greater than the percentage with high school diplomas
in 1940.
Pursuing such advances in education is the cornerstone of the
Southern Regional Education Board. SREB helps its member states chart
their progress and stay on course for lasting, long-term improvements. The
SREB Fact Book on Higher Education has been an important source of
comparative information for policy-makers, educators and journalists for
more than 40 years.
SREB and others have shown, time and again, that "education
pays." The latest comparisons of college graduates' and high school gradu-
ates' annual earnings dramatically confirm the economic value of a college
degree. But it is also true that a college degree is not a guarantee. The U.S.
Bureau of Labor recently described the emerging job market: "So many
college graduates, not quite so many college-level jobs. A degree may put
you in the running, but the race goes to those swift enough to prepare
well."
While colleges and universities are beginning to get more support
from states and states have begun initiatives to reduce the cost burden on
students and their families, an increasing share of college costs still is
passed on to students.
We are pleased to add data on Delaware (admitted to the SREB
July 1, 1998) to this edition of the Fact Book. In nearly every case, historical
trends have been recalculated to include Delaware in the regional statistics.
Education, including effective colleges and universities, is still our
best bet to build the future we want for our children and ourselves. We
again offer the Fact Book to help those who make or influence decisions
about the course for higher education.
Mark Musick
President
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
The SREB continuously monitors the availability of
new comparative data and
publishes the SREB Fact Book Bulletin, which contains updated and expanded
information. SREB data are also available
on the Internet at www.sreb.org.
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
Table of Contents
Page v
Page
iii
Foreword
vii
List of Graphs and Tables
Introduction and SREB State Profiles
1
Selected Statistics
Population and Economy
11
Enrollment
37
77
Degrees
Tuition and Student Financial Aid
109
129
Faculty and Administrators
157
Revenues and Expenditures
SREB-State Data Exchange Definitions of Institutional Categories
185
201
SREB-State Data Exchange Agencies
a
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
The SREB continuously monitors the availability of
new comparative data and
publishes the SREB Fact Book Bulletin, which contains updated and expanded
information. SREB data are also available on the Internet
at www.sreb.org.
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999
Lie cff Gvaphs and Tan Oes
Page vii
Page
Population and Economy
Graphs
Population Growth
11
Percent of Adults by Educational Attainment
12
Employment Trends in the SREB States
14
Distribution of State and Local Government Spending, SREB States
16
Tables
Total Population, Changes and Projections
Table 1.
17
Age Distribution of the Population and Projections
Table 2.
18
Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Population and Projections
20
Table 3.
22
Elementary and Secondary School Enrollment
Table 4.
24
High School Graduates
Table 5.
26
Nonagricultural Employment
Table 6.
Unemployment in the Civilian Labor Force
28
Table 7.
Per-Capita Income
29
Table 8.
State and Local Government General Revenues and Personal Income
Table 9. 30
State General-Fund and Earmarked Appropriations
Table 10.
31
Percent Distribution of State and Local Government General Revenues
32
Table 11.
34
Percent Distribution of State and Local Government General Expenditures
Table 12.
36
State and Local Government General Expenditures
Table 13.
Enrollment
Graphs
College Enrollment Rates, 1995
37
Net Gain of First-Time College Freshmen, 1996
38
Percent of Home State's First-Time Freshmen Attending In-State Colleges and
Universities, 1996
39
Increases in College Students in the SREB Region, 1986 to 1996
41
10
SREB Fact Book 1998/1999