ERIC ED423040: Back to Sleep: Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) [and] Questions and Answers for Professionals on Infant Sleeping Position and SIDS.

10 Pages·1996·0.45 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 423 040
PS 026 789
TITLE
Back to Sleep: Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome (SIDS)
[and] Questions and Answers for
Professionals on Infant Sleeping Position and SIDS.
INSTITUTION
Health Resources and Services Administration (DHHS/PHS),
Washington, DC. Maternal and Child Health Bureau.
PUB DATE
1996-00-00
NOTE
11p.; A product of the Back to Sleep Campaign.
AVAILABLE FROM
NICHD/Back to Sleep, 31 Center Drive, Room 2A32, Bethesda,
MD 20892-2425; phone: 800-505-CRIB, 301-496-5133; fax:
301-496-7101 (Free).
PUB TYPE
Guides - Non-Classroom (055)
EDRS PRICE
MF01/PC01 Plus Postage.
DESCRIPTORS
At Risk Persons; *Child Health; Infant Mortality; *Infants;
Parent Materials; *Prevention; Public Health; Risk
Management; *Sleep
IDENTIFIERS
Public Service Advertising; Public Service Campaigns;
*Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
ABSTRACT
The "Back to Sleep" public health campaign, which recommends
that infants be placed on their backs for sleeping help reduce the risk of
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), was initiated in 1994. The campaign was
led by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and
co-sponsored by the U.S. Public Health Service, the American Academy of
Pediatrics, the SIDS Alliance, and the Association of SIDS and Infant
Mortality Programs. This packet of "Back to Sleep" materials contains a
brochure for parents and-one fdr health care professionals. The parent
brochure, "Back to Sleep: Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
(SIDS)," defines SIDS, advises parents lay their infants on their backs to
sleep, and makes other recommendations to reduce SIDS risk. The
professionals' brochure, "Questions and Answers for Professionals on Infant
Sleeping Position and SIDS," uses a question-answer format to describe the
"Back to Sleep" public health campaign, research on sleep positions and SIDS,
prematurity and sleep position, sleep position in hospital nurseries,
infants' positional preferences, the age at which to stop using the non-prone
position, risk for aspiration and flat spots on the head with supine
sleeping, and the use of various devices marketed to maintain infants in a
non-prone position during sleep. Also included in the packet of materials is
an order form for additional free materials, including videotapes in English
and Spanish; and sample magazine and newspaper public service announcements.
(KB)
********************************************************************************
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
from the original document.
********************************************************************************
z.e
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and improvement
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER (ERIC)
.49(This document has been reproduced as
eceived from the person or organization
originating it.
Minor changes have been made to
improve reproduction quality.
Points of view or opinions stated in this
document do not necessarily represent
official OERI position or policy.
_
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Best Sleep Position
Make sure your baby goes to sleep on his or her
back. This provides the best protection against SIDS.
Alternative Sleep Position
If you choose to use
the side sleep position,
make sure your baby's
lower arm is forward
to stop him or her from
rolling over onto the
stomach.
If you have any questions about your baby's sleep
position or health, first talk to your doctor or nurse.
For more information about the Back to Sleep
campaign, call free of charge, 1-800-505-2742. Or
you can write to: Back to Sleep, P.O. Box 29111,
Washington, D.C. 20040.
5
What Is SIDS?
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden
and unexplained death of an infant under one year
of age.
SIDS, sometimes known as crib death, is the major
cause of death in babies from 1 month to 1 year of
age. Most SIDS deaths occur when a baby is
between 1 and 4 months old. More boys than girls
fall,
are victims, and most deaths occur during the
winter and early spring months.
The death is sudden and unpredictable; in most
cases, the baby seems healthy. Death occurs quickly,
usually during a sleep time.
After 30 years of research, scientists still cannot find
one definite cause or causes for SIDS. There is no
brochure
way to predict or prevent SIDS. But, as this
describes, research has found some things that can
help reduce the risk of SIDS.
This information is from the U.S. Public Health
Service, American Academy of Pediatrics, SIDS
Alliance, and Association of SIDS and Infant
Mortality Programs.
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If the parent finds that the infant has great difficulty
going to sleep in the supine position, consider
placing the infant prone and moving the infant to a
back position when he or she is sleeping. Again, be
of soft bedding with
sure to avoid overheating or use
such an infant.
At what age can you stop using the back position
for sleep?
We are unsure of the level of risk associated with
during the first
prone positioning at specific ages
data that
year of life, although there are some
suggest that the greatest decrease in SIDS incidence
in those countries that have changed to mostly non-
the younger aged
prone sleeping has been seen in
infants (2 to 6 months). Therefore, the first 6 months,
when babies are forming sleeping habits, are
probably the most important time to focus on.
Nevertheless, until more data suggest otherwise, it
place babies down
seems reasonable to continue to
for sleep supine throughout infancy.
Do I need to keep checking on my baby after laying
him or her down for sleep in a non-prone position?
We-recommend that parents do not keep checking
she is laid down to sleep.
on their baby after he or
Although the infant's risk of SIDS could be increased
slightly if he or she spontaneously assuMes the prone
position, the risk is not sufficient to outweigh the
the
great disruption to the parents, and possibly to
infant, by frequent checking. Also, studies have
shown that it is unusual for a baby who is placed in
position during
a supine position to roll into a prone
early infancy.
How should hospitals place babies down for sleep
after they are readmitted?
We recommend, as a general guideline, that
hospitalized infants sleep in the same position that
they have used at home, to minimize additional
disruption to the infant. There may, however, be
extenuating circumstances that would indicate
preference for the prone position (e.g., an infant with
significant upper airway obstruction).
1 0
Will babies aspirate on their backs?
ExiDerience from sleep position campaigns
overseas
While this has been a significant
concern to health
suggests that most infants can be stabilized in the
professionals and parents, there is
no evidence that
side position by bringing the infant's dependent
arm
healthy babies are more likely to experience
serious
forward, at right angles to the body, with the infant's
or fatal aspiration episodes when they are supine. In
back propped against the side of the crib. There
fact, in the majority of the
very small number of
should be no need for additional
support. Infants
reported cases of death due to aspiration, the infant's
who sleep on their backs need
no extra support.
position at death, when known, was
prone. In
addition, indirect reassurance of the safety of the
Should soft surfaces be avoided?
supine-position for infants
comes from the knowledge
Several studies indicate that soft sleeping surfaces
that this position has been standard in China,
India,
increase the risk of SIDS in infants who sleep
prone.
and other Asian countries for
many years. Finally, in
How soft a surface must be to
pose a threat is
countries such as England, Australia, and New
unknown. Until more information becomes available,
Zealand, where there has been
a major change in
a standard firm infant mattress with no more than a
infant sleeping position from predominantly
prone to
thin covering, such as
a sheet or rubberized pad,
predominantly supine or side sleeping, there
is no
between the infant and mattress is advised.
evidence of any increased number of serious
or fatal
The US Consumer Product Safety Commission has
episodes of aspiration of gastric contents.
also warned against placing
any soft, plush, or bulky
Will supine sleeping cause flat heads?
items, such as pillows, rolls of bedding,
or cushions,
There is some suggestion that the incidence of
in the baby's immediate sleeping environment. These
babies
developing a flat spot on their occiputs
may have
items can potentially come into close contact with the
increased since the incidence of
infant's face, impeding ventilation
prone .sleeping has
or entrapping the
decreased. This is almost always
a benign condition, infant's head and causing suffocation.
which will disappear within several months after
the
For information on sleep position and SIDS risk
baby has_begun to sit up. Flat spots
can be avoided
reduction; call the "Back fo Sleep" campaign line:
by altering the supine head position. Techniques
for
1-800-505-CRIB.
accomplishing this include turning the head
to one
side for a week or so and then changing
to the other,
Cosponsors:
reversing the head-to-toe axis in the crib, and
American Academy of Pediatrics
changing the orientation of the baby
to outside
U.S. Public Health Service
activity (e.g., the door of the room). "Positional
SIDS Alliance
plagiocephaly" seldom, if
ever, requires surgery and
Association of SIDS and Infant Mortality Programs
is quite distinguishable from craniosynostosis.
Should products be used to keep babies
on their
backs or sides during sleep?
Although various devices have been marketed
to
maintain babies in a non-prone position during
American
sleep, the Task Force does not recommend
their use.
None of the studies that showed
Academy of
a reduction in risk
when the prevalence of
prone sleeping was reduced
Pediatrics
used devices. No studies examining the relative
safety of the devices have been published.
ERIC
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI)
Educational Resources information Center (ERIC)
NOTICE
REPRODUCTION BASIS
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FA
reproduce, or is otherwise in the public domain and, therefore, may
be reproduced by ERIC without a signed Reproduction Release
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(9/92)
So.D.L) -A31