ERIC ED419757: The Republic of Mexico and the United States of America: The Mexican-American War -- In Retrospect. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (Mexico).

44 Pages·1996·0.98 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
SO 028 872
ED 419 757
Juarez, Pablo Hill
AUTHOR
The Republic of Mexico and the United States of America: The
TITLE
In Retrospect. Fulbright-Hays Summer
Mexican-American War
Seminar Abroad 1996 (Mexico).
Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC.
SPONS AGENCY
1996-00-00
PUB DATE
43p.; For other Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996
NOTE
reports, see SO 028 863-874. Some pages may not reproduce
well.
Non-Classroom (055)
Guides
PUB TYPE
MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
Area Studies; Cultural Awareness; Foreign Countries;
DESCRIPTORS
Geography; Grade 10; High Schools; *Latin American Culture;
*Latin American History; Latin Americans; *Mexicans;
Multicultural Education; *Social Change; Social Studies
*Mexico; *United States
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
The unit is intended as part of a world cultures curriculum
"Mexico in Brief";
taught at the 10th grade level. The lessons include:
(1)
"History and Educational
"The Mexican American War 1846-1848"; and (3)
(2)
Status of Americans of Mexican Descent (Chicanos) in the Southwest."
Additional resources and a 32-item bibliography accompany the unit.
(EH)
********************************************************************************
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
*
*
*
from the original document.
*
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The Republic of Mexico and the United States of America: The
Mexican-American War -- In Retrospect. Fulbright-Hays Summer
Seminar Abroad 1996 (Mexico).
by Pablo Hill Juarez
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER (ERIC)
...1kThis document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
originating it.
Minor changes have been made to
improve reproduction quality.
Points of view or opinions stated in this
document do not necessarily represent
official OERI position or policy.
Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC.
Published: 1996
PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND
DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS
BEEN GRANTED BY
4-A)DC-WE
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)
1
2
FULBRIGHT-HAYS SUMMER SEMINAR
CURRICULUM PROJECT
THE REPUBLIC OF MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA
In Retrospect
The Mexican-American War
Pablo Hill Ju4rez, Ph.D.
Eastlake High School
Chula Vista, California
Pablo Hill Ju6rez, Ph.D.
5245 Glen Verde Drive
Bonita, California 91902
October 16,1996
Comision Mexico-Estados Unidos Para
el Intercambio Educativo y Cultural
Doctora Vivian Antaki, Directora de
Programas para Estadounidenses
Biblioteca Benjamin Franklin
Londres No. 16 PB. Col. Juarez,
C.P. 06600 Mexico, U.F.
Dear Dra. Vivian Antaki,
Enclosed is the Curriculum Project for the 1996 Fulbright-Hays Summer
Seminar in Mexico.
The summer seminar was very beneficial due to the useful knowledge and
information we acquired and especially due to the wonderful people we were
given an opportunity to meet that helped enhance our knowledge and appre-
ciation of the wonderful country of Mexico.
In a recent survey from the USOE in Washington D.C., I indicated an interest
will
in serving as a proposal reviewer for these programs and I'm hopeful I
have an opportunity to serve in that capacity.
Hern6ndez, our
I'd appreciate the address and telephone number of Carmen
outstanding study-tour leader, so that I can forward her some photos.
My sincere regards and best wishes to you and your wonderful family.
Enclosed are some of the photos from the 1996 Mexico study-tour.
Please note that my new telephone number is [phone].
IMIL GRACIAS POR TORO!
Sinceramente,
?A. D.
Pablo Hill
utirez, Ph.D.
curriculum unit
This lesson is a part of the World Cultures
The lesson
taught at the 10th grade high school
level.
includes the following:
I. MEXICO in brief
A. General information
B. Land and Climate
C. Government
D. People
Population trend
E.
F. Economy
G. MAP and facts
Important dates in Mexico
H.
II. THE MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR (1846-1848)
A. Causes of the war
B. Events leading up to the war
C. The War
D. The occupation of New Mexico and California
Taylor's campaign
E.
F. Doniphan's victories
G. Scott's campaign
H. The peace treaty
Results of the war
I.
Principal battles
J.
K. Additional resources
AMERICANS
III.
STATUS
EDUCATIONAL
OF
AND
HISTORY
OF MEXICAN DESCENT (Chicanos) IN THE SOUTHWEST
A. Origin of Man in America
B. Spain and the "New World"
C. The Spanish-Speaking in the Southwest
D. Early Exploration of California
Spanish Rule
E.
F. Mexico's Independence from Spain
U.S. War with Mexico
G.
H. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Map)
California's (Bilingual) Constitution of 1849
I.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY
WORLD CULTURES -10
1.0 Students will learn about the history, culture,
GOALS:
economy, geography, social structures, and
political (democratic process) of the countries
of the world.
2.0 Students will interpret differing perspectives
events in order
on (current and past) issues and
to develop the critical thinking skills necessary
to be an informed member of this contemporary
world.
Objectives:
1.1 With respect to the identification of the pro-
evolved,
cess by which democratic principles
students who successfully complete this class
will demonstate their abilities to:
Identify the historical process, stages and important dates
I.
in Mexican history.
2. Identify the role of important people in the independence
movement in the Americas.
Identify the causes, events and aftermath of the war between
3.
the U.S.A. and Mexico (1846-1848).
Identify the locations of nations crucial to the development
4.
of democatic ideas.
in
S. Identify the positions of the three major political parties
socioecon-
Mexico (PRI, PAN, and PRD) and review current
omic and political content.
P.H. JUAREZ 96/97
6
MEXICO IN BRIEF
7
Mexico in brief
Rio Grande lat the U.S. border) and the Balsas.
Area: 756,066 sq. mi.11,958,201 km:). Greatest distances
north-south, 1,250 mi. (2.012 km); east-west, 1.900 mi.
General information
(3,060 km). Coastline-6320 mi. (10,170 km).
Capital: Mexico City.
Elevation: HighestPico de Orizaba (also called
Official language: Spanish. But about 7 percent of Mexi-
Otlaltepet1), 18,410 ft. (5,610 ml. Lowest near Mexicali, 33
cans use Nahuatl, Maya, Zapotec, or some other Ameri-
ft. 110 ml below sea level.
can Indian language.
Climate: Northwest and north-central Mexico are mostly
Official name: Estados Unidos Mexicans (United Mexican
desert, with hot summers and cool to mild winters. The
northeast coast has moderate rainfall with mild winters
States).
National anthem: "Henn° Nacional de Mexico" ("National
and warm summers. Central Mexico is dry. with tempera.
Anthem of Mexicol.
tures varying according to altitude. High locations, such as
Largest cities: (1980 census; 1988 estimate for Mexico City)
Mexico City, have mild temperatures the year around.
Low-altitude locations are warmer. Southern Mexico. in-
Mexico City (8,235,744)
cluding Yucatan, is warm and moist the year around.
Guadalajara 11,650,205)
Neizahualctiyotl 11,256,115)
,141DosAf.6
Government
Ecatepec 11,218,135)
Ai) 4?
Monterrey (1,069,2381
Form of government Presidential democracy.
Chief executive: President (elected to 6-year term).
istguAsi
Li. 1)
Legislature: Congress of two houses-64-member Senate
A 1.10.,"%lim to,
and 500-member Chamber of Deputies.
ZTAYl°
judiciary: Highest court is the Supreme Court of Justice.
Political subdivisions: 31 states. 1 federal district.
3.-Arve,
People
Flag Research Center
Population: 1995 estimate-93,670,000: 1990 census-
Coat of arms. A legend
Mexico's flag, adopted in
81,140,922. 2000 estimate-102.555.000.
says the Aztec Indians built
1821, features a version of
Population density: 124 persons per sq. mi. (48 per km:1
their capital Tenochtitlan
the country's coat of arms.
Distribution: 75 percent urban, 25 percent rural.
(how Mexico City) where
The green stands for inde-
Major 4thnic/national groups: Almost entirely Mexican.
they saw an eagle perched
pendence, white for reli-
Most Mexicans are of mixed American Indian and Spanish
on a cactus and devouring a
gion, and red for union.
ancestry; Some are entirely Indian or entirely of European
snake.
descent; a few have partly black or East Asian ancestry.
Major religions: More than 90 percent Roman Catholic;
Land and climate
some Protestants, Jews, and American Indian religions.
Population trend
Land: Mexico lies in North America. It is bordered by the
United States on the north and by Guatemala and Belize
Millions
on the southeast The Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean
Sea lie to the east; the Pacific Ocean to the west and south.
90
A chain of high volcanic mountains extends east-west
Year
Population
80
6.3829S.
across southern Mexico, just south of Mexico City. Lower
1831
9.210.9)*
1873
mountain chains extend northwestward from each end of
12.63: ICC.
1895
70
the volcanic chain, forming a great U-shape of mountains.
15.1601µ
1910
14.3350
Much of north-central Mexico is a high plateau rimmed
1921
60
16.55301
1930
by these mountain ranges. The Pacific Coast in the far
19 8W:°
1940
south is rugged and has densely forested areas. The long
25.791C° ,
SO
1930
34.923 t''.
peninsula of Baja California in the northwest is mostly
1960
48.:25 C°.
1970
40
desert with some mountains. The Yucatan Peninsula in the
&WT.
1980
81.140,-
southeast is flat and forested. Mexico's chief rivers are the
1990
30
17" Wow 1..cricroxle
100.
2U
10
0-
19-
2i II',
18,5
14 r
1,4tio
18 IC,
Economy
Chief products: Agriculturecorn. beef cattle. milk whea.:
MEXICO
coffee. Manufacturingprocessed foods. motor vehicle'
iron and steel. Miningpetroleum. natural gas. iron ore,
Money: Basic unitnew peso. For value in U.S. dollars. Se`
BOWS
akonchsras
Money (table: Exchange rates,.
,
tow sg.
Foreign trade: Major exportspetroleum. motor vehicle''
Customs
Li Saoaaeor
iajor imporrsindustrial machine
and engines. coffee.
electric and electronic equipment, motor vehicles and
Cana Rica
parts. Major trading partners United States. Japan. 5P
Germany.
BEST COPY AVAILABLE
NORTH AMERICA
C
A
MEXICO
i!
THE LAND OF MEXICO consists of a
dry plateau crossed by broad valleys
I2
and enclosed to the west and east by
mountains, some of which are volcanic.
Baja California, the Yucatan Peninsula, and
the country's coasts are the main low-lying
3
home to civilizations such as the
areas. Mexico was once
"..Angel de'ia
rda
containing plazas,
Maya and Aztec, who built magnificent cities
111
I
V VILA
fabulous hoards of
palaces, and pyramids. Lured by legends of
--op4fi
invaded Mexico in
gold and silver, Spanish conquistadores
the
1519 and destroyed the Aztec Empire. For 300 years
and
Spanish ruled the country, unifying it with their language
ik
in winning
the Roman Catholic religion. Mexico succeeded
.L
41..
Mexicans are
its independence from Spain by 1821. Today, most
C.
a
o
which means they are descendants of the native peoples and
mestizo
lives in towns, many
's
the Spanish settlers. Although half the population
T2,41
people still inhabit areas only accessible on horseback,
`"
1,
tannen I
the
but rail and air transport are improving. So much of
,71nra
Los M'
of
country is mountainous or dry that only 12 percent
I
the land can be used for farming. Mexico has vast oil
an Jose I
reserves and mineral riches, but suffers
anto I
from overpopulation and huge foreign
_
,
wrralvo
Cedros Island, off the north-
debts. The North American Free Trade
west coast of Mexico
"P.
Agreement (NAFTA) adopted in 1993
promised to strengthen Mexico's economy.
4116Y
MazatIlux
TEXTILES
Although many
fabrics are now
Skeleton
made of
machine-made, some
papier-
Mexicans still practice
mdche
their traditional art of hand-
weaving colorful textiles.
This sarape, part of the
Cacti growing on Mexico's
traditional Mexican dress
THE DAY OF THE DEAD
dry central plateau.
for men, is worn over the
Mexicans believe that life is like a
I
AGRICULTURE
shoulder.
flower; it slowly opens and then closes
Although Mexico is rapidly
again. During the annual festival of the
industrializing, over half the working
Day of the Dead, the streets are
SPIKED DRINKS
population still makes its living from
decorated with flowers, and ghoulish
Teeth
The desert and dry regions
farming. They grow crops like corn,
are everywhere.
skeletons
made
1,
of Mexico are home to many
beans, and vegetables, and raise cattle,
of shell
.
varieties of the spiny-leaved
sheep, pigs, and chickens.
agave plant. Juice from two varieties is used
Aztec mask, inlaid
Popocatepetl
to make the alcoholic drinks tequila and
with turquoise.
foolish, P,, on cities like
17.900 ft (5,452 m)
depicting a god.
mezcal. The agave plant is grown on
Ammilmattruct thousands of
Mexico each year.
plantations, then cooked, crushed, and
ktaccihuatl
13
Ft.
IMirisin is now a visa,' sourZt, of
fermented. The drink is exported worldwide.
17.350 ft (5.286 m
rsnirnrcy. Lank Jar
Mountains prevent
.i,..
Ribbon
Mtmairadom: American ralr
pollution from
development along
tMorena's are brought acrsi: the
escaping
railroad routes
bard, m supplyfrxtories, or
trnquibdurr.lyhvre Mbar taco
MEXICO CITY
an,
r. 1.444.Pr,4%
The Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, was built
Fishing
Crecy&
on islands in Lake Texcoco. The city was
destroyed by the Spanish, but modem-
1:Mting
day Mexico City is built on the
`Ss
Ns.
.
Lake Texcoco
2000 it is expected
ruins. By
AD
krig
Uncontrolled
to be the world's largest city,
Poi
oil
expansion of
containing over 20 million
snit
suburbs
people. Mexico City is very
i
Limit of
CotrOn
polluted because it is surrounded by a
renter
urban area
ring of mountains which trap polluted air
Center of
r=
Atchatalo
Pores,
Mexico City
16
from cars and factories.
site
prmfurb
Ls--rmaNs.
H
I)
I
N1 E X 1 C
(,)
S
1t
Green
Maize
Silver
brooch
9311+.ii*--iia____
pepper----
134a?
4.7
.
HOT DISHES
/
Mexicans eat a wide
SILVER
variety of foods. Chili
± Mexico is rich in minerals.
peppers are an important
Spanish settlers discovered silver
ingredient and are used to add
in the mountains of the Sierra Madre in
spice and fire to many dishes.
the 16th century. Today, Mexico
Pancakes, or
tortillas,
form the
supplies one-fifth of the world's silver,
if
basis of most meals. They are made
some of which is made into fine jewelry.
MUSIC
from corn or wheat flour and can be
Look for A
Traditional folk music is very popular in
filled with meat, vegetables, and cheese.
bands like these wear
Mexico. Mariachi
colorful clothes and play and sing in cafés
Chili
and plazas all over the country.
7.1\1
Red snapper is a
SOUVENIR SELLERS
THE CHEW IN GUM
favorite dish, fried
14
Thousands of people find
In the forests of Mexico
or grilled.
ways of making a living
grows the wild sapodilla
in the crowded streets of
tree, from which a milky
Mexico City. Vendors
white sap called
chicle
is
sell food, clothes, and
extracted. When processed, the sap
lottery tickets; small boys
becomes a gum, the vital ingredient
earn a few
as fire-
pesos
that makes chewing gum chewy.
eaters while others sell
souvenirs to tourists.
Temple
Pyramid
platform
.1157
6
Saddle
horn
saddle',
SUPER SADDLERY
Straps for
Many horses are
'''
bred on the northern
LURE OF THE PAST
This 12th-century Mayan pyramid in'
grasslands. Horses were
I
J
brought to Mexico by the city of Chichen Itza is one of the
f-
the Spanish in the 16th
many buildings left by the ancient
Leather
17
century. Many Mexicans are
civilizations which once inhabited
expert riders. They use leather Mexico. Four stairways lead up to a
saddles made by local craftsmen.
beautifully carved temple. Look for
9
Cozumel Island, off the coast
Madero
of the Yucatdn Peninsula.
col
BLACK GOLD
Mexico's rich reserves of oil and
natural gas are vital to its economy.
Oil is found mainly along the Bay of
Campeche and sent to refineries like
zumel
I.
this one Look for.A.
c 0
Of MeXI
a)' Of Campeche
"
13
+Oak
1,7s.
.
Acapu
A
14
N
"
Gut! of Te
15
N
Popocateped is a dormant
Tap
snow-covered volcano.
Colossal stone head made
by the Olmec people, the
400 KM
250 350
300
10
first Central American
2011
16
civilization.
250 MILES
150
0
O
N
T
P
39
BEST COPY AVAILABLE'