ERIC ED409156: Vecinos y Rehabilitation: Assessing the Needs of Indigenous People with Disabilities in Mexico. Final Report [English Version] = Vecinos y Rehabilitation: Evaluacion de las Necesidades de los Indigenas con Discapacidades en Mexico. Reporte

253 Pages·1996·3 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
RC 021 109
ED 409 156
Marshall, Catherine A.; And Others
AUTHOR
Vecinos y Rehabilitation: Assessing the Needs of Indigenous
TITLE
People with Disabilities in Mexico. Final Report [English
Version] = Vecinos y Rehabilitation: Evaluacion de las
Necesidades de los Indigenas con Discapacidades en Mexico.
Reporte Final [Version en Espanol].
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff. American Indian
INSTITUTION
Rehabilitation Research and Training Center.
National Inst. on Disability and Rehabilitation Research
SPONS AGENCY
(ED/OSERS), Washington, DC.
PUB DATE
96
NOTE
255p.
H133B30068
CONTRACT
American Indian Rehabilitation Research and Training Center,
AVAILABLE FROM
Northern Arizona University, Institute for Human
Development, P.O. Box 5630, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 ($10,
specify English or Spanish version).
Multilingual/Bilingual
Descriptive (141)
Reports
PUB TYPE
Materials (171)
English, Spanish
LANGUAGE
MFO1 /PC11 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
Access to Education; *American Indians; Community Services;
DESCRIPTORS
*Disabilities; *Educational Needs; Elementary Secondary
Education; Employment; *Employment Problems; Family
Involvement; Foreign Countries; Indigenous Populations;
Mexicans; Needs Assessment; *Rehabilitation; Research Needs;
Rural Areas
*Access to Services; *Mexico (Oaxaca); Training Needs
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
Available in English and Spanish, this document reports on a
survey of the circumstances and needs of disabled indigenous people in Oaxaca
state, Mexico. Assisted by a Oaxaca disabilities consumer organization and an
advisory committee of government officials, health care educators, community
service providers, and indigenous people with disabilities, U.S. researchers
conducted the project to determine the feasibility of research and training
projects for disabled indigenous people in Mexico and to initiate information
exchange in Mexico involving experts in rehabilitation and Native peoples. A
culturally sensitive survey instrument was developed and administered to 232
indigenous adults and children with disabilities in rural and urban areas of
Oaxaca state. Results indicate a great need for education, rehabilitation,
and employment. The majority of adult respondents had no education or had
attended only elementary school; most school-age children with disabilities
were not in school. Rehabilitation services were much more available in urban
areas than in rural areas and involved medical rehabilitation or physical
therapy. Vocational rehabilitation services did not exist. However,
respondents indicated great interest in the development of community
education programs, family education programs, and vocational rehabilitation.
Most adult male respondents, but only a third of adult females, were
employed, often marginally. Recommendations are offered for future
international research. Contains 26 references. Appendices include a
+++++ ED409156 Has Multi-page SFR
Level =l +++++
conference program, three presentations, and a summary of roundtables at the
Dia Internacional del Discapacitado conference held in December 1995.
(SV)
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Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
*
*
from the original document.
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*
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Vecinos y Rehabilitation:
Assessing the Needs of Indigenous
People with Disabilities in Mexico
Final Report
1996
[English Version]
Catherine A. Marshall, Ph.D., CRC
George S. Gotto, IV, M.A.
German Perez Cruz
Pedro Flores Rey
Gabriela Garcia Juarez
American Indian Rehabilitation Research and Training Center
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Mica of Educational Research ano inlOrovement
E
CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER (ERIC)
"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE
This document has been reproduced as
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received from the person or organization
MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED
BY
originating it.
Pr
NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY
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Minor changes have been made to
improve reproduction quality.
Sa.c\ct
et.5611
Points of view or opinions stated in this
Institute for Human Development
document do not necessarily represent
official OERI position or policy.
University Affiliated Program
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."
PO Box 5630
Flagstaff, Arizona 86011
Funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR)
Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, DC
Grant No. H133B30068
The contents of this report are the responsibility of the American Indian Rehabilitation Research and Training Center
and no official endorsement by the U.S. Department of Education should be inferred.
Northern Arizona University is an Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Institution
BEST COPY AVA6LABLE_
Vecinos y Rehabilitation:
Assessing the Needs of Indigenous
People with Disabilities in Mexico
Final Report
1996
Catherine A. Marshall, Ph.D., CRC
George S. Gotto, IV, M.A.
German Perez Cruz
Pedro Flores Rey
Gabriela Garcia Juarez
American Indian Rehabilitation Research and Training Center
Institute for Human Development
University Affiliated Program
PO Box 5630
Flagstaff, Arizona 86011
[phone]
3
In memoriam
Gabriela Garcia Juarez
March 11, 1962
- August 12, 1996
In addition to being a member of the Vecinos y Rehabilitation research team, and
among her many accomplishments, Gabriela Garcia Juarez was the founder of La
Asociacion de Mujeres Discapacitadas de Oaxaca [Association of Women with
Disabilities in Oaxaca] and its Taller de Pintura Textil [Painted Fabrics Workshop].
She was a leader in the fight to eliminate all barriers that stop people with
disabilities from fully participating in their communities. In 1996, Gabriela was a
founder of El Centro de Rehabilitacion Integral en Oaxaca and was El Centro's
Administrative Associate, as well as the Coordinator of Women's Programs. Gaby
was a dear friend and colleague who will be greatly missed. We hope that this final
report will help advance Gaby's work, as we dedicate the report to her.
"Dreams have but one virtue, their individuality in order to forge new
Simple though they may be, they represent the mystical and what is
histories.
appropriate in the sense of what it means to live for the sake of living, and to
live because you want to live well and better."
German Perez Cruz
"I would like to talk about what motivated her to establish the Asociacion de
It was because she felt that women have a secondary role in society
Mujeres.
and it's more pronounced if you're disabled and even more pronounced if
you don't have work....
Therefore, the goal we've set is a constant battle to
overcome obstacles and to be active and to become integrated into the society
The economic aspect is very important so that we can have
in which we live.
a secure income through work and thus break the barriers that exist in
You can be sure that Gabriela's struggle will not end with these
Oaxaca.
words."
Lourdes Garcia Juarez
"When the Taller de Pintura Textil, which now bears the name of 'Gaby' was
established, it was based on her idea that one of the best ways for women with
disabilities in the state of Oaxaca to develop was through self-employment."
Rosa Gonzalez Antonio
"What is the status of women in Oaxaca?
We're at a stage in which we
struggle within ourselves and on our own against a society that doesn't
understand, against a deplorable economic status..., as well as understanding
that women and men should have the same work conditions.
Women with
disabilities are seeking this equality, not only with men or with their culture,
but within themselves."
-- Gabriela Garcia Juarez
4
Table of Contents
List of Tables
vi
List of Figures
Epigraph
v i i
viii
Acknowledgments
Summary
xi
INTRODUCTION
1
Indigenous Culture in Oaxaca
5
Research Questions
6
7
METHODOLOGY
History of Project
7
Participants
8
Procedure
9
Instrumentation
9
Data Analysis
10
RESULTS
10
Quantitative Data
10
General Overview
10
Regional Comparisons
14
Gender Comparisons
18
Child versus Adult Comparisons
22
Qualitative Data
27
General Characteristics
27
Employment
31
Rehabilitation
33
Mobility
33
Education
34
Consumer Identification of Needs
35
Employment
37
Support
38
Prevention
39
Rehabilitation
40
Education
41
Support for families
41
Needs of women with disabilities
42
Consumer Questions and Suggestions
42
Interviewer Description of Functional Limitations
44
Interviewer Identification of Needs
47
Interviewer Personal Commentary
48
Feasibility of Long-Range Research
52
DISCUSSION
54
Research Processes and Dynamics
57
The Exchange of Knowledge and Skills
58
CONCLUSIONS
59
RECOMMENDATIONS
61
Research Process
61
Participating Communities
62
References
64
Survey Instrument
Appendix A:
68
Dia Internacional del Discapacitado: Conference Program,
Appendix B:
Presentations by Ovaldo Galicia Garcia, Association of People with
Disabilities in the Mixteca, and Rigoberto Mendoza Bohorques,
Union of People with Disabilities from Puerto Escondido
70
iii
Dia Internacional del Discapacitado: Presentation by
Appendix C:
Juan Are li Bernal Alcantara, Mixe Community
Institute, Kong Oy
84
Dia Internacional del Discapacitado: Roundtable Sessions
Appendix D:
and Recommendations for Action
92
A Commentary and a Challenge, German Perez Cruz
Appendix E:
and Pedro Flores Rey, Acceso Libre, and Map of Mexico
98
iv 7
List of Tables
Educational Level and Employment Status of Adult Respondents
Table
12
1
Resources and/ or Institutions Utilized by Respondents
Table
14
2
Employment Status of Adults in the Three Geographic Regions
Table
16
3
Geographic Area and Disability Status of Survey Respondents
4
17
Table
Employment Status of Adult Males and Females
Table
19
5
Education Status of Males and Females
Table
20
6
Education Status of Adult Males and Adult Females
Table 6A
21
Employment Status of Children and Adults
24
Table
7
Assistance Received by Children and Adults
Table
26
8
Education Level and Employment Status of Adult Respondents
27
Table
9
Response Rate to Open-ended Questions
Table 10
29
Frequency Rates for Each of the Mnemonic Codes
Table 11
30
Consumer Identification of Needs
Table 12
36
Consumer Questions and Suggestions
Table 13
43
Interviewer Description of Functional Limitations
Table 14
45
Interviewer Identification of Needs
Table 15
48
Interviewer Personal Commentary
Table 16
50
List of Figures
Geographic Regions of Respondents
Figure 1
11
Disabilities Among Respondents
Figure 2
13
Disability by Gender of Respondents
Figure 3
22
Disability for Adult vs. Child Respondents
Figure 4
25
vi 9