ERIC ED380330: Vietnam. National Studies. Asia-Pacific Programme of Education for All.

57 Pages·1991·1.1 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
SO 024 205
ED 380 330
Vietnam. National Studies. Asia-Pacific Programme of
TITLE
Education for All.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
INSTITUTION
Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Principal Regional
Office for Asia and the Pacific.
PUB DATE
91
NOTE
57p.
AVAILABLE FROM
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization, Principal Regional Office for Asia and
the Pacific, P.O. Box 967, Prakanong Post Office,
Bangkok 10110, Thailand,
PUB TYPE Descriptive
Information Analyses (070)
Reports
(141)
MF01/PC03 Plus Postage.
EARS PRICE
*Adult Basic Education; *Basic Skills; Developing
DESCRIPTORS
Nations; Educational Assessment; Educational
Cooperation; Educational Planning; *Educational
Policy; Educational Research; Elementary Education;
*Equal Education; Foreign Countries; *Literacy
Asia Pacific Programme of Education for All; UNESCO;
IDENTIFIERS
*Vietnam
ABSTRACT
This study examines the work of the Asia-Pacific
Programme of Education for All (APPEAL) since its 1987 inception.
Efforts to assess educational achievement at the local, regional, and
national levels in Vietnam are examined with a view to achieving
universal primary education; eradicating illiteracy; and providing
continuing education in support of the above objectives. Chapters
include: (1) "Achieving Education for All: An Analysis"; (2) "Primary
(3) "Statistics and
Education during the Past Three Decades";
Projections for the Future"; and (4) "Main Strategies to Achieve
Education for All." Statistical data are presented, noting that the
country's population doubles within 30 years and that the number of
childrel registering to go to school is only about 50 percent of the
total population in the ages of 6-10 years. Suggested strategies to
address the program goals focus on a synchronized strategy for
literacy training with the universalization of primary education and
provision of complementary education fot adults, under the auspices
of a central Commission for Coordination in Guidance of Literacy and
Universalization of 1st Level Education.
(EH)
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UNESCO. Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific.
National studies: Viet Nam. Bangkok, 1991.
47 p. (Asia-Pacific Programme of Education for All)
1. PRIMARY EDUCATION
VIET NAM. 2. UNIVERSAL
VIET NAM. 3. LITERACY
EDUCATION
VIET NAM.
I. Title.
II. Series.
379.5
379.24
0
.
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II
National Studies:
UNESCO
UNESCO PRINCIPAL REGIONAL OFFICE
FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
4
Bangkok, 1991
© UNESCO 1991
Published by the
UNESCO Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
P.O. Box 967, Prakanong Post Office
Bangkok 10110, Thailand
Printed in Thailand
The designations employed and the presentation of material
throughout the
publication do not imply the expression of
any opinion whatsoever on the pan of UNESCO
concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city
or area or of its authorities, or
concerning its frontiers or boundaries.
5
BKL/91/M/143-1000
Contents
Preface
Summary
Chapter 1
Achieving Education for All: An Analysis
1
Chapter 2
Primary Education during the Past Three Decades
5
Chapter 3
Statistics and Projections for the Future
13
Chapter 4
Main Strategies to Achieve Education for All
27
6
Preface
The Asia-Pacific Programme of Education for All (APPEAL) was launched on 23 February
1987 from New Delhi, India by the then Director-General of UNESCO.
Through regional co-operation APPEAL aims to facilitate the national efforts of the
Member States in Asia and the Pacific with a view to:
Achieving universal primary education;
a)
Eradicating illiteracy; and
b)
Providing continuing education in support of (a) and (b) above.
c)
After the launching of APPEAL, the Member States formed National Co-ordination
Mechanisms for APPEAL to mobilize public opinion in favour of literacy programmes,
primary education and continuing education, and strengthening those programmes at
Member States have organized
government as well as non-governmental levels. Many
in
national special events like seminars and workshops to mark the launching of APPEAL
their respective countries. As of December 1989,20 Member States have formed National
Co-ordination Committees for APPEAL or designed existing organizations as National
India,
Co-ordination Mechanisms for APPEAL Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, China,
Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Samoa, Thailand and Viet Nam.
APPEAL
In order to assist the Member States to formulate national strategies to implement
Pacific
in their countries, the UNESCO Principal Regional Office for Asia and the
in
(PROAP) organized a Regional Workshop for National Co-ordinators of APPEAL
co-operation with the Ministry of Education and Government of Thailand in Chiangmai,
Thailand August 1987. This workshop discussed and developed approaches and strategies
It was attended by 31
and local levels.
to implement APPEAL at the regional, national
in
primary education, literacy, and continuing education experts from 16 Member States
Asia and the Pacific.
countries
Tangible outputs of this regional workshop were national plans of participating
sincere
and a regional plan of action for the implementation of APPEAL, as well as a
with vigor the
commitment from the participants of the countries represented to pursue
implementation of APPEAL.
7
UNESCO convened the first Meeting for Regional Co-ordination of APPEAL in Bangkok,
Thailand, November 1988. Preparatory to this First Meeting for the Regional Co-ordina-
tion of APPEAL, UNESCO/PROAP requested the National Co-ordination
Committee/Mechanism to conduct a National Study of APPEAL highlighting achieve-
ment, problems, policies and plans to achieve the goals of APPEAL.
The National Studies was submitted to the First Meeting for Regional Co-ordination of
APPEAL which discussed the issues raised by the national studies and made a number of
suggestions to UNESCO and the Member States for the improvement of plans, progress
and strategies for achieving the goals of APPEAL.
UNESCO/PROAP is very grateful to the National Co-ordination Commit-
tee/Mechanisms for APPEAL and the National Commission for UNESCO in the Member
States for providing the national studies and making it available for all people concerned.
Unesco also acknowledge the contribution made by individual scholars to prepare the
studies,
The national studies provide very valuable information, data and insight of planned and
existing programmes in literacy, primary education and continuing education.
UNESCO/PROAP is therefore, very happy to publish it and make it available for all
interested.
Summary
Within the framework of APPEAL the policy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is to
make all working people literate and conduct follow-up activities to consolidate their skills
in reading writing and arithmetic. The policy also calls for the universalization of primary
education among all children in the age group 6-15 years.
The universalization of primary education still presents a host of difficulties. Population
growth in Viet Nam remains rapid. Despite 30 years of war the Vietnamese population still
doubles within 30 years. Each year between 1.5 and 1.7 children are born, presenting great
problems for the education system. The number of children registering to go to school is
only about 50 per cent of the total population in the age bracket 6-10 years. Because of the
deficiencies of the primary education system, particularly in the mountainous and remote
regions, and the large number of drop-outs, the number of illiterates tends to rise with every
passing day. This calls for a synchronized strategy for literacy training. Universalization of
primary education needs to be accompanied by the provision of complementary education
for adults to consolidate and retain their literacy sk:Ils.
In 1980 the estimated number of illiterates in Viet Nam was 4,621,000. Over the next 10
that the entire
years approximately 2.5 million people will be made literate each year so
population is likely to be literate by the year 2000. By 1995 literacy training and univer-
salization of primary education is to be completed for all children throughout the country
with the exception of those living in utterly disadvantaged areas.
A central Commission for Coordination in Guidance of Literacy and Universalization of
1st Level Education was set up, composed of an Education Vice-Minister as Chairman and
10 executive members department chiefs and deputy chiefs) representing Departments for
Complementary Education, General Education, Planning and Accountancy, Personnel,
Training and Retraining, International Cooperation, and Institute of Educational Sciences
of Viet Nam. Its Secretariat consists of cadres from the Ministry of Education and UNESCO
National Commission. The APPEAL National Commission plans to include repre-
sentatives from such non-educational institutions as Culture and Information, Youth,
Women, Trade Union, and Public Health.
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