Table Of Content

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 377 075 SE 055 591 TITLE Water Sourcebook. Grades 3-5. INSTITUTION Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville. PUB DATE Jan 94 NOTE 534p. AVAILABLE FROM Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe St., Alexandria, VA 22314-1994 ($21.95, 50 or more $12 each). PUB TYPE Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Guides Teacher) (052) EDRS PRICE MF02/PC22 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Activities; Drinking Water; Elementary Education; *Environmental Education; Groundwater; Instructional Materials; Interdisciplinary Approach; Teaching Guides; *Water Pollution; *Water Quality; *Water Resources IDENTIFIERS Environmental Education Activities; Surface Water; Water Conservation ABSTRACT The goal of this supplemental activity guide for elementary students in grades 3-5 is to develop awareness, knowledge, and skills for sound water use decisions. Materials developed for the program are compatible with existing curriculum standards established by State Boards of Education throughout the United States and teach concepts included in those standards by using water quality information as the content. The guide is divided into five chapters that cover the topics of: (2) drinking water and (1) an introduction; wastewater treatment; (3) groundwater; (4) surface water; and (5) wetlands. Sixty-one activities including "hands-on" components are designed to blend with existing curricula in the areas of general science, language arts, math, social studies, art, and, in some cases, reading or other areas. Each activity details: (1) objectives; (2) subjects; (3) time necessary; (4) materials; (5) background information; (6) advance preparation; (7) procedure (including activity, follow-up, and extension); and (8) resources. Contains factsheets and a 273-word glossary. (LZ) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** . ..N Lt.. 2.. g t7 b. "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY L. LIDKarQ IN ER . GRADES TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." 3-5 OtiRCEBOOK U.S. DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION Office of Educahorml SOURCE and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) is documnt has Men reproduced as ,.,,. wowed from flu) parson or ospanization a originating flinV fn" 0 Minor chervil& have been made to wnpeove ...,...,..,.: reproduction (welds o....,i1 i 1 4 Points of vow ot °gnarls staled in this docu- rtntnt do not mower*/ fontsont edlictol ,_ OE 111 position at podcy Water Environment Federation Preserving & Enhancing the Global Water Environment WATER SOURCEBOOK A Series of Cle-sroom Activities for Grades 3-5 Produced for LEGACY, INC. Partners in Environmental Education in cooperation with U.S. 'ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Prepared by TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY Environmental Education Section January 1994 # ZB1403 3 DISCLAIMER This document was prepared for Legacy, Inc. (not for profit organization) by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), through the Alabama Department of Environmental Management in cooperation with teachers in the Southeastern United States and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Neither the teachers, NA, EPA, Legacy, Inc., nor any persons acting on their behalf: a. make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the use of any information contained in this document, or that the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this document may not infringe on privately owned rights; or b. assume any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this document. This document does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the above partners. The use of specific brand names or products should not be construed as an endorsement by any of the partners. NA, EPA, and Legacy, Inc. are equal opportunity and affirmative action employers. These partners also ensure that the benefits of programs receiving their financial assistance are available to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, national origin, handicap, or age. To order copies of the Water Sourcebook, write to the Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994 USA, or call (800) 666-0206. For information about the Water Sourcebook project, contact John Judy, TVA, (615) 632-1670; Kristy Watkins, EPA, (404) 347-2913; or Lorraine Loken, WEF, (703) 684-2487. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Project Staff John Judy, Current Project Coordinator, TVA Anne E. Lyon, Former Project Coordinator, WA Wayne Aronson, Project Coordinator, EPA Rita Wayco, Assistant Project Coordinator, EPA Charles Horn, Project Coordinator, Legacy, Inc. Patricia Hurley, Project Coordinator, Legacy, Inc. B. Carol Smith, Editor in Chief, TVA Melinda Andrews, Assistant Editor, TVA Mark McNeely, Assistant Editor, TVA Gena Minton, Word Processor, TVA Richard Harrison, Writer, On-Target Creative Claudia Denton, Illustrator, Denton, Inc. ActimitylangTeam Rosalyn McKeown-Ice, Coordinator Karen Anderson, Tellico Plains, Tennessee Michael Crabtree, Maryville, Tennessee Judy Haun, Maryville, Tennessee Cynthia Hodges, Knoxville, Tennessee Gregory Lassiter, Knoxville, Tennessee Shirlie McCullough, Rockwood, Tennessee Tony Norman, Knoxville, Tennessee Doris Poppelreiter, Maryville, Tennessee Martha G. sanders, Knoxville, Tennessee Aaron Staple, Knoxville, Tennessee Anita Whitehead, Vonore, Tennessee Field Testing Teacher4 Tammy Alexander, Meridianville, Alabama Ruth Archer, Memphis, Tennessee Joyce Ann Barksdale, Huntingdon, Tennessee Too lie Barnett, Humbuldt, Tennessee Tammy Bearden, Leesburg, Alabama Melba Faye Bell, Martin, Tennessee Nancy Biggs, Greenfield, Tennessee Jeanne Burgess, Cherokee, North Carolina Lin Cannon, Cherokee, North Carolina Beverly Cantrell, Paris, Tennessee Nancy Causey, Mosheim, Tennessee Rita S. Cobb, Halls, Tennessee Cynthia Cobble, Mosheim, Tennessee Cathy Cook, Huntsville, Alabama Kim Denman, Henry, Tennessee Michael Edmonds, Gray, Tennessee Shirley Gregg, Mosheim, Tennessee Debra Hall, Camden, Tennessee Alabama Edith Hammond, Ha.4 Sherry Hatchel, Dresden, Tennessee Sandra Hayes, Johnson City, Tennessee Martha Lee Lacy, Union City, Tennessee Janet Linville, Section, Alabama Lynne Meisch, Marietta, Georgia Susan Ramer, Dyersburg, Tennessee Gloria Ramsey, Memphis, Tennessee Neklie Ramsey, Trenton, Tennessee Laverne Roberts, Cherokee, North Carolina Gay Robertson, Henderson, Tennessee Linda Robinson, Gray, Tennessee Jenny Sanders, Albertville, Alabama Janice Beach Searcy, Union City, Tennessee Delores Seay, Mosheim, Tennessee Pam Seymour, McKenzie, Tennessee Pam Shaneyfelt, Millington, Tennessee Julia Snyder, Mosheim, Tennessee Barbara Still, Vinemont, Alabama Robin Swarm, Centre, Alabama Amy Taylor, Mosheim, Tennessee Linda Thoresen, Cherokee, North Carolina Patsy Warren, Athens, Alabama Reviewers by Organization* Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Alabama Department of Environmental Management American Ground Water Trust, Dublin, Ohio American Waterworks Association, Denver, Colorado Association of State Drinking Water Administrators, Arlington, Virginia Cahaba River Society, Birmingham, Alabama Center for Environmental, Energy, and Science Education, University of North Alabama, Florence, Alabama Cherokee Central Schools, Cherokee, North `,arolina Cobb County-Marietta Water Authority, Marietta, Georgia Cobb County Schools, Marietta, Georgia Consolidated Papers Inc., Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Delaware Nature Society, Hockessin, Delaware Fishburn Park Elementary School, Roanoke, Virginia Freshwater Foundation, Wayzata, Minnesota Georgia Department of Education Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Atlanta, Georgia Gilmanton Iron Works, New Hampshire Howard Needles Tammen and Bergendoff Company, Dallas, Texas Legacy, Inc., Montgomery, Alabama National Science Teachers Association, Arlington, Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Society, Ankeny, Iowa State of Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction Union Camp Corporation, Princeton, New Jersey University of Wisconsin Extension (UWEX) U.S. Department of Interior, Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Water Education Foundation, Sacramento, California Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, Virginia Water Management, WA, Knoxville, Tennessee *Individuals listed in rear of guide. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Correlations iv Chapter 1 - Introduction to Water Water Chemistry 1-1 Water, Water Everywhere! 1-5 The Returning Raindrop 1-9 Water All Over the World 1-17 Let's Go Down Under! 1-23 By the Sea 1-33 Shedding Light on Watersheds 1-39 Planning Land L 1-45 What's the DKR ,e? 1-51 For Sale: Useo dater 1-59 Water's Journey 1-73 Saving A Resource in Jeopardy 1-79 What a Water Job! 1-85 Chapter 2 - Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment "ater Goes Around and Comes Around 2-1 Water Works 2-9 Will That Hold Water? 2-19 The Invisible Water Source 2-29 Hard or Soft? 2-33 Get the Salt Out! 2-39 The Main Drain 2-45 The Wastewater Story 2-51 Wetland in a Bottle 2-63 Settling the Wastewater Problem 2-73 Waste Not, Want Not 2-79 Water Patrol 2-89 Chapter 3 - Surface Water Resources A Salt- Water -y World 3-1 Watery Words and Places 3-7 Living in Water 3-13 Posted! No Fishing, No Swimming 3-19 Cleaning Up 3-23 Acid Rain, Go Away! 3-31 N, B, & T: Pollutants Three 3-35 Stop That Sediment 3-41 Working Together to Prevent Pollution 3-47 Water-Wise Landscaping 3-53 Whose Water Is It? 3-59 Pollution Pete Patrol 3-63 Chapter 4 - Groundwater Resources 4-1 Aquifer Adventure 4-9 Believe It or Notl 4.15 At a Snail's Pace? 4-23 Porosity & Permeability: "Down and Dirty" 4-31 Checks and Balances 4-39 Wells: A Deep Subject 4-47 Cap a Chemical 4-55 Flush Your Troubles Away 4-63 A Tale of Ooze 4-73 Stamp Out L.U.S.T. 4-83 Down on the Farm, Down in the Water 4-91 Goin` With the Flow Chapter 5 - Wetlands and Coastal Waters Wonderful, Waterful Wetlands Home, Wet Home c-13 To Whom It May Concern 5-21 What Can You Do? 'i -27 Where Did It Wear? 5-33 You Must Have Been a Beautiful "Bay-Bee" 5-77 Down in the Ocean Dumps! 5.41 The Inside on Red Tide 5-45 Trees By the Sea 5-53 Estuary Water 5-57 Coastal Conservation Scavenger Hunt 5-66 Coastal Food Web Glossary G-1 Factsheets The Water Cycle F-1 F-3 Watersheds F-5 The Community Water Environment Water Quality F. 7 F-9 Water Pollution F-13 Water Pollution Prevention F-17 Water Quality Legislation F-19 Wastewater Treatment Alternative Wastewater Treatment Methods F-21 F-23 Septic Tanks and Septic System Alternatives F-25 CommerciaVIndustrial Wastewater Treatment F-27 Emerging Wastewater Treatment Issues F-29 Drinking Water Drinking Water Treatment F-31 F-33 Drinking Water Contamination Emerging Issues: Drinking Water F-35 Water Conservation F-37 F-39 Surface Water Aquatic Ecosystems F-41 Surface Water Quality Standards F-43 F-45 Land Use and Water Quality Surface Water Issues F-51 9 Groundwater F-53 F-55 Groundwater Problems Coastal Wetlands F-59 Freshwater Wetlands F-61 F-63 Coastal Wetlands Issues Destruction of Wetlands F-65 Water Related Careers F-67 Appendix Individuals Providing Technical Review Services A-1 41) 10 A