ERIC ED367805: 1983 Vocational Education Graduates in 1987. A Study Based on Federal Income Tax Data.

83 Pages·1993·1.7 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
CE 065 828
ED 367 805
Ghazal4h, I. A.
AUTHOR
1983 Vocational Education Graduates in 1987. A Study
TITLE
Based on Federal Income Tax Data.
Ohio Univ., Athens.
INSTITUTION
Ohio State Dept. of Education, Columbus. Div. of
SPONS AGENCY
Vocational and Career Education.
PUB DATE
93
119p.; For related reports, see CE 065 827-829.
NOTE
Statistical
Research/Technical (143)
Reports
PUB TYPE
Data (110)
MF01/PC05 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
*Associate Degrees; Comparative Analysis; Educational
DESCRIPTORS
Status Comparison; Employment Patterns; *High School
Graduates; High Schools; *Income; Job Training;
*Outcomes of Education; Postsecondary Education;
Salary Wage Differentials; State Aid; State Surveys;
Tables (Data); Taxes; *Vocational Education;
Vocational Followup
*Ohio
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
A 1987 study that examined the economic performance
of 23,500 graduates in 1983 of 14 vocational programs in Ohio used
federal income tax records. Twelve of the programs with 21,857
graduates wele at the secondary level, and 2 with 1,643 graduates
were at the associate level. The incomes of vocational graduates were
compared to income of equivalent groups in the general population.
The study also investigated the geographic mobility of vocational
graduates since 1979. Results showed predominantly higher incomes for
vocrtional graduates than for the general population. The result
va.:ed by vocational program, but the ratios were higher than 1 for
the 1979 graduates in all programs. The income advantage ranged from
10 to 79 percent for graduates of secondary programs and from 11 to
68 percent for graduates of associate programs. (An executive summary
and 46 tables and diagrams are provided.)
(YLB)
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Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
from the original document.
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votational programs is a primary factor in the
The economic performance of graduates of
the performance of students who completed
evaluation of vocational education. This study evaluates
state-funded vocational job-training programs in Ohio.
federal income tax records. The data
The study uses an original source of information
Returns Master
Internal Revenue Service from its Information
were provided in batch form by the
regarding disclosure of personal information.
File in full compliance with the strict requirements
of 23,500 graduates in 1983 of fourteen
This study examines the performance in 1987
graduates were at the secondary level, and
vocational programs. Twelve of the programs with 21,857
(second-year college) level.
two with 1,643 graduates at the associate
compared to those in the general population at
The incomes of vocational graduates were
equivalent
and geographical location. Data on the
the same age bracket, educational achievement
Income of
based on Bureau of the Census, Money
groups in the general population were
1987 and East North Central 1988
United States
Households Families and Persons in the
Incorporated Places.
Capita Income Estimates for Counties and
Population and 1987
higher incomes of vocational graduates than
The results of the study indicate predominately
bracket and years of schooling, i.e. 18-24
others in the general population who are of the same age
and 25-34 years old and
school for Secondary Vocational graduates,
years old and 4 years of high
graduates.
1-3 years of college for Associate Vocational
the average
graphs show the ratio in 1987 of
The following tables and the corresponding
The
the average income of the equivalent group.
income earned by 1983 vocational graduates to
than 1. The income
associate programs are higher
ratios for graduates of all secondary and
and 68% for
of secondary programs and 11%
advantage ranges from 10% to 79% for graduates
graduates of associate programs.
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Secondary Vocational Graduates
Ratios of Mean Income of 1 98 3
Population
Equivalent Group in the General
to Mean Income of
(1987 Tax Year)
Vocational Graduates
Compared to Equivalent Group
Vocational Program
Fercentage Adyantage
Mean Income Ratio
20%
1.20
Agricultural Production
and Horticulture
38%
1.38
Marketing
79%
1.79
Health Occupations Education
10%
1.10
Home Economics
50%
1.50
Accounting, Computing and
Business Data Processing
60%
1.60
General Office Clerk, Stenographic,
Secretarial and Related Occupations
33%
1.33
Auto Mechanics
35%
135
Carpentry
45%
1.45
Electronics
64%
1.64
Machine Shop
11%
1.11
Cosmetology
12%
1.12
Occupational Work Experience
Secondary Programs
1.8-Z
+ 46% + 64% + 11% + 12%
4. 50% + GO% + 33% + 35%
+ 29% + 10%
+ 20%
+ 38%
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Vocational Graduates
Ratios of Mean Income of 1983 Associate
General Population
in the
to Mean Income of Equivalent Group
(1987 Tax Year)
Vocational Graduates
Compared to Equivalent Group
Vocational Program
Percentage Advantage
Mean Income Ratio
68%
1.68
Health Occupations Education
11%
1.11
Technical Education
Associate Degree Programs
2.0
Health Occupation.
Technical Education
+ 68%
6
1983
Vocational Education
Graduates
in 1987
A Study Based on
5eiend Income Tgt Data
tY
2. A. gfiazafah
Professor cf Economics
Ohio 'University
Ohio University
Athens, Ohio 45701
1993
7
The research project reported herein was performed pursuant to agreement with the Ohio
Department of Education's Division of Vocational and Career Eclucation. Contractors undertaking
such projects under government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their professional
judgment in the conduct of the project. This research does not necessarily represent official positions
of the Ohio Department of Education.
Ted Sanders
Superintendent of Public Instruction
State of Ohio
It is the policy of the Ohio Department of Education, Division of Vocational and Career Education, that
educational activities, employment, programs, and services are offered without regard to race, color, national
origin, sex, religion, handicap, or age.
PREFACE
The purpose of this study is to evaluate vocational education by examining the economic
performance of vocational graduates. In its measurement of this performance, the study uses an
federal income tax records. The Internal Revenue Service provided
original source of information
the data in batch form in full compliance with the strict requirements for protection of personal
inform ation.
I am deeply indebted to many individuals and organizations for their assistance and
cooperation in the design and implementation of this study. At the Internal Revenue Service, Dr.
Fritz Scheuren, Director, Statistics of Income Division lent his gracious support and encouragement
to the research effort. Mr. Peter Sailer provided encouragement, valuable coordination and advice.
Ms. Dodie Riley was a source of insightful advice, unfailing support, effectiveness and genuine
interest in the project. Ms. Cathy Katz and Mr. Ray Salen organized and processed the data with
ability and dedication.
Dr. Darrell L Parks, Director, Vocational and Career Education, Ohio Department of
Education gave his persistent and keen support to the research project. Dr. G. James Pinchak,
Associate Director, was a valuable source of encouragement, judicious coordination and advice at
different stages of the research.
Mr. David Sarchet served very ably in computer programming and data processing. Mr.
Matloob Piracha performed important data processing and research assistance. Ms. Elisha Nuzum
and Ms. Catherine Kupec provided capable and dedicated research assistance. Ms. Shahida
Abubakar, Ms. Sri A. Abubakar, Mr. Nanda J. Karanaganda, Ms. Wai Man Wong, Mr. Naiying Yu,
Mr. Zhang Yu, and Ms. Xiu-Zhen Zhao performed effective data processing and research assistance.
Mr. Rob Painter provided valuable assistance including graphic map design. Mrs. Becky Huff
performed the task of processing, typing and related graphics. She did so with high ability, patience,
and dedication.
I. A. Ghazalah
Athens, Ohio
II
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LE1 I ER OF TRANSMITTAL
PREFACE
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iii
LIST OF TABLES AND DIAGRAMS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
..
CHAPTER II THE 1983 SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATES
7
Income of 1983 Secondary Vocational Graduates:
A.
1987 Income Tabulations
14
Geographic Mobility of 1983 Secondary
B.
Vocational Graduates
29
Income of 1983 Secondary Vocational Graduates:
C.
Comparison With Equivalent Groups
32
Income of 1983, 1982, 1981 and 1980 Secondary Vocational Graduates
D.
Four Years Following Their Graduation: A Comparison
35
Income of 1983, 1982, 1981 and 1980 Secondary Vocational Graduates Four
E.
Years Following Graduation: Comparison With Equivalent Groups
42
..
CHAPTER III THE 1983 ASSOCIATE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATES
46
Income of 1983 Associate Vocational Graduates:
A.
1987 Income Tabulations
50
Geographic Mobility of 1983 Associate
B.
Vocational Graduates
54
Income of 1983 Associate Vocational Graduates:
C.
Comparison With Equivalent Groups
57
1 0