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ERIC ED363554: [Corn.] PDF

33 Pages·1993·1.1 MB·English
by  ERIC
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DOCUMENT RESUME SO 023 452 ED 363 554 TITLE [Corn.] Iowa State Historical Society, Iowa City. INSTITUTION ISSN-0278-0208 REPORT NO 93 PUB DATE 33p.; For related items in this series, see ED 349 NOTE 215. Instructional Materials (For Classroom Use Guides PUB TYPE Serials (022) Learner) (051) -- Collected Works Goldfinch; Iowa History for Young People; v14 n2 Spr JOURNAL CIT 1993 MFOI/PCO2 Plus Postage. EDRS PRICE *Childrens Literature; Elementary Education; Grains DESCRIPTORS 4 (Food); Instructional Materials; Periodicals; *Reading Materials; Social Studies; *State History *Corn; Corn Culture; *Iowa IDENTIFIERS ABS7RACT This theme issue focuses on corn. Iowa is the number one corn producing state in the United States. The featured articles in the issue concern, among other topics, Iowa children who live on farms, facts and statistics about corn, the Mesquakie Indians and corn shelling, corn hybrids, a short story, and the corn palaces of Sioux City. Activities, short biographies, and puzzles and games also are included. (DB) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** II ..01., 4 er AIIII 4 In . 4 in 1! en N.0 en 1111# A cal 1963 4 Volume 14, Number 3 S e to . "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS UI. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Office of &mown* flematc sod lonotoompni C EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION L.; CENTER 'ERIC) It:document Ps Pen 'produced as mmod from dm pada or ocoonettlion oroatishooa 0 Mina Champs hap bead mode fo Promo nostaduction "moldy TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of yew ot opinions staled m Pus docu- INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) " men' do not necessarily repreeeM OIPIN OERI pomp or poPy r\r BEST COPY AVAILABLE Wild5asie's Timeline GTOldfach 1975 Seed Savers Exchande in Decorah. iowa. created to si3ve v.enetat)le and fruit seeds from extinction Volume 14, Number 3 Spring 1993 1940o vesting machine; increase corn production 4.4.` , 19209 aria 1930o National corn husking contests EDITOR: Deborah Gore Ohrn PUBLICATIONS DIRECTOR: Chris:le Dailey 1926 Iowan Henry A. Wallace establishes Pioneer Hi-bred Corn ACTION EDITOR: Steven Bleak! Company CONSULTING EDITOR: R. Douglas Hurt, professor and director, graduate program in agricultural history and rural studies, Iowa 19005 Scientists creating hyPrids State University. CONTRIBUTING WRI1ERS: Susanna Ashton and Jen Guttenfolder. EDUCATOR'S ADVISORY BOARD: Jan Carlson, 1887 South Clay School. Gillett Grove: Margie Hood. First Sioux City Corn Palace Oui It Horn Elementary, Iowa City; Pat Rod. North Hill Elementary, Burlington. 1870s CHILDREN'S ADVISORY BOARD: Audrey Ann Hybrid corn experiments begin Coffleid, Montezuma Elementary, Montezuma; Mathew Kendall, Taft Middle, Cedar Rapids; Amber Massa. Roosevelt Elementary, Iowa City; Ha Nguyen, Novak Elementary, Marion; 1846 Iowa becomes a state and Jill Pennington, Horn Elementary, Iowa City. 1837 John Deere invents steel plow THANKS TO: The Quad Cities League of Native Americans for reviewing articles and to E. Eloise Alton, editor. Bangboard. Corn Items Collectors Association, Shelbyville, Illinois. for newsletter copies. Articles on pages 8 & 9 adapted from materials published by the Iowa Corn Promotion Board. West Des Moines. The article on page 24 originally appeared in the October 1984 issue of The Goldfinch on Exposition Palaces.The characters of Wild Rosie and Goldie by Jerry Brown, exhibit deNgner, State Historical Society of Iowa. COVER DESIGN: Strong Productions. Cedar Rapids. Iowa. Photograph from State Historical 1492 laino indiansintroducx corn to ColumPus Society of Iowa. Des Moines. The Goldfinch (ISSN 0278-0208) Is published quarterly by the State Historical Society of Iowa, 402 Iowa Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa 52240-1806 (319-335-3916). Second-class postage paid at lowa City, Iowa. Subscriptions are $10 for four issues. Postmaster Send address changes to: The Goldfinch. State Historical Society of Iowa. 402 Iowa Avenue. Iowa City, IA 52240-1806. State Historical Society of Iowa. 1993 1000 B.C. No portion of The Goldfinch may be reproduced Evidence of corn from this period in Southwest (Arizona) without prior permission. Goldfinch The 2 On the Cover: Phyllis Gott and IN THIS ISSUE 3r son David, 3, on their farm 011ie, Iowa. Taken in 1958, the photo shows the corn harvested by friends and Features family. 2 Rosie's Timeline 4 Kids on the Farm mussel a shel I f is h 8 Corn News Sirnikirtoaclam , 10 Corn Shelling With the Mesquakies 12 Buel Lathrop's Big Adventure SPECIAL FEATURE 13 Coveralls, Seed Caps, and Big Corn Corn Dictionary 15 Scrambled Corn Your key to understanding 16 A-MAIZE-ing Corn Thingamajigs words and phrases throughout 18 the issue The Cornhusking Caper 22 Battle of the Bangboards 26 Plowing Game Departments 24 Old Places: Pretty Peculiar Palaces It looks like a newspaper! Read 27 Who's Who all about itcorn that is! 28 History Makers See page 8 . 29 Jokes 30 Answers 31 The Roost Check outAle new jke page on Vb. page 29! `.1 The Goldfinch 3 Story and photos by Millie K. Frese 1; AdINW Q: Why can't you tell secrets in 11. a corn field? A: Because corn has ears! owa farmers grow a lot of corn. While some farmers S. N.. raise corn as a cash crop, 't'zim6btio others grow it as feed for 4;4t1S6t;3't . their livestock. Either way, corn 11100, production is a job which often 116 involves every member of the David Frazier of Van Horne, Iowa, talks about growing corn in the 1990e. family. David says, "you can't make a sisters on a 1,900-acre farm north David Frazier, 12, is a sixth living off of just corn." of town. About half of their land is grader at Benton Community Kari Krogmann, 11, is the devoted to raising cornboth field Middle School in Van Horne. He daughter of Bob and Janet and seed corn. The Fraziers also lives with his parents, Bill and Krogmann of rural Manchester. raise beans and pigs because, Paula Frazier, and two older The Goldfinch 4 5 AVAILABLE BEST COPY Anything else you do before harvest? For seed corn, we have to detassel. That's pulling the tassels ummokil- out of just the male rows. We have to rogue the seed corn, too. Roguing is taking out cont plants \ that aren't growing right or are from last year's seed that didn't . come up until this year. We use hoes or spades to dig it out. What is the harvest like? .1bor- We harvest field corn with a *fa } OLA: combine. It takes the corn off the , cob and throws the cob back onto - 1. ' the field. We dry our own corn, Helping to raise dairy cattle is Just one of Karl Krogmarm's chores. then store it in a bin. It's got to be dried down to a certain level of parents used to farmmy dad and She has two brothers and one moisture. my uncle farm it together. sister, and is in fifth grade at St. Do you keep any of the corn you What are your jobs during corn Mary's Elementary School in grow? growing season? Manchester. The Krogmanns We used some of our field corn to I drive the tractor a lot, and I help raise dairy cattle on a 386-acre feed the pigs. We also bale the during planting. When we pick farm. Of the 250 tillable acres. 130 cornstalks into those big, round seed corn. I help haul the wagons are in corn. bales. We use them to keep the back and forth. If corn listened, here's what pigs warm in the winter. Once the corn is planted, are you those ears would hear David and Do you want to be a farmer for finished with it until harvest? Kari say about growing corn and the rest of your life? No. Once the corn gets to a life on the farm.We first talked Yes. I want to be a farmer because certain height, you've got to spray with David: that's how I grew up. But I it with chemicals mixed with water wouldn't mind taking the winters to kill weeds. Buttonweed. How long have and your family off. Cleaning hog pens in the horseweedthere's a ton of them! farmed? winter gets pretty cold. And you have to get rid of them DAVID: I've farmed all my life, and because weeds take all the water my dad's been a farmer all of his from the c'vn. life. We farm where my dad's The Goldfinch 5 5 Kids on the Farm (continued) ort Karl, what is a typical day's routine for you? Kari: In the summertime, I get up and go outside to scrape down the parlor after the cows are milked. We clean parlors out with a power washer. Then I help Mom finish with the calves. We give them 7 their milk replacement and sometimes have to bottle feed es el ir them. What are "parlors?" That's where we milk the cows. There are stalls for eight cows at a time to standkind of in a circle. There's a lower level in the middle for someone to stand ana hook When she's not feeding calves, Karl Krogmann of rural Manchester pitches In to help them up to the milker. We milk her family with the corn harvest. the cows at night, too. But it is after the morning milking that we corn grows, then Dad cultivates it. him out there. And Mom does, clean the parlors. How do you help with the har- too. I help more around the house What happens to the milk? vest? folding clothes and making . . . It goes into a tank, then the It's time to pick the corn when lunch and supper while they're in . . . milkman comes and takes it to the it's taller than Dad! He gets the the field. creamery. We take what we want What do you like to cook? out of the tank to drink. Soup, because it's easy. And pizza! Riding the four-wheeler is Does raising corn add to the When they're out picking, I have the most fun. The snow- chores you do? to take sandwiches out to them. mobile is fun, toowhen Sometimesmostly when it's time We have a four-wheeler to ride out to pick. When it's spring, Dad on. That's a lot of fun! there's a lot of snow. And I works up the field and gets the What else do you do during like to go sledding. planter ready to go. He puts harvest? fertilizer in with the seed to help Sometimes I get in the wagon with the corn grow. It takes five or six combine out and goes out into the the corn to help push it into the days to do all the planting. The. field. My older brother, Jeff, helps auger. The auger takes the corn auger: a tool for 6 The Goldfinch making holes in the earth Do you want to live on a farm the on the swingset. And ride my bike. to the bin where it dries. Then it rest of your life? Riding the four-wheeler is the gets moved into other bins. I don't really want to live on a most fun. The snowmobile is fun, How long does it take to get all farmit's too hard of work! But I of the corn picked? don't want to live in town, either. I About three weeks. I don't really want to live like living in the country. It's not What do you do with it once it's on a farmit's too hard of as crowded with door-to-door picked and dried? work! But I don't want to neighbors. In the country there's We use most of it to grind feed for live in tcwn either. I like space to do what you want to do. Y the cows. living in the country. Is living on a farm all wark? No, we get to play for awhile! I hclinow:o loft in a barn or stable toowhen there's a lot of snow. play the piano, and I like to go ta,.;s uz: for storing hoy outside and play in the haymow or And I like to go sledding. Unlike Kari Krogmann, David Frazier, plans to make a career out of farming. But he says he "wouldn't mind taking the winters off." Cleaning the hog pens gets'pretty cold in lowal , .,. a , .."I' ,-.____ L1A, ielv41111----upoofter ' _ 8 The Goldfinch 7 bushels, a unit of volume for measuring grca, fruit and iegerobies. If equals 32 quarts. IOWA #1 CORN PRODUCING STATE IN NATION! 1.9 Corn is big business in Iowa. Iowa's Growing Corn Corn production in Iowa has One billion equals 1,000 millions-so you can see quadrupled since 1929, from 400 billion how Iowa corn production has skyrocketed over the million bushels to approximately years. Why the boom? Experts say technical 1.7 billion bushels annually. Look advances and increased land used for out the car window when you're out growing corn. and about in the state and you're sure to see corn fields. More than one-third of the total land arca of Iowa is used to produce corn. You may not see flocks of farmers, but eight out of ten jobs in Iowa are *Bushels of corn N'12 199Z 1952 1932. 1912 directly or indirectly related to products are made from corn. Now like paint, paper products, batteries, agriculture. you know why people sing, "lo- clothing, mouthwash, and Today there are more than 360 way, lo-way, that's where the tall shampoo! More than 1,200 different different uses for corn products. corn grows!" food items in U.S. supermarkets You can find corn products in stuff Fueling the Living in Nation the Corn Belt Part of Iowa's corn goes into Social studies books often mention the "corn gasoline! This product is called belt." It's not a belt made out of seeds to keep MN ethanol (eth-AH-nol) and it's a fuel your pants up, but an area of the Midwest. that's made up of 90 percent Iowa, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, and gasoline and 10 percent ethanol. Nebraska are often mentioned as states Iowa produces about one fourth of in the corn belt. While some corn is grown the nation's ethanol. Ethanol may in almost every state in America, these help lower carbon monoxide states grow huge amounts of corn. emissions (a kind of air pollution) by more than 25 percent. .,. A01...._ . Ste°111 ..... i _, OWNIPar 4. a. # Wer - eaat8 Ofibliggilair#P.O.... AVE, vittIr sisVOMIallscreolowfw twee( 1111111,141P,Villektv- vfom ,41$4041! The Goldfinch 8 '901[PI brine: Art by Mary Moye-Rowley salty water Indian's Gift Munching Around the World Where did this wonderful food the How do people around the world eat corn? color of gold come from? =deans: Corn-on-the-Cob is a Historians trace the beginning of fave, especially with slabs of butter corn to what is now Mexico and the and a few shakes of salt. You'll also Caribbean. The Taino Indians who find corn in soups and bread. met Christopher Columbus in the Iranians: Roast the corn, then soak West Indies in 1492 introduced the it in brine. Italian explorer to "maize." For the Mexicans: When it's not ground next 20 years Spanish and into tortillas, Mexicans add some Portugese explorers spread the seeds ground chili pepper for a hot cob! throughout the world. To European Chinese: Soy sauce, please! Americans, maize was one of the Southeast Asians: Brush their corn most important gifts ever received with salted coconut milk. from Indian cultures. To European Americans it was a cherished food. But to the Indians, corn is a sacred object. Special festivals are held to honor it. Today (see page 10) Mesquakie Indians in Iowa hold special ceremonies for harvesting corn. Corn Contest Ask Goldie into foods for humans and feeds for animals. Seed corn is field corn grown just for seeds. Rosie: Shh. . I think I hear I. Why do we . something. If you're standing in a 3. How does corn grow? grow corn in Iowa'? com field on a hot summer day, Corn is the tallest member of the The weather and soil are great for there's a good chance you'll hear a grass family. Corn produces a growing corn. Iowa has some of the "ssss" sound. It's the corn talking! flower (or tassel) and is pollinated best soil in the world. Write and tell us what makes the naturally ny pollen falling onto the 2. Are there different kinds of corn? noise when corn grows and the first silks of the ear. A fully grown ear Sweet corn is grown and sold as a five correct answers will receive free of corn has as many as 600 to canned or frozen vegetable. subscriptions to The Goldfinch. 1,000 corn kernels on it. Popcorn is used for popping as a Iowa Corn Promotion Board snack food. Field corn is the Sbh.. most common type and is processed to: Contest answers Send your ilear-the-Corn-Growing Avenue I 402 Iowa Goldfinch, The 52240. City, Iowa Iowa 1 o

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