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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 358 726 FL 021 293 AUTHOR Otsu, Yukio, Ed. TITLE MITA Working Papers in Psycholinguistics, Volume 3. INSTITUTION Keio Univ., Tokyo (Japan). Inst. of Cultural and Linguistic Studies. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 174p.; For individual articles, see FL 021 294-301. AVAILABLE FROM Yukio Otsu, Editor, MITAWPP, Institute of Cultural & Linguistic Studies, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan ($10 plus either $3 postage and handling for orders within Japan or $6 for overseas orders; make checks payable to Yukio Otsu). PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Mita Working Papers in Psycholinguistics; v3 1993 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Case (Grammar); Children; College Students; Elementary Education; Elementary School Students; English (Second Language); Foreign Countries; *Grammar; Higher Education; Japanese; *Language Acquisition; Language Research; Nouns; Oral Language; Prior Learning; Reading Comprehension; *Second Language Learning; Tenses (Grammar) IDENTIFIERS Clauses; Parsing ABSTRACT This volume of working papers in psycholinguistics, from the "MITA Psycholinguistics Circle", contains the following articles: "Some Problems in the Acquisition of Derived Nouns" (Mika Endo); "World Knowledge in Children's Sentence Comprehension" (Yuki Hirose); "Examining the Including and Excluding Roles of Positive Evidence: A Study of a Case Where L2/L1 Grammar Intersects" (Midori Inaba); "Parsing as a Process of Applying I-Language Modules: A Case Study Based on the Processing of Quantifier Float Constructions in Japanese" (Yasuo Kaneko); "Do Formulaic Utterances Cease to Be 'Chunks' When They Are Analyzed?" (Yasuko Kanno); "Are Subject Small Clauses Really Small Clauses?" (Miori Kubo); "The Performance of the Japanese Case Particles in Children's Speech: With Special References to "Ga" and "0" (Hiroko Miyata); and "On the Interpretation of the Past Tense and the Acquisition of English" (Keiko Sano). (VWL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** 44, .44 gt.- ."-** , C41,4' T.; et " 1, 41' " -4 ,"" " "'"I' ' THIS 'PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE Ork' gr' .3.11.5.%.f A" U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION BY A MATERISAL HAS BEEN GRANTED Office or Educational Research and Improvement - A EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) is document has been reproduced as btYititlii.Otsu \SQ.- received from the person or organization E -;t originating it -,.. ,.........::,,-, 0 Minor changes have been made to improve .,.. : ,,- ..117: -,-.- ,- reproduction Quality .. - .,;- ..;7 :- RESOURCES TO THE EDUCATIONAL ., Points°, vie* or opinions stated in this docu . .. INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC).- ment do not neceSaanly represent official ......%'..;-, z''' -.4.:0"4' 4- 4 - -.. ' 71%. ...K." - - OE RI posdion or pohcy _ ..."... --ION '-:' ,-._. ,t -:9-e" --- --"---7-'' .-;":".'""'-e-':t' , , --.,-'4., - -:-. ..-7.74-r? L. ; _ , -4,--=--r, --.. -- 4.----- - _ . , ,. .,,r. 4,.. . . '-ei ' . :: `0.:":".: ' ' 7 t 4 l'' ,:... . '7 .....::*''°C11::;', " ,, , : ' :Z it 4,.' .1.4-., ,. r '''',',4. ,..- ''''' ,,,' .-...7. 77. ".71-.7A 4 ' I.,,,4''' '''' 4.. ? 1Y-144-,,, ....--.,'-': ,..';. r '....i' e X.. PAPERS MITA WORKING IN PSYCHOLINGUISTICS Volume 3 Edited by Yukio Otsu Keio University 1993 I) All rights for articles revert to authors. A copy of this volume is available for $10 or Y1,300. Add $3 or Y300 per copy for postage and handling for domestic orders and $6 or Y600 per copy for overseas orders. Please send check payable to Yukio Otsu to: Yukio Otsu, Editor, MITAWPP, Institute of Cultural & Linguistic Studies, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, JAPAN. Preface is the first since This is the third volume of our Working Papers series, and inquiries as to the fate 1989. In the meantime, I have received a huge number of publication is that I was out of of this series. The sole reason for the absence of linguistics Workshop on whose country for two years, and that the Mita Psycho held during that period. activities the present series largely relies was not Hiroko Miyata, and Papers by Mika Endo, Midori Inaba, Yasuo Kaneko, session of the Mita Keiko Sano are based on their presentation at the special November 13, 1992. I Psycho linguistics Workshop held at Keio University on and giving invaluable would like to thank Steven Pinker of MIT for being there comments on each of the presented papers. well as The size of this series has been changed in order to save postage as space on your bookshelf. 1988, the major impetus for As I put in the Preface to the first volume in recognition of the communication gap starting this working papers series was the other countries. Unfortunately, the situation has in linguistics between Japan and and I sincerely hope that the publication of the present not essentially changed. this unfortunate situation. We subsequent volumes of this series will improve project. appreciate your continuing support for this Yukio Otsu Editor Institute of Cultural & Linguistic Studies Keio University [email protected] March 1993 Tokyo i i i t.) Authors' Current Addresses (as of March 1993) English Language Section Endo. Mika Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152 JAPAN [email protected] Ilirose, Yuki Linguistics Department The Graduate School and University Center The City University of New York 33 W 42 Street New York, NY 10036 USA yuk@cunyv msl.gc.cuny.edu 4-2-6 Tatsumi Minami Inaba, Midori Okazaki. Aichi 444 JAPAN [email protected] Kushiro Public University of Economics Kaneko, Yasuo 4-1-1 Ashino Kushiro-shi, Hokkaido 085 JAPAN The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education Kanno, Yasuko Modern Language Centre (10th Floor) 252 Bloor Street West Toronto, Ontario MSS 1V6 CANADA ykannoeutoroise.bitnet Institute of Language and Culture Studies Kuho, Miori Hokkaido University Nishi 8, Kita 17 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060 JAPAN [email protected] Iliroko 2-2-39 Yokozutsumi Tsurumi-ku. Osaka 538 JAPAN miyata@l isa.lang.osaka-u.ac.jp 7-7-25-810 Yatsu Sano, Keiko Narashino-shi, Chiba 275 JAPAN J TABLE OF' CONTENTS i i i Preface Yukio Otsu Authors' Current Addresses vii Table of Contents 3 Some Problems in the Acquisition of Derived Nouns Mika Endo 17 World Knowledge in Children's Sentence Comprehension Yuki Hirose Evidence: Examining the Including and Excluding Roles of Positive 31 Intersects A Study of a Case Where L2/L1 Grammar Midori Inaba Parsing as a Process of Applying I-Language Modules: 55 Float Constructions in Japanese A Case Study Based on the Processine of Quantifier Yasuo Kaneko 75 They Are Analyzed? Do Formulaic Utterances Cease to Be "Chunks" When Yasuko Kanno 93 Are Subject Smal' Clauses Really Small Clauses? Miori Kuhr) Children's Speech: The Performance of the Japanese Case Particles in 117 With Special Reference to Gel and 0 Hiroko Miyata 137 Acquisition of English On the Interpretation of the Past Tense and the Keiko Sano vii PAPERS IN PSYCHOLINGUISTICS MITA WORKING Volume 3 MITAWPP 3 (1993) 3-15 DERIVED NOUNS* SOME PROBLEMS IN THE ACQUISITION OF Mika Endo Tokyo Institute of Technology Introduction 1. of the central In the study of language acquisition, one gap between the primary problems is how to bridge a qualitative exposed to and the linguistic data (PLD) which children are that childrer acquire. final state of a particular grammar in is assumed to play a crucial role Universal Grammar (UG) specify which The aims of this paper are (1)to this problem. of acquiring derived subsystems of UG are involved in the course for the acquisition of derived nouns or what is given innately (2)to make explicit what kind of if specified, nouns, from the PLD in order information that children have to receive adults have for derived nouns, to get the same knowledge that which is compatible with and (3)to propose a learning model Following a standard version of conditions (1) and (2). following will assume that UG consists of the GB-theory, I theory, government X-bar theory, theta theory, Case subsystems: theory, control theory. theory, binding theory, bounding it has in generative grammar, In the studies of derived nouns and their base verbs been widely assumed that derived nouns properties, based on share the same syntactic or semantic hypothesis (Chomsky 1970). X-bar theory and the lexicalist. city. (1)a. The enemy destroyed the the city b. The enemy's destruction of is the subjcct or the agent of The enemy in (la), for example, is the object or the patient of the verb destroy, and the city derived nominal (1t0: The same relation holds in the destroy. agent of the derived noun Lhe enemy is the subject or the object or the patient of destruction, and the city is the will consider in this The basic problem which destruction. I get, knowledge of this parallel paper is how children come to this problem. There are two potential ways to answer relation. syntPctic or semantic One is that children first learn derived noun separately, and properties of a verb and of its Ch 4 correlate them later. The other is that children learn syntactic or semantic properties of a base verb firl.t and deduce those of the derived noun from the verb's at a later stage. If we take the former, on the one hand, children have to get evidence for both a base verb and its derived noun from the PLO in order to learn them. On the other hand, if we choose the latter wry, children do not have to learn the syntactic or semantic properties of a derived noun by getting evidence from the PLO. In this paper, will pursue this latter direction. I In the next section, will propose a learning model, which 1 is a modified version of Randall's (1985). The learning model itself' is not sufficient for children to avoid overgeneraliza- Lion, but the model is necessary to explain a productive aspect of language acquisition. In section 3, will first point out 1 several kinds of data which would involve children following the proposed learning model in a problem of overgeneralization. will then suggest that the overgeneralizat.ion of nominaliza- I lion does not occur, based on the continuity hypothesis of UG. The basic assumption is that, the learning model is in favor of a productive aspect of acquisition while principles of UG take a role in ruling out unwanted output from the beginning of acquisition. As for the necessity of the proposed model, section 4 will he devoted to the inv,Istigation of derived nouns which take a content that-clause. 2. Learning Model s of Derived Nouns based will first review a learning model which is on the I assumption that derived nouns basically share the same syntactic properties as the base verbs. Randall (1985) has proposed the following model: (2)a. a morphologically complex form is seen to be related to verbal base h. assume the maximal relation possible: Inherit the full subeategorization of the base verb as the subeategorization for the derived item, provided there is no evidence that. both meaning and category differ e. elsewhere, (where there is evidence of differences in tx)th category and meaning), iraierit only the unmarked portion of the base verb's subeategorization, either transitive or intr;*.isitive (Randall 1985: 101) A.t