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ERIC ED351387: Cultural Competence for Evaluators: A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working with Ethnic/Racial Communities. OSAP Cultural Competence Series 1. PDF

307 Pages·1992·5 MB·English
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Preview ERIC ED351387: Cultural Competence for Evaluators: A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working with Ethnic/Racial Communities. OSAP Cultural Competence Series 1.

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 351 387 TM 019 223 AUTHOR Orlandi, Mario A., Ed.; And Others TITLE Cultural Competence for Evaluators: A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Pra...titioners Working with Ethnic/Racial Communities. OSAP Cultural Competence Series 1. INSTITUTION Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (DHHS/PHS), Rockville, MD. Office for Substance Abuse Prevention. REPORT NO DHHS-(ADM)92-1884 PUB DATE 92 NOTE 307p. AVAILABLE FROM National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information, P.O. Box 2345, Rockville, MD 20847-2345 (free; Stock Number BKD79). PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom Use (055) Reports Evaluative /Feasibility (142) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Alaska Natives; *Alcohol Abuse; American Indians; Asian Americans; Community Programs; Cross Cultural Studies; Cultural Awareness; *Drug Abuse; *Ethnic Groups; *Evaluators; Guides; Hispanic Americans; Minority Groups; Pacific Americans; *Prevention; *Program Evaluation; Racial Differences; Social Workers IDENTIFIERS African Americans; *Cultural Competence ABSTRACT As an introduction to a series on the array of issues in the implementation and evaluation of substance abuse prevention programs, this volume attempts to integrate two types of competence for alcohol and other drug abuse prevention program practitioners: program evaluation competence and cultural competence. The chapters in this document provide conceptual frameworks and practical suggestions for evaluators working with various ethnic groups. The chapter titles and authors are: (1) "The Challenge of Evaluating Community-Based Prevention Programs: A Cross-Cultural Perspective" (M. A. Orlandi); (2) "Of Kindred Minds: The Ties that Bind" (J. P. Butler); (3) "Practical Considerations for Program Professionals and Evaluators Working with African-American Communities" (C. A. Grace); (4) "A Culturally Sensitive Model for Evaluating Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Programs: A Hispanic Perspective" (J. M. Casas); (5) "Hispanics: What the Culturally Informed Evaluator Needs To Know" (A. M. Padilla and V. N. Salgado de Snyder); (6) "American Indians and Alaska Natives: Changing Societies Past and Present" (C. M. Fleming); (7) "The Role of the Researcher in Evaluating American Indian Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Programs" (F. Beauvais and J. E. Trimble); (8) "Cultural Competence for Evaluators Working with Asian-American Communities: Some Practical Considerations" (S. H. McLeod, and C. Shantzis); Kim, J. (9) "Cultural Competence for Evaluators Working with Asian/Pacific Island-American Communities: Some Common Themes and Important Implications" (S. Yen); and (10) "Defining Cultural Competence: An Organizing Framework" (M. A. Orlandi). (SLD) Office for Substance Abuse Prevention CC: OSAP Cultural Competence Series )rug-Free Communities by the Year 2000 Cultural 'Ibt:470111,Mil Competence for Evaluators A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working With Ethnic/Racial Communities U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EOUCvtaTIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ms document has been rePtOduCad as received from the person or organashon ongmating 0 !Amor changes have been mad* to improve reprocluchon Quality PoInts of tn.* Or OptinOnS Stated in this docu- ment do not neCeSSanly represent oftiCilit OERt positron or policy BEST COPY AVAILABLE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration OSAP Cultural Competence Series I Cultural Competence for Evaluators A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working With Ethnic/Racial Communities Editor: Mario A. Orlandi, Ph.D., M.P.H. Chief, Division of Health Promotion Research American Health Foundation Associate Editors: Raymond Weston, Ph.D Research Scientist, Division of Health Promotion Research American Health Foundation Leonard G. Epstein, M.S.W. Division of Community Prevention and Training Office for Substance Abuse Prevention U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Office for Substance Abuse Prevention Division of Community Prevention and Training 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockwall II Rockville, Maryland 20857 The primary objective of the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention (OSAP) Cultural Competence Series is to promote the development and dissemination of a scientific knowledge base that assists prevention program evaluators and practitioners in working with multicultural communities. OSAP supports the rigorous evaluation of demonstration programs designed to promote health and prevent alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems for all people. All positions taken on specific approaches to evaluating AOD abuse prevention programs are posi- tions of the communities, prevention experts, and authors who con- tributed to this monograph and may not necessarily reflect the opinions, official policy, or position of OSAP; the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration; the Public Health Service; or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Other groups that developed and/or implemented specific methods for evaluating AOD abuse prevention programs are documented in the text of this monograph. All material in this volume, except quoted passages from copyrighted sources, is in the public domain and may be used or reproduced without permission from OSAP or the authors. Citation of the source is appreciated. Library of Congress: 92-60067 DHHS Publication No. (ADM)92-1884 Printed 1992 OSAP Production and Editing Officer: Timothy F. Campbell Prcject Officer: Leonard G. Epstein, M.S.W. OSAP Cultural Competence Series Elaine M. Joh', .11, Ph.D. Director, OSAP Ruth Sanchez-Way, Ph.D Director Division of Community Prevention and Training, OSAP Robert W. Denniston Director, Division of Communication Programs, OSAP 4 Foreword With Cultural Competence for Evaluators: A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working With Ethnic/Ra- cial Communities, the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention (OSAP) introduces the first in a groundbreaking series of cultural competence publications. This volume examines the issue of cultural competence for program evaluators as it relates to African-American, Hispanic, American-Indian, Alaska-Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander-American community groups. OSAP's Cultural Competence Series is designed to advance scientific study and evaluation of community alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse prevention approaches within the multicul- tural context of the United States. Each of our multicultural communities offers a rich and diverse ethnic heritage that, if fully explored and understood, will play an important role in the development of AOD prevention programs that focus on strengthening cultural resiliency and protective factors. Cultural Competence for Evaluators will increase under- standing of America's diverse ethnic heritage, both its risk factors and the cultural factors that contribute to cultural resiliency. In doing so, it will enhance the knowledge and skills of AOD prevention program evaluators working with ethnic/racial com- munities. The Cultural Competence Series provides OSAP with a great opportunity to formulate effective strategies for AOD profes- sionals working in multicultural settings. This unprecedented volume will establish a framework for celebrating the diversity of our United States and the unity within that diversity. We hope that the knowledge contained in this monograph will stimulate new ideas and further prevention efforts among all Americans. Elaine M. Johnson, Ph.D., Director Office for Substance Abuse Prevention t J iii Dedication To the Unity hidden in diversity. 6 Glossary of Key Terms Culture: The shared values, norms, traditions, customs, arts, his- tory, folklore, and institutions of a group of people. Cultural Competence: A set of academic and interpersonal skills that allow individuals to increase their understanding and apprecia- tion of cultural differences and similarities within, among, and be- tween groups. This requires a willingness and ability to draw on community-based values, traditions, and customs and to work with knowledgeable persons of and from the community in developing focused interventions, communications, and other supports. Cultural Diversity: Differences in race, ethnicity, language, nationality, or religion among various groups within a community, organization, or nation. A city is said to be culturally diverse if its residents include members of different groups. Cultural Sensitivity: An awareness of the nuances of one's own and other cultures. Culturally Appropriate: Demonstrating both sensitivity to cul- tural differences and similarities and effectiveness in using cultural symbols to communicate a message. Ethnic: Belonging to a common groupoften linked by race, nationality, and languagewith a common cultural heritage and/or derivation. Language: The form or pattern of speechspoken or written used by residents or descendants of a particular nation or geographic area or by any large body of people. Language can be formal or infor- mal and includes dialect, idiomatic speech, and slang. Mainstream: A term that is often used to describe the "general market," usually refers to a broad population that is primarily White and middle class. Multicultural: Designed for or pertaining to two or more distinc- tive cultures. Nationality: The country where a person lives and/or one that he or she identifies as a homeland. Race: A socially defined population that is derived from distin- guishable physical characteristics that are genetically transmitted. Religion: A system of worship, traditions, and belief in a higher power or powersoften called Godthat has evolved over time, linking people together in a commonality of reverence and devotion. vi 7 Contents Foreword iii Glossary of Key Terms vi 1. The Challenge of Evaluating Community-Based Prevention Programs: A Cross-Cultural Perspective Mario A. Orlandi 1 2. Of Kindred Minds: The Ties That Bind Jacqueline P. Butler 23 3. Practical Considerations for Program Professionals and Evaluators Working With African- American Communities Cynthia A. Grace 55 4. A Culturally Sensitive Model for Evaluating Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Programs: A Hispanic Perspective J. Manuel Casas 75 5. Hispanics: What the Culturally Informed Evaluator Needs To Know Amado M. Padilla and V. Nelly Salgado de Snyder 117 6. American Indians and Alaska Natives: Changing Societies Past and Present Candace M. Fleming 147 7. The Role of the Researcher in Evaluating American-Indian Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Programs Fred Beauvais and Joseph E. Trimble 173 8. Cultural Competence for Evaluators Working With Asian-American Communities: Some Practical Considerations Sehwan Kim, Jonnie H. McLeod, and Carl Shantzis 203 9. Cultural Competence for Evaluators Working With Asian /Pacific Island-American Communities: Some Common Themes and Important Implications Sherman Yen 261 vi' 10. Defining Cultural Competence: An Organizing Framework Mario A. Or landi 293 9 vi" 1 The Challenge of Evaluating Community-Based Prevention Programs: A Cross-Cultural Perspective Mario A. Orlandi, Ph.D., M.P.H. Introduction This volume represents the first in a series of publications spon- sored by the Division of Community Prevention and Training of the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention (OSAP). The series seeks to analyze and synthesize the complex array of issues that arise when alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse prevention programs are implemented and evaluated in settings that are ethnically and racially diverse. As an introduction to the series as a whole, this first volume has as its goal the functional integration of two types of com- petence for AOD abuse prevention program practitioners: pro- gram evaluation competence and cultural competence. Its main objective is to enhance the knowledge base and skills of profes- sionals who are responsible for evaluating AOD abuse preven- tion programs in ethnic/racial community settings. The authors worked together to develop complementary chapters that pro- vide conceptual frameworks and practical suggestions for evaluators working with African-American, 1-tisknic, I 0

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