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Madrono, Vol. 54, No. 4, pp. 329-333, 2007 EREMOGONE CLIFTONII (CARYOPHYLLACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM CALIFORNIA Richard K. Rabeler University of Michigan Herbarium, 3600 Varsity Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48108-2287 [email protected] Ronald Hartman L. Rocky Mountain Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, WY Laramie, 82071-3165 [email protected] Abstract Eremogone cliftonii is described as new from northern California. Petal and capsule lengths and presence ornot ofpubescenceorabloomonvegetativestructuresarefeaturesusefulin distinguishing this novelty from E. aculeata and E. kingii var. glabrescens, the congeners found in the region. Eremogone cliftonii occurs in open or forested areas on decomposing granite. Key Words: Arenaria, California, Caryophyllaceae, Eremogone, North America, Sierra Nevada. Eremogone is a genus of about 90 species capitatis. Capsulae cylindrico-urceolatae, 7.5- mm (Hartman and Rabeler 2004; Hartman et al. 9 longae, primitus dentibus 6 dehiscentes. 2005) known from north-temperate regions from Semina 5-9, nigra, pyriformi-compressa inci- western Europe through Asia and western North sura hylari, tuberculata tuberculis humilibus America. Fifteen species including this novelty, rotundatis saepe elongatis. and numerous varieties, are known in western North America. Eremogone plants are woody Perennial herb (11)15-35 cm tall arising from based, cespitose or matted, perennials with a branched woody caudex with horizontal to subulate to filiform leaves, erect or ascending ascending, often subterranean branches 5-15+cm flowering stems, and open to congested or long; Stems simple or branched, ascending to mm umbellate cymes. Although often treated as erect, glabrous, rounded, internodes 0.5-5 a subgenus of Arenaria (e.g., McNeill 1962), long; Leaves opposite, exstipulate, with dense molecular data support Eremogone as mono- tufts of closely overlapping leaves at base of phyletic and distinct from Arenaria (Nepokroeff fertile stem and on sterile branchlets that are et al. 2001) commonly present, cauline leaves more widely spaced, in 2-5 pairs on the main stem, gradually Eremogonecliftonii Rabeler& R. L. Hartman, sp. reduced above, filiform to commonly needle-like, nov. —TYPE: USA, Cahfornia, Plumas Co., mostly 2-6 cm long, 0.7-1.1 mm wide, ascending in roadside borrow pit, N side of CA 70, to widely spreading or arcuate-reflexed, flexuous, 0.5 km E ofChambers Creek, T24N R6E Sec. often adaxially grooved, especially proximally, 3, SE % of SE %, 39°57'29"N, 121°17'19"W, the margins ciholate proximally, the apex spi- 6124273m&elLe.vatP.ionJ.an2e0waAyp,rE200H5a,nsRo.n,K.ERaAbhealretr cnoysmee;; IPnefdliocreelssce(5n)ce10a-2(53)mm9,25st+ipHiotawteer-egdla,ndoulpaern; (Holotype: MICH; isotypes RM, UC). Fig. 1 Flowers perfect, chasmogamous, regular; Sepals ovate, often broadly so (to obovate in inner Eremogone cliftonii, sp. nov. Herba perennis e series), 4.5-5.5 (6.5) mm long, lengthening up to caudicem ramis horizontalibus ad ascendenti- 1 mm in fruit, lustrous, somewhat leathery, bus. Caules ascendens ad erecti, glabri. FoUa glabrous, margins narrowly or broadly scarious mm filiformia ad aciformia, ascendentia ad arcuati- (especially inner series, to 0.8 wide), 1-3 reflexa, marginibus proximale ciliolatibus, veined, the lateral veins shorter and less de- apice spinosa. Flores perfecti, regulares, saepe veloped, base somewhat thickened, apex usually 9-25 in cyma patula; sepala ovata ad obovata, obtuse to rounded (especially inner series) or marginibus anguste vel late scariosis, apice broadly acute, often apiculate; Petals 5, white, plerumque obtusa ad rotundata vel late acuta, oblong to elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 12- mm mm saepe apiculata; petala 5, alba, 12 18 18 long, widely spreading, 2.3-3.7 times the longa, late patentia, sepalis 2.3-3.7-plo long- length of the sepals, apex rounded; Anthers 10, iora, apice rotundata; antherae 10, vinaceae; red-violet; Nectaries as a lateral and abaxial styli 3, stigmatibus breve linearibus ad sub- thickened, crescent-shaped, transverse band with > MADRONO 330 [Vol. 54 — — ^ 1.7 cm cm mm 3 Fig. 1. Eremogone cliftonii. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Bud. D. Dehisced fruit from previous year with subtending sepals. E. Seed. (From Raheler 1473, MICH) distal groove at the base of the antisepalous pyriform-compressed with a hilar notch, tuber- mm [I filaments, 0.5-0.6 long; Ovary 3-carpellate; culate throughout, the tubercles low, rounded, mm i! ovules 5-11; styles 3, distinct, 8-10 long; short abaxially, elongate on the faces. stigmas short-linear to smubmcapitate; Capsule The paratypes cited below include all other\ cylindric-urceolate, 7.5-9 long, glabrous, collections we have examined. Habitat informa- |i initially opening by 6 teeth dehiscing along the tion suggests E. cliftonii to be a plant of open barely discernable sutures, each tooth then splits (often on slopes ofroadcuts) or forested areas on about halfits length; irregularsplittingmay occur decomposing granite at 455-1770 m elevation. mm over time; Seeds 5-9, black, 2-3 long. The associated open forest is often a mixture of i 2007] RABELER AND HARTMAN: EREMOGONE CLIFTONII 331 ponderosa pine {Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex sect. Eremogone (Hickman 1971). He annotated Lawson & C. Lawson), sugar pine {Pinus Balls & Lenz 20700 (DS, in full flower) as "a lambertiana Dougl.), and white fir {Abies concolor unique individual: seems to have some characters (Gordon & Glend.) Hildebr.), along with man- of Arenaria pumicola californica and Arenaria zanita {Arctostaphylos sp.), California black oak macradeniay Study subsequent to our FNA {Quercus kelloggii Newb.) and canyon live oak work has revealed that Arenariapumicola Coville {Quercus chrysolepis Lieb.). The thirty-one & Leiburg var. californica Maguire is more known localities are in an area of about appropriately considered a synonym of E. kingii 1467 km^ (567 mi^) in Butte and Plumascounties; var. glabrescens (S. Watson) Dorn; A. macradenia all are in the Feather River drainage within the would refer to material we now segregate as E. Northern High Sierra Nevada subregion of the ferrisiae (Hartman et al. 2005). In comparing E. California Floristic Province (Hickman 1993). ferrisiae with E. cliftonii (character states of the Although the geographical range is small, the latter in parentheses): sepals acute to acuminate, plants are sometimes abundant; one label noted sometimes +— spine-tipped (generally obtuse to "about 400 plants" {Hillaire 1216), while another rounded or broadly acute, sometimes abruptly mm noted "about 800 plants" {Hillaire 1225). pointed), 3^.3 (4.5-6.5) long, to 5.5 (7.5) mm mm Eremogone cliftonii is named for Glenn Clifton long in fruit; petals 6-9 (12-18)mm long, who, as part of his extensive collections towards and nectary glands 0.3-0.4 (0.5-0.6) long). a flora of Plumas County and the Plumas Furthermore, E. ferrisiae is restricted to Mono, National Forest (Clifton 2003), recognized E. Inyo, and Tulare counties and a few sites further cliftonii as new (proposing the name "Arenaria south in Cahfornia. While both E. aculeata and grandiflora" without a Latin diagnosis, which E. cliftonii can be found in the northern Sierra, would be a later homonym of A. grandiflora L., along with the frequently encountered E. kingii a European species). Apparently it was first var. glabrescens, they can be distinguished as collected in 1915 by A. A. Heller, then in- follows: frequently by several botanists until the 1980s when affiliates of the Chico State University Keyto Eremogone cliftoniiand congeners herbarium documented it several times. Michael in the region Baad apparently did not encounter it while doing field work for his dissertation on Arenaria subg. 1. Sepals generally obtuse to rounded or broadly acute, sometimes abruptly pointed Eremogone (Baad 1969). Our first encounter with 2. Petals 4.5-10 mm long, ca. 1.2-1.3 times E. cliftonii was during preparation of the sepal length; stems glandular-hairy; leaves treatment of Eremogone for Flora of North usually glaucous; capsules 5-7 mm long. America (Hartman et al. 2005). Barbara Ertter E. acu.leata (UC) had sent Hartman several inflorescences of 2. Petals 12-18 mmlong,2.3-3.7timessepals a plant gathered in the Feather River Canyon length; stems glabrous; leaves not glau- mm that she had been given to identify for use in cous; capsules 7.5-9 long . . . . E. cliftonii a display at a flower showin Oakland, California. 1. Sepalsacuteto acuminate, sometimes ± spine- After seeing the large flowers, we immediately tipped E. kingii var. glabrescens judged it unique not only among California Paratypes. USA, California, Butte County: material, but a new taxon, thus additional field T25N R5E Sec. 21, 5000 ft. elev., 30 Jun 1962, and herbarium exploration was warranted. Law- E. V. Brunett 110 (MICH); ca. 2 km SW of renceJaneway (CHSC) and Linnea Hanson (U.S. intersection of North Fork, Feather River and Forest Service) were contacted. This led to Plumas Co., T23N R5E Sec. 11, 490 m elev., 22 surveys on the Plumas National Forest during Jun 1977, J. P. Warner 1 (CHSC); North Fork 2005 and 2006 and the gathering of over one- Feather River, 1.3 mi NE of Poe Power Dam, third ofthe collections cited. T23N R5E Sec 28, 1840 ft elev., 12 May 1980, R. Most collections of Eremogone cliftonii that Banchero & R. A. Schlising 3588 (CHSC); 2.5 mi had been named were identified as A. aculeata SE of Mountain House, [T22N R6E Sec. 33], S. Wats. {E. aculeata (S. Wats.) Ikonn.), Arenaria 1100 m elev., 29 May 1980, L. Ahart 2362 macradenia S. Watson subsp. ferrisiae Abrams (CHSC, DAV); ca. 3 mi NE of Milsap Bar, {E. ferrisiae (Abrams) R. L. Hartm. & Rabeler), [T22N R7E Sec. 31], 1100 m elev., 10 Sep 1980, or simply identified to genus. Apparently selected L. Ahart 2636 (CHSC); S end of Walker Plains, specimens of Heller 12071 (NY, UC, with few T22N R6E Sec. 4, 5040 ft elev., 11 Jul 1980, R. flowers with shriveled petals, mostly fruit; WTU, Schlising 3882 (CHSC); ca. 0.5 mi N ofMayaro, in late fruit) was the onlycollection seen by Baad. T23N R5E Sec. 21, 2000 ft elev., 21 May 1981, He annotated it as A. aculeata, as did Hartman M. S. Taylor 3793 (CAS [2], MO); 0.5 mi N of while preparing a treatment for the Jepson Ramsey Bar on Little Kimshew Creek, T24N Manual (UC only; Hartman 1993). Likewise, R5E Sec. 20, 4650 ft elev., 29 Jun 1981, R. Hickman appears to have encountered the Banchero & R. A. Schlising 4124 (CHSC); 0.8 mi novelty but once during his study of Arenaria SW of Ramsey Bar on Little Kimshew Creek, MADRONO 332 [Vol. 54 T24N R5E Sec. 29, 4800 ft dev., 29 Jun 1981, 7?. 8410 (CHSC, MICH); along road 22N62, S of Banchero & R. Schlising 4125 (CHSC); N end Middle Fork Feather River, T22N R7E Sec. 31, Concow area N ofFlea Mt., T23N R5E Sec. 19, 3120 ft elev.,10 Jun 2005, S.M. Hillaire 1217 & 3650 ft elev., 23 Jun 1982, R. E. Preston, R. M. Brown (CHSC, RM); 2820 ft elev.,10 Jun Banchero, & R. A. Schlising4300 (CHSC); 2 mi E 2005, S.M. Hillaire 1218 & M. Brown (CHSC); ofMilsap Bar, T22N R7E Sec. 31, 900 melev., 29 near Four Trees Road, T23N R6E Sec. 33, | Jul 1983, L. Ahart 4246 (CHSC, MICH, MO); 4780 ft elev.,20 Jun 2005, S.M. Hillaire 1224 & along long sharp switchback in county rd 66553, M. Brown (CHSC, RM); N of Pulga, near T23N R5E Sec. 21, 2500 ft elev., 10 Sep 1984, Lockermans Creek, [T23N R5E Sec. 9], 3700 ft L.P. Janeway s.n. & R. Harrison, G. Benson elev.,21 Jun 2005, S.M. HWillaire 1223 & B. Castro (CHSC); Feather River SE of Mayaro, T23N (CHSC, RM); 0.3 km of Cedar Creek and R5E Sec. 28, 1500 ft elev., 21 Apr 1985, V. 2.6 km NNW ofmouth ofCedar Creek at North Oswald 1713 (CHSC); above hwy. 70, 3.1 mi NE Fork Feather River, T23N R5E Sec. 9, 1295 m ofPulga bridge, T23N R5E Sec. 28, 1559 ft elev., elev., 26 Jun 2005, L. P. Janeway 8436 (CHSC, 20 May 1987, L. P. Janeway 2082 (CHSC); side MICH); ! road (23N12Y) 0.6 mi from Four Trees Road, WPlumas County: Soapstone Ridge (Hill), 12 mi T23N R6E Sec. 32, 4800 ft elev., 28 May 1987, L. of Bucks [Lake], [T23N R6E, Sec 15], 5500 ft P. Janeway 2111 (CHSC); 2.5 mi E of Granite elev., 7 Jul 1915, A.A. Heller 12071 (BKL, CAS, Ridge along road to Lynch and Logue Meadows, DS, F, NY, UC, US, WTU); Camp Rogers T24N R5E Sec. 32, 4480 ft elev., 26 Jun 1987, L. [T24N R6E Sec 2], 2800 ft elev., 6 Jun 1920, A. P. Janeway 2307 (CHSC); along Concow Road, Head s.n. (CAS); U.S. Hwy. 40 aU. (CA Hwy. 3.6 mi N of Rag Dump, T24N R5E Sec. 31, 70), between Tobin and Camp Rogers, 13 May 4500 ft elev., 20 Jun 1994, L. P. Janewav 4669 1955, E.K. Balls & L. W. Lenz 20700 (DS, RSA); (CHSC, RSA); Hwy 70, south side ofcanyon of Rodgers Flat, [T24N R6E Sec 2], 1967, L. Rose North Fork Feather River, T23N R5E Sec. 27, 69075 (CAS); near Rogers Flat bridge, [T24N 4C5a5stmro e6le7v4.5, 2(8CHMSaC)y;2010000,mL.WP. oJfantheewawyes&terB.n 4R267E41Sec(C2]A,S2,000MIftCeHle,v, 2M3OJ)u;n 1n9e6a7r, /mTo.uHtohwelolf \ driveway to Cresta Powerhouse, T23N R5E Sec. Chambers Creek [T24N R6E S3], ca. 2000 ft 27, 455 m elev., 20 Apr 2005, R.K. Rabeler 1472 elev, 9 May 1967, T. Howell& G.H. True 42224 & L. P. Janeway, L. Hanson, L. Ahart (CAS, GH, (CAS); "Buck's Lake", T24N R6E Sec. 25 [TRS MICH, RM); 29 Jun 2005, L. P. Janewav8444 & is west of Bucks Lake], 8 Jul 1975, F. T. Griggs L. Hanson (CHSC, MICH); 3 Aug 2006, R.K. 120 & A. Pass (CHSC); 9 Jul 1975, D. Brink & L. Rabeler 1479 & J.A. Macklin (GH, MICH, RM); Mayer s.n. (CHSC); T24N R6E Sec 25, 12 Jul alongPulga road on SW side ofDogwood Creek, 1975, F.T Griggs & A. Pass 172 (CHSC); T23N R5E Sec. 29, 594 m, 4 May 2005, L. P. between Storrie and Belden, ca 2000 ft elev, 18 Janeway8376 & M. Brown, S. Hillaire, J. Tuitele- May 1976, G.L. Smith s.n. (CAS); between Lewis (CHSC); Pulga Road ca. 1.2 km E of Indian Joe and Caribou [probably near Injun Camp Creek, T23N R5E Sec. 21, 747 m elev., 4 Jim Campground; T24N R6E Sec 9-10], 2000 ft May 2005, L. P. Janeway 8377 & S. Hillaire, M. elev, 17 Apr 1978, C.B. Hardham 21583 (CAS, Brown, J. Tuitele-Lewis(CHSC);just above Road RSA); E side of Oroville-Quincy hwy at Walker | 2R35NE02S,ec0..220k,m10N73omf ceoluevn.t,y4roMaady662505035,; TL.23PN. P1l9a8i1n,s,MT.2S3.NTaRv6lEorS3e7c.2333(,MO5)00;0afbtoeultev.1,.154mMiaWy | Janeway8378 & M. Brown, S. Hillaire, J. Tuitele- ofSawmill Flat, T23N R9E Sec. 33, 5800 ft elevW., Lewis (CHSC); N of Pulga/Mayaro area, T23N 25 Jul 1986, L. Ahart5378 (CHSC); ca. 0.5 mi ij R5E Sec. 20, 3340 ft dev., 4 May 2005, S.M. of Little Marble Cone, T22N R7E Sec. 19, 30, i Hillaire 1216 & M. Brown, L. P. Janeway, J. 4800 ft elev., 3 Jul 1995, B. Castro 579 (CHSC); Lewis (CHSC, RM); 0.7 km E of Lockerman sandycut, Hwy 70, 2160 ft. elev., 26Apr 1996, G. | CCrreeeekk,aTn2d31N.2Rk5mEESNecE.o9f,it1s2c3o4nmflueelnevc.e,at11CMaampy 0C.l5ifmtoinE34o2f5C0ha(Gm.beCrlsifCtorneehker[bT);24aNloRn6gEhwSye.c.730],, !; 2005, L P. Janeway 8388 & C. Christofferson, S. [622 m elev,], 9 Apr 1997, D. W. Taylor 15947\| H1i.l3lakirme,NME.ofBrFolwena,MoJ.untTauiitne,leT-L2e3wiNs R(5CEHSSCe)c;. (ClJiEfPtSo,n UheCr)b;, n17otAsperen1[9c9i7t,edGi.n CClliiffttoonn32500333]1);(2G.9 I 19, 1152 m elev., 25 May 2005, L. P. Janeway Jun 2005 L.P. Janeway 8445 & L. Hanson \j 8396 & M. Brown, J Tuitele-Lewis (CHSC); top (CHSC, MICH); 3 Aug 2006, R.K. Rabeler \ of S end of Granite Ridge, about 2.3 km S of 1478 & J.A. Macklin (CAS, GH, MICH, RM, Kimshew Point, T23N R5E Sec. 6, 1317m elev., RSA); near Lower Buck's Lake, T24N R6E Sec. 2M9ICMH)a;y 02.020k5,m LN. WP.ofJaCnoenwcavow84R0o4ad(CaHtStCh,e 2&6,M5.00B0roftwenlev(.C,H2S0CJ,unRM2)00;5,abSo.Mv.e Hriolaldair2e4N13262,5 gap between the head of Rock Creek and the near Lower Buck's Lake, T24N R6E Sec. 26, Little Kimshew Creek drainage, T24N R5E Sec. 5000 ft elev., 20 Jun 2005, S.M. Hillaire 1226 & 29, 1478 m elev., 29 May 2005, L. P. Janeway M. Brown (CHSC, RM); above road 24N04, 2007] RABELER AND HARTMAN: EREMOGONE CLIFTONII 333 0.3 km S of crossing of North Valley Creek, (ed.). The Jepson manual: higher plants of Cali- T24N R5E, Sec. 23, 1347 m dev., 26 Jun 2005, L. fornia. University of California Press, Berkeley, P. Janeway 8441 (CHSC, MICH); 4 Sep 2005, L. CA. P. Janeway 8536 (CHSC, MICH). AND R. K. Rabeler. 2004. New combinations in North America Eremogone (Caryophyllaceae). Acknowledgments Sida 21:237-241. We thank David J. Keil for providing the Latin Pp., 56-70 ,inF.FlHo.raUtoefcNho.rt2h005A.me1r5i.cEareEmdoigtoorniea.l description; Barbara Ertter (UC) for bringing this Committee (eds.). Flora of North America North novelty to our attention; Linnea Hanson and Chris ofMexico. Christopherson (U.S. Forest Service) for securing Hickman, J. C. 1971. Arenaria, section Eremogone, permitsand L. Hanson, LawrenceJaneway, and Lowell (Caryophyllaceae) in the Pacific Northwest: a key Ahart (CHSC) for field assistance during Rabeler's and discussion. Madrono 21:201-207. Wav2Mi0nOes0di,t5saGlavlPsineosUidnAtt;n,ChaAaCnnSlUkid,Cf/ttCCJohaHnEerPSocfSClou,r,yranltaFoo,nCardrnsNasYwUo,tffSooCRrRfASdoSAMr,f,ohroUCorsCHtp/hSiMeJtCIaE,liPCilSltHDuy,sAtadWrVnuaT,tdri/UioonFn,rg,. McNemPCiapal.ln.iulfa,13ol97r9:n-J3i4..ah6iGP1gr9iehen6eos2rgs.J,r.palTBpaCeahn.rxtiksoceHnloieosfycum,bkCidamcCilaAvinif.ssotriu(nodeinidas.e.)s.oUfinTnihCvaetelhriesfJioetrApynlsisoaoin.-f digital images ofcritical material. noideae: I. Generic andinfra-genericgroups. Notes of the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh Literature Cited 24:79-155. Baad, M. F. 1969. Biosystematic studies ofthe North Nepokroeff, M., W. L. Wagner, E. A. Zimmer, American species ofArenaria, subgenusEremogone S. G. Weller, a. K. Sakai, and R. K. Rabeler. (Caryophyllaceae). Ph.D. Dissertation. University 2001. Origin ofthe Hawaiian subfam. Alsinoideae ofWashington. and preliminary relationships in Caryophyllaceae Clifton, G. 2003. Plumas County and Plumas inferred from matK and trnL C-F sequence data. National Forest Flora. Published by author. Botany 2001 Abstracts: 130. Botanical Society of Hartman, R. L. 1993. Caryophyllaceae (except America, Columbus, OH. Available at: http:// Silene). Pp. 475-489, 493^97 in J. C. Hickman www.botany2001.org.