Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease · 1990

451 Pages·1991·31.8 MB·English

by  Nancy Raab-Traub, Hiroshi Sato, Kevin Gilligan, Pathmanathan Rajadurai, Toru Takimoto (auth.), D. V. Ablashi, A. T. Huang, J. S. Pagano, G. R. Pearson, C. S. Yang, Kristinë L. Ablashi (eds.)

Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1990
Experimental Biology and Medicine
Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1990, edited by D. V. Ablashi,
A. T. Huang, J. S. Pagano, G. R. Pearson, and C. S. Yang, 1991
Nutrients and Cancer Prevention, edited by Kedar N. Prasad
and Frank L. Meyskins, Jr., 1990
Hepatic Encephalopathy, edited by Roger F. Butterworth and Gilles
Pomier Layrargues, 1989
Molecular Actions of Alcohol, edited by Grace Y. Sun, P. Kevin Rudeen,
W. Gibson Wood, Yau Huei Wei, and Albert Y. Sun, 1989
Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1988, edited by D. V. Ablashi,
A. Faggioni, G. R. F. I(rueger, J. S. Pagano, and G. R. Pearson, 1989
Macromolecular Biorecognition, edited by Irwin Chaiken, Emilia
Chiancone,Angelo Fontana, and Paolo Neri, 1987
Molecular Basis of Lympholdne Action, edited by David R. Webb,
Carl W. Pierce, and Stanley Cohen, 1987
Biology of Copper Complexes, edited by John R. J. Sorenson, 1987
Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease, edited by P. H. Levine,
D. V. Ablashi, M. Nonoyama, G. R. Pearson, and R. Glaser, 1987
Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis • 1986, edited by Kenneth A.
Walsh, 1987
Regulation of Immune Gene Expression, edited by Marc Feldmann
and Andrew McMichael, 1986
Biological Methylation and Drug Design, edited by Ronald T.
Borchardt, Cyrus R. Creveling, and Per Magne Ueland, 1986
Retroviruses and Human Pathology, edited by Robert C. Gallo,
Dominique Stehelin, and Oliviero E. Varnier, 1985
Directed Drug Delivery, edited by Ronald T. Borchardt, Arnold Repta,
and Valentino Stella, 1985
Immune Regulation, edited by Marc Feldmann and N. A. Mitchison,
1985
Human T Cell Clones, edited by Marc Feldmann, Jonathan R. Lamb,
and James N. Woody, 1985
Inositol and Phosphoinositides, edited by John E. Bleasdale, Joseph
Eichberg, and George Hauser, 1985
Growth, Cancer, and the Cell Cycle, edited by Philip Skehan
and Susan J. Friedman, 1984
Ir Genes, edited by Carl W. Pierce, Susan E. Cullen, Judith A. Kapp,
Benjamin D. Schwartz, and Donald C. Shreffler, 1983
Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis, edited by Marshall Elzinga,
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Membrane Fluidity, edited by Morris Kates and Arnis Kuksis, 1980
Epstein-Barr Virus
and
Human Disease • 1990
Editedby
J.
D. V. Ablashi, A. T. Huang, S. Pagano,
G. R. Pearson, and C. S. Yang
Technica1 Editor
Kristine L. Ablashi
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
el Copyright 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Humana Press Inc. in 1991
Softcover reprint of the hardcover lst edition 1991
AII rights of any nature whatsoever reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, inclucing electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recorcing, computer database
entry, or networking, or in any other manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher.
Library of Congress CataJoging-in-Publication Data
Epstein-Barr virus and human disease, 1990 / ecited by D. V. Ablashi
.... [et al.); technical ecitor, KristinA L. Ablashi.
p. cm. - (Experimental biology and medicine)
Based on the Fourth International Symposium on Epstein-Barr
Virus and Associated Malignant Diseases, held in Hualien, Taiwan,
Sept. 23-28, 1990, organized by the Intemational Association for Research
on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated Diseases .... [et al.).
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-4612-6747-8 ISBN 978-1-4612-0405-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-0405-3
1. Epstein-Barr virus diseases-Congresses. 1. Ablashi, D. V. (Dharam V.)
II. Intemational Association for Research on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated
Diseases. III. Intemational Symposium on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated
Malignant Diseases (4th: 1990: Hua-lien, Taiwan) IV. Series: Experimental biology
and medicine (Clifton, NJ)
[DNLM: 1. Epstein-Barr Virus---i:Orlgresses. OW 16S.S.H3 E649 1990)
OR201.E75E671991
DNLMlDLC
for Library of Congress 91-20857
CIP
Preface
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), isolated in 1966, continues to draw
worldwide attention as an important human pathogen. Its impor
tance is largely related to the continuing accumulation of evidence
that implicates EBV as an etiological factor for certain types of human
cancer. More recent investigations on this virus have focused on the
identity of the viral genes responsible for the different disease mani
festations observed following viral infection. It is hoped that by
thorough investigation of this virus, clues to how cancer develops
from a normal cell will surface. In addition, many of the gene products
are now being exploited for the development of new and more
sensitive tests for the diagnosis and clinical management of individu
als with EBV -associated diseases. Thus, studies on this virus continue
to provide new information of importance to our understanding of the
malignant process.
In an effort to attract both basic and clinical scientists to the same
meeting for purposes of scientific exchange and fostering a closer
interaction between these individuals, a series of international
symposia was initiated in 1984. The first meeting was held in Loutraki,
Greece, and was attended by approximately 100 participants. The
second international symposium was held in St. Petersburg, Florida,
in 1986, and was attended by approximately twice as many partici
pants as attended the Loutraki meeting. Because of the growing
interest in this type of symposium, the International Association for
Research on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated Diseases was formally
chartered in 1987. Two well-attended international workshops have
now been held under the direction of this International Association,
the first in Rome, Italy, and the second more recently in Hualien,
Taiwan. The agenda of both meetings continued to emphasize both
basic and clinical topics, to continue to attract a diverse group of
scientists. The proceedings of the first three international symposia
have been published. This current publication contains reports from
the most recent meeting, held in Taiwan, which highlighted new
v
vi Preface
advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoproliferative dis
eases, as well as the many discoveries on the molecular aspects of the
virus. In addition to individual reports, the book contains a number of
overview presentations that should provide the reader with up-to
date information on this virus and associated diseases. Finally, this
book contains the inaugural Gertrude and Werner Henle Lecture,
which was delivered by Professor Joseph Pagano. This lecture will
continue to be given by an expert in viral oncology at all subsequent
EBV symposia.
D. V.Ablashi
A. T.Huang
,.S.Pagano
G. R. Pearson
C.S. Yang
Acknowledgments
The organizers of the Fourth International Symposium on Epstein-Barr Virus and
Associated Malignant Diseases would like to thank the host organizations for their
dedicated efforts in arranging the meeting.
Host Organizations
International Association for Research College of Medicine, National Taiwan
on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated University, Taiwan
Diseases The Chinese Oncology Society, Taiwan
Department of Health, Ministry of Chinese Society of Microbiology, Taiwan
Interior, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Chinese Society of Cellular and Molecu-
Ministry of Education, and National lar Biology, Taiwan
Science Council of Executive Yuan,
ROC
We also acknowledge with gratitude the financial support of the follow
ing:
Corporate Sponsors
Abbott Laboratories, Inc., USA National Cancer Institute, NIH, USA
AIDS and Cancer Research Foundation, Glaxo, Inc., USA
USA Burroughs Wellcome Co., USA
INC Star Corporation, USA Gran-Bio, Inc., USA
Biotech Research Laboratories, Inc., Bioway Corporation, Taiwan, ROC
USA Schering Plough Research, USA
E. I. Dupont de Nemours Co., Inc. USA Schmidt Co., Ltd., Taiwan, ROC
Ortho Diagnostic, Inc., USA Dr. Kun-Po 500 Medical Research
Viral Antigen, Inc., USA Foundation, Taiwan, ROC
C. F. Koo Foundation, Taiwan, ROC Beckman Instruments (Taiwan), Inc.
Wu Tsun-Hsien Foundation for Culture, ROC
Education, and Public Welfare, Taiwan,
ROC
Private Sponsor
Mr. Y. F. Chen, The Tai-Ping Insurance Co., Ltd., Taiwan, ROC
vii
Dedicated to the memory of
PROFESSOR SHIH-MIEN TU
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
For his contributions to the understanding of the role
of Epstein-Barr Virus in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
The Fourth International Symposium
on
EBV and Associated Malignant Diseases
Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
September 23-28,1990
Dedication
to
Professor Shih-Mien Tu
In 1942, a Japanese doctor in a medical institution in Taipei reported
that, annually, 5.3 newNPC cases were encountered in his institution. This
report inspired a young ENTresident in the Faculty of Medicine, Taihoku
Imperial University (the predecessor of the National Taiwan University),
Dr. Shih-Mien Tu, who knew about 50 cases of NPC in the files of his
department. Since then, he studied this unusual cancer until his death in
July 1989, though NPC was not the major research project in his depart
mentin 1942.
After the Second World War, Taiwan was returned to China. Apatholo
gist, Professor S. Yeh, who came from mainland China, immediately
found a great number of NPC biopsies in the National Taiwan University
Hospital (NTUH) files. A collaboration between Drs. Tu and Yeh began in
1947. They found that squamous metaplasia of the nasopharynx started
from the age of 10 years, and the majority of NPC cases were of the
anaplastic type. The treatment of NPC at that time was very primitive,
using a 250 kV X-ray machine and local radium applications. The five
year survival rate was 12%.
In 1958, cobalt 60 high-energy teletherapy became available at NTIrH.
The results of treatment improved significantly. In the same year, Dr. Tu
was promoted to Professor and Chairman of the Department of
Otolaryngology, NrUH. From 1%2 to 1%3, every NPC patient was
evaluated thoroughly under the guidance of Professor Tu, with patholo
gists and radiotherapists. These procedures became the comerstoneof the
NPC treatment protocol presently used at NrUH. The five-year survival
rate was 25.8% in 1968.
In November 1968, a Sino-Japanese cooperative study of NPC was
organized. The team leaders in this study group were Professors Tu and
Akiyoshi Kawamura, Jr., the latter a professor of immunology at the
ix
x Dedication to Shih-Mien Tu
Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo University. Japanese team members
came to Taipei and worked closely and actively with local researchers in
the National Taiwan University College of Medicine. This cooperative
study was very successful and resulted in many findings, such as EBV
particles in lymphoblastoid cells derived from NPC biopsy cultures.
Professor Tu's contribution to the study of the association of EBV to NPC
was well appreciated by the study group. Unfortunately, this cooperative
study was terminated in September 1972 as a result of the change in
relationship between the two countries.
Radiotherapy of NPC became more sophisticated and precise with the
aid of computer dosimetry. Some adjuvant chemotherapy was suggested
by Professor Tu in 1W6. The five-year survival rate of NPC improved to
47.8% by 1978. In the same period, ProfessorTu asked his students, Dr. M.
M. Hsu to study cell-mediated immunity and Dr. T. C. Lynn to study EBV
serology in NPC. The research on NPC at NUTI-I, therefore, continued to
progress, despite the termination of the cooperative study between Japan
and Taiwan Computerized tomography became precise, and radiation
could be delivered more accurately than before. The five-year survival rate
was improved to 70.6% by 1983.
ProfessorTu was Deputy Director ofNTUHfrom 1972 to 1983, and was
the Director of the Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine from 1983 to
1985. In March of 1984, he suffered from hepatoma, but recovered within
two months and continued his work. He retired from the University in
July 1986, and immediately accepted the position of Director of Tsu-Chi
Hospital in Hualien. During this period, he continued to carry out his
clinical work, caring for his old NPC patients. He received the "Out
standing Scientist of Executive Yuan of the Republic of China" award in
January 1986, for his contributions to the study of NPC.
Professor Tu was President of the Otolaryngological Society of the
Republic of China from 1% 5 to 1987. He was a clinician, a surgeon, and an
administrator, as well as a devoted husband and loving father of one son
and three daughters. He became a Buddhist in the last week of his life,
choosing the name Chi-Chien, and died on July 5, 1989, of hepatoma.
Professor Tu touched and enriched the lives of many patients, students,
and colleagues.
We all miss him.
Czau-Siung Yang
Mow-Ming Hsu