Epidemics and Enslavement: Biological Catastrophe in the Native Southeast, 1492-1715 (Indians of the Southeast)

313 Pages·2007·13.02 MB·English

by  Paul Kelton

EpidemicsandEnslavement
IndiansoftheSoutheast
SeriesEditors
MichaelD.Green
UniversityofNorthCarolina
ThedaPerdue
UniversityofNorthCarolina
AdvisoryEditors
LelandFerguson
UniversityofSouthCarolina
MaryYoung
UniversityofRochester
E E
pidemics nslavement
and
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biological catastrophe in
the native southeast
!1492–11715
PaulKelton
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UniversityofNebraskaPress
Lincoln&London
©2007bytheBoardofRegentsofthe
UniversityofNebraska
Allrightsreserved
ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
∞
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Kelton,Paul.
Epidemicsandenslavement:biologicalcatastropheintheNativeSoutheast,
1492–1715/PaulKelton.
p. cm.—(IndiansoftheSoutheast)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
isbn978-0-8032-2756-9(cloth:alk.paper)
1.IndiansofNorthAmerica—Diseases—SouthAtlanticStates. 2.Indians,
Treatmentof—SouthAtlanticStates. 3.IndiansofNorthAmerica—South
AtlanticStates—History. 4.Smallpox—SouthAtlanticStates—Epidemiology.
5.Slavery—SouthAtlanticStates. 6.SouthAtlanticStates—History. I.Title.
e78.s65k45 2007
614.4089'97075—dc22 2007014353
SetinGaramondPremiereProbyOmegaClay.
DesignedbyOmegaClay.
Formymother
SueKelton
andinmemoryofmyfather
BillKelton

!1
contents
Acknowledgments xi
SeriesEditors’Introduction xv
Introduction xvii
chapter 1
DiseaseEcologyoftheNativeSoutheast,1000–1492|1
chapter 2
TheProtohistoricPuzzle,1492–1659|47
chapter 3
SlaveRaidsandSmallpox,1659–1700|101
chapter 4
TheEpidemiologicalOriginsofthe
YamaseeWar,1700–1715|160
chapter 5
Conclusion 221
Notes 225
Bibliography 263
Index 279

!1
illustrations
Maps
1.PhysiographicRegions 5
2.SpanishExpeditions,1513–1528 57
3.TheSotoExpedition,1539–1543 65
4.TheSoutheast,1559–1585 70
5.SpanishMissionSystem,c.1659 84
6.Virginia’sSouthwesternTradeNetwork,1650–1696 116
7.SouthCarolina’sNativeSlaveTrade,c.1696 142
8.TheGreatSoutheasternSmallpoxEpidemic,1696–1700 151
9.PopulationDispersalandCoalescence,1700–1715 201
10.TheYamaseeWarandItsAftermath,1715–1718 219
tables
1.Aftershockepidemics 162
2.AcensusofSouthCarolina’sNativeallies,1715 171
ix