Enzyme catalysis and control PDF
Preview Enzyme catalysis and control
CURRENT TOPICS IN Cellular Regulation Volume 24 — 1984 Enzyme Catalysis and Control Editors Marlene DeLuca · Henry Lardy Department of Chemistry Institute for Enzyme Research University of California, San Diego University of Wisconsin La Jolla, California Madison, Wisconsin Richard L. Cross Department of Biochemistry Upstate Medical Center State University of New York at Syracuse Syracuse, New York ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers) Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo C O P Y R I G H T © 1984 , BY A C A D E M I C P R E S S , I N C . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Orlando, Florida 3 2 8 8 7 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 72-84153 ISBN 0-12-152824-3 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 84 85 86 87 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Paul, with admiration, respect, love, and thanks, from the past and present members of your laboratory group Contributors Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. CLAUDE AFLALO (435), Department of Biology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel ANTOINE AMORY (471), Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, Université de Lou- vain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium SEELOCHAN BEHARRY (365), Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser Uni- versity, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada IRAJ BEHBAHANI-NEJAD (219), Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 ROBERT W. BERNLOHR (145), Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Uni- versity Park, Pennsylvania 16802 L. L. BIEBER (111), Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State Univer- sity, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 PAUL BOYER (471), Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Insti- tute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024 WILLIAM A. BRIDGER (345), Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada D. CARROLL (21), Department of Biochemistry, University of Massachu- setts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 PHILIPPE CHAMPEIL (397), Service de Biophysique, Centre d'Etudes Nu- cléaires de Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France STEPHEN G. CHANEY (251), Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 1 YEN CHUNG CHANG (181), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 MILDRED COHN (1), Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111 1 Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60612. xi Xll CONTRIBUTORS R. TOBIAS CONSIDINE (251), Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 RICHARD L. CROSS (335), Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210 DAVID CUNNINGHAM (335), Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210 A. STEPHEN DAHMS (447), Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 MARLENE DELUCA (189), Department of Chemistry, University of Califor- nia, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 LEOPOLDO DEMEIS (15), Departamento de Bioqutmica, Instituto de Ciên- cias Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil MARY E. DEMPSEY (63), Department of Biochemistry, University of Minne- sota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 ROBERT B. DENMAN (153), Biochemistry Division, College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 2 TIMOTHY J. DONOHUE (145), Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Uni- versity Park, Pennsylvania 16802 JAMES L. DYE (219), Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 K. E. EBNER (51), Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medi- cal Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66103 GAYLE R. ERDHEIM (301), Department of Chemistry, University of Califor- nia, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 LARS ERNSTER (313), Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden C. J. FIOL (111), Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 HERBERT J. FROMM (197), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 3 ARI GAFNI (273), Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Insti- tute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel 4 J. E. GANDER (99), Department of Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 2 Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801. 3 Present address: Institute of Gerontology and Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. 4 Present address: Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. CONTRIBUTORS xiii NANCY J. GANSON (197), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 J. GIKNER (21), Department of Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 MARCEL-PIERRE GINGOLD (397), Service de Biophysique, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France ANDRÉ GOFFEAU (471), Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, Université de Lou- vain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium KENNETH GOLDMAN (301), Department of Chemistry, University of Cali- fornia, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 YALEE. GOLDMAN (357), Department of Physiology, University of Pennsyl- vania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 DONALD J. GRAVES (181), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 MICHAEL J. GRESSER (365), Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser Uni- versity, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada FLORENT GUILLAIN (397), Service de Biophysique, Centre d'Etudes Nu- cléaires de Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France DAVID D. HACKNEY (379), Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie- Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 IRIS H. HALL (251), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 MARK G. HIBBERD (357), Department of Physiology, University of Pennsyl- vania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 PETER E. HUGHES (171), Institute for Enzyme Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 DONALD E. HULTQUIST (287), Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 5 MICHAEL O. HURST (181), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 6 STEVE JANOVEC (99), Department of Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 7 DAVID A. JUCKETT (287), Department of Biological Chemistry, The Uni- versity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 TOHRU KANAZAWA (423), Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa 078-11, Japan 5 Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309. 6 Present address: Plant Biology Program, Department of Biology, Washington Univer- sity, St. Louis, Missouri 63130. 7 Present address: Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101. XIV CONTRIBUTORS JAW-JOU KANG (447), Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 CELIK KAYALAR (301), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 P. A. KIENER (21), Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bristol Meyers Company, 315 Thompson Road N., Syracuse, New York 13206 WILLIAM L. KLEIN (129), Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201 GÜNTHER KREIL (261), Institute of Molecular Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria JEAN-JACQUES LACAPERE (397), Service de Biophysique, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France HENRY LARDY (171), Institute for Enzyme Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 KUO-HSIUNG LEE (251), Department ofMedicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 DAVID B. MCINTOSH (409, 471), MRC Biomembrane Research Unit/De- partment of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa JOËLLE E. MIARA (447), Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 ROBERT A. MITCHELL (387), Department of Biochemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202 DENISE M. C. MOENNICH (365), Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada GERALD G. NESLUND (447), Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biol- ogy Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 ANTHONY W. NORMAN (35), Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 8 LUCY JEAN SANNES (287), Department of Biological Chemistry, The Uni- versity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 9 HAROLD J. SCHREIER (145), Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Uni- versity Park, Pennsylvania 16802 HAROLD L. SEGAL (229), Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260 8 Present address: Abbott Laboratories, 14th Street and Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064. 9 Present address: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. CONTRIBUTORS XV ARMEN SHANAFELT (301), Department of Chemistry, University of Califor- nia, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 NOUN SHAVIT (435), Department of Biology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel EMANUEL SILVERSTEIN (209), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Depart- ments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York 11203 GOPALAN SOMAN (181), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 CLARENCE H. SUELTER (219), Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 YUICHI TAKAKUWA (423), Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa 078-11, Japan K. TAKASE (51), Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66103 JAMES K. TAMURA (335), Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210 AL L. TAPPEL (87), Department of Food Science and Technology, Univer- sity of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616 DAVID R. TRENTHAM (357), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania 19104 FREDERICK C. WEDLER (153), Biochemistry Division, College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 E. W. WESTHEAD (21), Department of Biochemistry, University of Massa- chusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 W. L. WILLIAMS, JR. (251), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Univer- sity of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Caro- lina 27514 WALKER WILLINGHAM, III (251), Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 JAMES R. WINKLER (229), Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260 JANG-YEN W U (119), Department of Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 Introduction Paul Boyer, in his career in science, has touched on many areas of biochemistry. His diversity is one of his strengths. I won't detail these. They are numerous, and one cannot be an investigator in biochemistry today without being aware of at least some of them. The papers pre- sented in this volume, all related to Paul's interests, bear evidence of this. But I can mention two facets of Paul's abilities which may not come as readily to mind as his work in biochemistry. The first is his administrative abilities, as witness the Molecular Biology Institute of UCLA, an institute which he organized and built to such strength and importance. The second, which to me is as important as his concrete accomplishments in science, is his role in the training of younger scientists, nurturing them so to speak, at the beginning of their careers, and his influence on their growth and development. As one who passed through his laboratory I can attest to his rigorous thinking, his imaginative use of the tools at his disposal, both of which he tried to impress upon his students, and his fairness and honesty, his concern and generosity in dealing with his co-workers, those with whom he collaborated and, just as importantly, those whom he supervised. I was a postdoctoral fellow in Paul's laboratory from 1956 to 1962 working, among other problems, on the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of proteins. The latter project may be a little surprising, but it was Paul Boyer, then at Minnesota, who was a prime mover in obtaining an NMR spectrometer for the school. At that time, NMR was in its infancy, and the state-of-the-art frequency was only 56 MHz. And it was Paul who allowed me, while I was still working in his laboratory, to "play around" to my heart's content in the basement of the chemistry building with proteins and NMR. So, in a very real sense, it is Paul Boyer who is responsible for the very earliest studies on the NMR spectroscopy of proteins. I won't say any more, I think the fact that we have all contributed to this work, Paul's students, past and present, his co-workers, and his friends, is statement enough of our respect, admiration, and aifection for him. Arthur Kowalsky National Science Foundation Washington, D.C. XVll Acknowledgment This book is derived in part from the Proceedings of the Conference on Enzyme Catalysis and Control, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, on June 3 - 5 , 1983, to honor Dr. Paul Boyer on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday. This conference was made possible by financial support from Aca- demic Press, the Albert Parvin Foundation, and the University of Califor- nia, Los Angeles. XIX
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