Envisioning the Past: Archaeology and the Image

259 Pages·2004·2.11 MB·English

Smiles/EnvisioningthePast FinalProof 23.9.2004 3:53pm pagei
Envisioning the Past
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New Interventions in Art History
Series editor: Dana Arnold, University of Southampton
NewInterventionsinArtHistoryisaseriesoftextbookmini-companions–
publishedinconnectionwiththeAssociationofArtHistorians–thataims
toprovideinnovativeapproachesto,andnewperspectiveson,thestudyof
art history. Eachvolume focuses on a specific areaof the discipline of art
history – here used in the broadest sense to include painting, sculpture,
architecture, graphic arts, and film – and aims to identify the key factors
that have shaped the artistic phenomenon under scrutiny. Particular
attentionispaidtothesocialandpoliticalcontextandthehistoriography
oftheartisticculturesormovementsunderreview.Inthisway,theessays
thatcompriseeachvolumecoherearoundthecentralthemewhileprovid-
ing insights into the broader problematics of a given historical moment.
Art and Thought
edited by Dana Arnold and Margaret Iversen (published)
Art and its Publics: Museum Studies at the Millennium
edited by Andrew McClellan (published)
Architectures: Modernism and After
edited by Andrew Ballantyne (published)
After Criticism: New Responses to Art and Performance
edited by Gavin Butt (published)
Envisioning the Past: Archaeology and the Image
edited by Sam Smiles and Stephanie Moser (published)
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Envisioning the Past
Archaeology and the Image
Edited by
Sam Smiles and Stephanie Moser
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(cid:1)2005 byBlackwell Publishing Ltd
blackwell publishing
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TherightofSamSmilesandStephanieMosertobeidentifiedastheAuthors
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UKCopyright, Designs,andPatents Act 1988.
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mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,exceptaspermittedbythe
UKCopyright,Designs,andPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionof
thepublisher.
First published 2005 byBlackwell Publishing Ltd
Libraryof CongressCataloging-in-Publication Data
Envisioningthepast:archaeologyandtheimage/editedbySamSmilesand
Stephanie Moser.
p. cm.—(New interventions in arthistory)
Includesbibliographical referencesandindex.
ISBN 1-4051-1151-8(hardback: alk. paper)—ISBN 1-4051-1150-X
(pbk. : alk.paper)
1.Imaging systemsinarchaeology. I.Smiles, Sam. II.Moser, Stephanie. III.
Series.
CC79.I44E585 2005
930.1’0285—dc22 2004016176
Acatalogue recordfor this title is available from theBritishLibrary.
Setin 10.5/13ptMinion
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Printedandboundin theUnitedKingdom
byTJ International, Padstow, Cornwall
The publisher’s policy is touse permanent paper from mills that operate a
sustainableforestry policy, and which has been manufacturedfrompulp
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Furthermore,thepublisherensuresthat thetext paperandcover boardused
havemetacceptable environmental accreditation standards.
For further information on
BlackwellPublishing, visit our website:
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Smiles/EnvisioningthePast FinalProof 23.9.2004 3:53pm pagev
Contents
Series Editor’s Preface vii
List of Illustrations ix
Notes on Contributors xi
Introduction: The Image in Question 1
Stephanie Moser and Sam Smiles
1 Romancing the Human: The Ideology
of Envisioned Human Origins 13
Paul Privateer
2 ‘‘We Grew Up and Moved On’’: Visitors to British Museums
Consider Their ‘‘Cradle of Mankind’’ 29
Monique Scott
3 The American Time Machine: Indians and the Visualization
of Ancient Europe 51
Stephanie Pratt
4 ‘‘To Make the Dry Bones Live’’: Ame´de´e Forestier’s
Glastonbury Lake Village 72
James E. Phillips
5 Unlearning the Images of Archaeology 92
Dana Arnold
6 Illustrating Ancient Rome, or the Ichnographia as Uchronia
and Other Time Warps in Piranesi’s Il Campo Marzio 115
Susan M. Dixon
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vi Contents
7 Thomas Guest and Paul Nash in Wiltshire: Two Episodes
in the Artistic Approach to British Antiquity 133
Sam Smiles
8 A Different Wayof Seeing? Toward a Visual Analysis of
Archaeological Folklore 158
Darren Glazier
9 Photography and Archaeology: The Image as Object 180
Frederick N. Bohrer
10 Wearing Juninho’s Shirt: Record and Negotiation in
Excavation Photographs 192
Jonathan Bateman
11 Video Killed Engaging VR? Computer Visualizations
on the TVScreen 204
Graeme P. Earl
12 The Real, the Virtually Real, and the Hyperreal: The
Role of VR in Archaeology 223
Mark Gillings
Index 240
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Series Editor’s Preface
New Interventions in Art History was established to provide a forum for
innovative approaches to and perspectives on the study of Art History in
all its complexities. Envisioning the Past is an original volume that pulls
together a wide-ranging selection of material which coheres around a
strong central theme. The essays consider how visual representations
have shaped archaeology and the conceptualization of the past by
museums, through the new medium of virtual reality and in the work of
art historians. The contributors demonstrate a wide variety of interests
and approaches. Particularly notable is the inclusion of several chapters
dealing with topics and methods usually isolated within specific discip-
linesorgroupedtogetherintostudiesofmarginalizedmaterial.Thus,the
reader is able to compare chapters on American Indians with those on
IronAgeEurope.Thedisciplinaryandmethodologicalcoverageisequally
broad, ranging from art-historical and archaeological to anthropological,
citing such tools as virtual technology in addition to photographs and
archaeological field notes.
The strength of the book is the cross-disciplinary examination of a
vibrant issue at a crucial moment in its evolution. In effect, it provides a
windowintocurrentcross-disciplinarythinkingabouttheconstructionof
knowledge concerning the past. In range, content, and timeliness, this
work makes a valuable contribution to this burgeoning field of enquiry
that embraces at once archaeology, architectural and art history, cultural
geography, anthropology, and history.
The chapters combine to form an innovative and insightful interro-
gationofhowwethinkaboutandenvisionthepast,whichisapromptfor
future research that will take this debate in new directions. As such, the
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viii Series Editor’s Preface
transdisciplinary concerns of Envisioning the Past are most pertinent to
NewInterventions,andthisvolumeisaverypleasingadditiontotheseries.
DanaArnold
London,2004
Smiles/EnvisioningthePast FinalProof 23.9.2004 3:55pm pageix
Illustrations
2.1 Display on human evolution, Natural History Museum 37
2.2 Visitor observing display on human evolution,
Horniman Museum 38
3.1 Pe`re Joseph Franc¸ois Lafitau, Moeurs des sauvages
am´eriquains compar´ees aux moeurs des premier temps,
plate 1, volume II, engraving, 1724 62
3.2 Pe`re Joseph Franc¸ois Lafitau, Moeurs des sauvages
am´eriquains compar´ees aux moeurs des premier temps,
plate 3, volume II, engraving, 1724 64
4.1 Forestier’s jetty scene: ‘‘The entrance to the lake village
of the ancient Britons: the skilfully built landing-stage:
and a general view of the settlement showing the piled
stockade,’’ The Illustrated London News, December 11, 1911 80
4.2 Forestier’s roundhouse scene: ‘‘In a dwelling-place
set on an artificial island in north central Somersetshire:
the inside of a hut of the British Lake Village near
Glastonbury,’’ The Illustrated London News,
December 11, 1911 81
5.1 Andrea Palladio, The Villa Almerico, known as
‘‘La Rotonda,’’ near Vicenza, 1566–9, from Palladio,
Il Quattro Libri dell’Architettura (Venice, 1570),
book II, plate XIII 102
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x List of Illustrations
5.2 Reconstruction of the plan (partly unexecuted)
for the Villa Madama, near Rome, 1518 onwards 103
6.1 Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Tavole V–X, Ichnographia,
from Il Campo Marzio (Rome, 1762) 118
6.2 Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Tavola XVII, Reliquiae
columnarum Aedis Apollinis ... from Il Campo Marzio
(Rome, 1762) 123
7.1 Thomas Guest, Bronze Age Grave Group Excavated at
Winterslow in 1814, oil on canvas, 45.3 x 60.7 cm 134
7.2 Thomas Guest, Saxon Grave Goods from an Excavation
at Winterslow, 1814, oil on canvas, 45.6 x 60.7 cm 135
7.3 Paul Nash, Equivalents for the Megaliths (1935), oil on
canvas, 45.7 x 66 cm 136
8.1 The Shaitan and the amphora 170
8.2 The site and the citadel 171
9.1 Auguste Salzmann, Jaffa Gate, Inscription on the
False Door, photograph, 1855–6 182
9.2 Fe´lix Teynard, Rock-Cut Architecture-Tomb of
Amenemhat, Beni-Hasan, photograph, 1851–2 185
10.1 Group portrait of participants in the
Gardoms Edge Project, with Juninho’s shirt, 1997 199
10.2 Composite photograph, Gardoms Edge Project, 1996, 1997 201