Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities: Exploring the Relevance of Embeddedness, Networking, Empowerment and Communitarian Values PDF
Preview Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities: Exploring the Relevance of Embeddedness, Networking, Empowerment and Communitarian Values
Sujana Adapa · Alison Sheridan · Subba Reddy Yarram Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities Exploring the Relevance of Embeddedness, Networking, Empowerment and Communitarian Values Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities “Their book should be on the reading list of scholars, executives, and policy makersseekingtounderstandthevalueofdoingofentrepreneurshipinregional communities in Australia and the influence of gender. This is more impor- tant now that there are more people working remotely and the capacity to deliver goods and success digitally dramatically improved as a result of the COVID crisis.The approach taken by the authors draws on theory and data, emphasisingtheenactmentofplace-basedentrepreneurshipinthebioregions.” —Ms. Kate Carnell, Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman “Entrepreneurship is a challenging experience for anyone, but for business owner-operators based in regional and remote areas, it can be particularly demanding. Despite this, many intrepid entrepreneurs successfully launch and scale their business ventures, overcoming the tyranny of distance, inadequate infrastructure and isolation. This new book ‘Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities’ by A/Professor Sujana Adapa, Professor Alison Sheridan and Dr Subba Reddy Yarram from the University of New England (UNE) Busi- ness School, offers a unique insight into the theory and practice of regional entrepreneurship. It draws on international research literature to help explain the evolution of such businesses within the Australian regional context. The bookisavaluableadditiontothelibraryofanystudent,practitionerorgovern- ment policy maker interested in enhancing economic and social development in regional areas through the entrepreneurial process.” —ProfessorTim Mazzarol, University ofWestern Australia; Director, Centre for Entrepreneurial Management and Innovation (CEMI); Director, Commercialisation Studies Centre (CSC) · · Sujana Adapa Alison Sheridan Subba Reddy Yarram Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities Exploring the Relevance of Embeddedness, Networking, Empowerment and Communitarian Values Sujana Adapa Alison Sheridan UNE Business School UNE Business School University of New England University of New England Armidale, NSW, Australia Armidale, NSW, Australia Subba ReddyYarram UNE Business School University of New England Armidale, NSW, Australia ISBN 978-3-030-60558-2 ISBN 978-3-030-60559-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60559-9 ©The Editor(s) (if applicable) andThe Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnot imply,evenintheabsenceof aspecific statement,thatsuch namesareexempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To all entrepreneurs and businesses in regional communities Foreword What does it mean to be a regional entrepreneur in Australia? Is entrepreneurship manifested the same way in regional and urban areas in Australia? Overwhelmingly, regional entrepreneurship is not fully explored and explained in the Australian context. In ‘Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities’, the book takes readers on a fascinating walk through both the state and status of regional entrepreneurship in the bioregions of Northern Inland New South Wales, Australia. It is a walk through that affords fundamental insights into the concept of entrepreneurship as well as providing compelling justification for exploringtheoftenneglectedareaofregionalentrepreneurship.Onekey insight this exploration yields is just how gender plays out within the entrepreneurial space.The authors build on and contribute to the inter- national regional entrepreneurship literature by drawing on the frame- worksandpillarspresentedbyGlobalEntrepreneurshipMonitor,Global Competitiveness Index and Global Entrepreneurship Index. These sources see both the national and international environments compared and contrasted in ways that explain the relevance of various macro environmental factors such as economic stability, openness to vii viii Foreword innovations and, most importantly, what this means for the support provided for entrepreneurial activities. This macro view provides the context for the authors to then narrow the focus to examine the prior existing evidence related to urban and regional entrepreneurship in Australia and these are explained in detail through an exploration of an existing secondary dataset. With this thorough grounding done, the bioregions are then introduced and readers are taken on a journey through the unique characteristics of each of the regions. These details includeprofilesofemployment,thenatureandtypesofbusinesses,popu- lation spread and demography, as is the growing importance of the service sector to the local economies. This wealth of information is then complemented and really brought tolifewithadelightfulcollectionofcasestudiesthatrangefromnascent throughtoestablishedgrowingandestablishedplateauedfirms.Itishere wefindthatthevoicesofstart-upfoundersandowner-managersofthese firms provide insight into the common advantages and similarities expe- riencedaswellastheuniquethemesthateachexperience.Itisaperspec- tive that means that this book really brings home the message that the way entrepreneurship is enacted in the regional areas is distinct from that of urban areas. Regional entrepreneurship relies on the enabling entrepreneurial ecosystems through increasing social capital, commu- nitarian values and business networks. Further, regional entrepreneurs explicitly and intuitively recognise the value of their embeddedness and itisthisthatempowersthemtoprogressentrepreneurialactivitiesandto add value to their communities. These are key strengths of this book and it adds a valuable contribu- tionasitexplainsthevalueofentrepreneurshipinregionalcommunities, specifically in terms of recognising the influence of gender. This book presentsimportanttheoretical,practicalandpolicyimplicationstofoster place-basedentrepreneurialecosystemsintheregionalAustraliancontext Foreword ix and is a must read for a wide audience from policymakers and services providers through to students of entrepreneurship and small business. Tui McKeown Associate Professor Department of Management Monash Business School Monash University Melbourne, Australia President, Small Enterprise Association of Australia & New Zealand (SEAANZ) Ringwood, Australia http://www.seaanz.org Acknowledgments Writing this book has been an arduous journey but nevertheless, it has been gratifying to see all the chapters come together. Our sincere thanks and deep gratitude go to the start-up founders and established business owner-managers in the bioregions—Armidale and Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia. The founders and owner- managers wholeheartedly shared their experiences and stories with us. It is the founders and owner-managers embeddedness in the region and their communitarian values that inspired us to pursue this research project. This book would not have been possible without the encour- agement and participation of the founders and owner-managers of the regionalbusinesses.Itwasanabsolutepleasuretolistentotheirpersonal stories and entrepreneurial endeavours. We are also grateful to Ms. Liz Barlow and Ms. Ashwini Elango from Palgrave Macmillan who offered immense support throughout to make this book a reality. Sujana Adapa Alison Sheridan Subba ReddyYarram xi Contents 1 Setting the Scene 1 Introduction 1 Entrepreneurship 2 Social Entrepreneurship 4 Entrepreneurship in Context 5 Phases of Entrepreneurship 9 Entrepreneurial Identities 15 Gender and Regional Entrepreneurship 15 Statement of Aims 17 Definitions of Australian Businesses 18 Book Structure 19 Conclusion 22 References 22 2 How Does Australia Rate? 33 Introduction 33 Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) 34 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 37 Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) 42 xiii
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