ENR 1.6 RADAR SERVICE AND PROCEDURES - AIP New Zealand

32 Pages·2016·0.6 MB·English

AIPNewZealand ENR1.6-1
ENR 1.6 ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICES AND
PROCEDURES
1 GENERAL
1.1 ServicesProvided
1.1.1 ATSSurveillanceservicesareprovidedbymeansofprimary
surveillanceradar(PSR),secondarysurveillanceradar(SSR),automatic
dependentsurveillance—broadcast(ADS-B)andmultilateration(MLAT)
systems.
1.1.2 Pilotsshouldnotethataradarinformationservicecannotprovide
collisionavoidanceinformationonaircraftthat:
(a) donothaveanoperatingtransponder;and
(b) inadvertentlypenetratetranspondermandatoryairspacebeyondthe
rangeoftheassociatedPSR.
1.1.3 IntheeventoffailureofanassociatedPSR,thelimitationsnoted
in1.1.2willalsoapplyinthefollowingairspace:
(a) Auckland,Wellington,andChristchurchCTA/CandCTR/C;
(b) WoodbourneCTA/D;and
(c) WhenuapaiandWoodbourneCTR/D.
1.1.4 LimitationsofservicewillbeadvisedbyNOTAM.
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2 PRIMARYSURVEILLANCERADAR(PSR)
2.1 PSRSites
2.1.1 PSRs,withamaximumrangeofupto80NM,arelocatedat:
(a) AucklandAirport;
(b) ChristchurchAirport;and
(c) HawkinsHill(3.5NMwestofWellingtonAirport).
D
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3 SECONDARYSURVEILLANCERADAR(SSR)
3.1 SSRSites
3.1.1 SSRs,withamaximumrangeof256NM,arelocatedatthe
followingsites:
(a) Ruaotuwhenua 12.5NMnorth-westofAucklandAirport;
(b) TeWeraiti KaimaiRange6.5NMeastofMatamataTownship;
(c) Ballance TararuaRangebetweenPalmerstonNorth
aerodromeandPahiatuaTownship;
(d) HawkinsHill 3.5NMwestofWellingtonAirport;
(e) MtRobertson 3NMsouth-eastofPictonTownship;
(f) CassPeak PortHills9.5NMsouth-eastofChristchurch
Airport.
3.1.2 TheSSRsitesareallelevatedtoimprovelowlevelcover.Theyare
shownontheappropriatetopographicalcharts.
3.2 Transponders
3.2.1 Transpondersallowpositiveaircraftidentificationandaltitude
informationtobedisplayedtoairtrafficcontrol.Thisenablescontrollers
toquicklydeterminewherepotentialconflictscouldoccur.
3.2.2 Inaddition,operationoftranspondersatalltimesincreasessafety
whenoperatinginthevicinityofACASequippedaircraft,andwillenhance
SearchandRescueandemergencyactionwhenoperatingwithin
surveillancecover.
3.2.3 AdherencetotransponderoperatingproceduresprovidesbothVFR
andIFRaircraftwithahigherdegreeofsafetyandreduces
communications,givingamoreefficientservice.
3.2.4 AnaircraftequippedwithModeSwhichhasanaircraftidentification
capabilitymusttransmittheaircraftidentificationasspecifiedinItem7of
theICAOflightplanor,whennoflightplanhasbeenfiled,theaircraft
registration.
3.2.5 AircraftequippedwithModeSmustincludetheModeSaddressin
Item18oftheflightplan,e.g.CODE/C81111.
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3.2.6 ATCmustverifywiththepilotatleastonceduringtheflightthatthe
altitudeinformationreceivedfromthetransponderiscorrect,priortousing
thatinformationforseparationpurposes.
3.2.7 ATCwillreceiveanalertwheretheselectedlevelenteredintothe
modecontrolpanel/flightcontrolunitofanenhancedsurveillance(EHS)
Mode-Sequippedaircraftdoesnotmatchtheclearedlevelissuedbythe
controllerorintermediatelevelcontainedintheSRC.ATCwilladvisethe
aircraftofthediscrepancy,e.g.
“FASTAIR927CHECKSELECTEDLEVEL.CLEAREDLEVELIS10,000FT”
3.3 SystemofSSRCodeAssignment
SSRCodeAllocation
3.3.1 SSRcodesareallocatedbyradarequippedATSfacilitiesto
controlledflightsoperatingwithintheirareaofresponsibility,andto
controlledflightsenteringtheNewZealandFIRfromtheAucklandOceanic
FIR.
3.3.2 CodesforuseinNewZealandareallocatedinaccordancewith
internationalagreementsandinstructionscontainedintheManualofAir
TrafficServices.
3.3.3 Thepilotoperatinganaircraft,notinaformation,intransponder-
mandatoryairspacemustsetthetransponder:
(a) totheappropriatecodeassignedbyATCfortheflight;or
(b) ifnotassignedacodebyATC,inaccordancewithTableENR1.6-1;or
(c) ifanin-flightemergency,lossofcommunications,oranunlawful
interferenceoccurs,inaccordancewithTableENR1.6-2.
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TableENR1.6-1
TransponderCodeAllocation
Flight TypeofAircraft SSRCode
Rules
IFR WithinAucklandOceanicFIR:
including
DepartingNewZealandFIR Codeassignedon
Flight
departure
RulesY
andZ InboundtooroverflyingNew Lastcodeassigned,
ZealandFIR or2000
WithinNewZealandFIR Codeassigned,or2000
VFR Firesuppressionandreconnaissance 0111
(fixedwingandhelicopters)
Civilaeroplanesotherthangliders 1200
Glidersandballoons 1300
AircraftinGeneralAviationAreas 1400
Civilhelicopters 1500
WithinAucklandOceanicFIR 2000
Aircraftoperatinginaerodrometraffic 2200
circuitatcontrolledaerodromes
Defenceaeroplanes 6000
Defencehelicopters 6500
TableENR1.6-2
EmergencySSRCodes
Occurrence SSRCode
Unlawfulinterference 7500
Lossofradiocommunication 7600
In-flightemergencywhennocodehas 7700
beenallocatedbyATC
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FormationSSRcodesandprocedures
3.3.4 Inmilitaryformations,anindividualSSRcodewillbeassignedto
eachaircraftintheformation.Thelastnumberofthecodeshould
correspondtotheaircraft’sformationnumbere.g.RED1=6121,RED2=
6122,etc.
3.3.5 Incivilformations,anSSRcodewillbeassignedtotheformation
leader,andallotheraircraftwillbeassignedcode2020.
3.3.6 UnlessotherwiseinstructedbyATC,allaircraftintheformationare
tosquawkNORMAL,exceptthatwithinairspaceunderthecontrolof
Ohakea,theleaderistosquawkNORMALandallotheraircraftareto
squawkSTANDBY,unlessotherwiseinstructed.
3.3.7 WheremembersofaformationhavebeeninstructedbyATCto
squawkSTANDBYtheformationleadermustadviseATCimmediatelythere
isarelaxationorsignificantchange(laterallyorvertically)tothe
formation’sconfiguration.ThisistoenableATCtore-evaluateseparation
requirementsbetweentheaircraftintheformationandotheraircraft.
3.4 TransponderProceduresforPilots
3.4.1 TheuseofSSRtransponderandaltitudereportingequipmentis
prescribedinCAR91.247.
3.4.2 PilotsmustoperatetranspondersinaccordancewithATC
instructionsandmustacknowledgebyreadingbackcodesetting
instructions.
3.4.3 Pilotsmustnotoperatethe“IDENT”featureunlessinstructedby
ATC.
3.4.4 WithintheAucklandOceanicFIR(westof180°)andtheNew
ZealandFIR,anaircraftcarrying1090MHzextendedsquitter(1090ES)
ADS-BequipmentshalldisableADS-Btransmissionunless:
(a) theaircraftemitspositioninformationofanaccuracyandintegrity
consistentwiththetransmittedvalueofthepositionquality
indicator;or
(b) theaircraftalwaystransmitsavalueof0(zero)foroneormoreof
thepositionqualityindicators(NUCp,NIC,NACorSIL);or
(c) theoperatorhasreceivedspecificdispensationfromtheDirectorof
CivilAviation.
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Note1—Thefollowingdocumentsprovideguidancefortheinstallation
andairworthinessapprovalofADS-BOUTsystemsinaircraftandensure
compliancewitha)above:
(i) FAApolicymemoAir-100dated10Oct2012;or
(ii) EuropeanAviationSafetyAgency(EASA)AMC20-24;or
(iii) FAAACNo.20-165A—AirworthinessApprovalofADS-B;or
(iv) ConfigurationstandardsreflectedinAppendixXIofCivilAviation
Order20.18oftheCivilAviationSafetyAuthorityofAustralia.
Note2—DownlinkedADS-BdatawillnotbeusedbytheATCsystemfor
determiningaircraftpositionwhenanyofthepositionqualityindicators
(NUCp,NIC,NACorSIL)haveavalueof0(zero).
General
3.4.5 Thepilotofanaircraftwhohasreceivedspecificinstructions
concerningthetranspondersetting,orwhoisoperatingaVFRcodein
transpondermandatoryairspace,must,unlesscomplyingwithemergency
procedures,maintainthatsettinguntilotherwiseadvisedbyanATSunit.
IFR
3.4.6 AllaircraftonanIFRflightplanwillreceiveaspecific,discrete
transpondercodeforthatflightaspartofanATCclearance.
3.4.7 ThepilotofanIFRaircraftflyingintheNewZealandFIR,butnot
yetinreceiptofanATCclearance,mustsetcode2000.
3.4.8 ThepilotofanIFRaircraftflyingintheAucklandOceanicFIRmust
setcode2000unlessaspecifictranspondercodehasbeenspecifiedbyan
ATSunit.
VFR
3.4.9 Alimitednumberoftranspondercodesareavailableforallocationto
VFRaircraftoncross-countryflights.WhenfilingaVFRflightplanviaIFIS,
thepre-allocatedcodewillbeshowninthemessageacknowledging
acceptanceofthefiledflightplan.WhenfilingviaFAXorbyphonewiththe
NationalBriefingOffice,noacknowledgmentofapre-allocatedcodewillbe
made.
3.4.10ApplicationforpermanentcodesmustbemadetotheNational
BriefingOffice.
3.4.11ThepilotsofallVFRtransponderequippedaircraft,whetheronflight
planornot,whohavebeenassignedadiscreteaircraftorATCcode,should
operatethatcodeatalltimes,unlessotherwiseinstructedbyATC,orwhen
anemergencySSRcodeisrequired.ThepilotsofotherVFRaircraftshould
setthecodeindicatedinTableENR1.6-1.
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UnlawfulInterference
3.4.12Thepilotofanaircraftwhichisbeingsubjectedtounlawful
interference,orthethreatofunlawfulinterference,mustendeavourto
adviseATSofthefact,togetherwithdetailsofanysubsequentdeviation
fromthecurrentflightplanandanyothersignificantfactorsaffectingthe
operation.ThisenablesATStogiveprioritytotheaircraftandtoalert
organisationslikelytobeinvolved.Thefollowingproceduresshouldbe
followed:
(a) squawkCODE7500MODEA;
(b) adviseATSofdetailsinplainlanguageifpossible;
(c) ifunrestricteduseoftheradioisnotpossible,insertthephrase
“CHANNELSEVENFIVEZEROZERO”intoanyRTFtransmissionafter
theaircraft’scallsignifitissafeandpracticabletodoso.
3.4.13Wheneverithasbeenestablishedthatanaircraftistranspondingon
code7500thecontrollerwillattempttoverifybyRTFwiththeaircraft
concernedthatthecodeselectionisintentional:
“...(CALLSIGN)...CONFIRMSQUAWKINGSEVENFIVEZEROZERO”.
3.4.14Iftheaircraftisnotbeingsubjectedtounlawfulinterference,the
pilotshouldrespondtothequerybybroadcastingthattheaircraftisnot
beingsubjectedtounlawfulinterference.
3.4.15Ifthereplyisintheaffirmativeorifnoreplyreceived,thiswill
indicatetheaircraftissubjectedtounlawfulinterference.
3.4.16ATSpersonnelrecognisinganyindicationofunlawfulinterferenceto
anaircraftwillattendpromptlytoitsrequest.Informationpertinenttothe
safeconductoftheflightwillcontinuetobetransmittedandactionwillbe
takentofacilitatetheconductofallphasesofflight.
TransponderSettingProcedure
3.4.17ATCradarunitsareequippedwithalarmsystemsthatactivatewhen
theaircraftiswithinradarcoverageandthepilotselectstheunlawful
interference(code7500),communicationfailure(code7600),or
emergencytranspondercode(code7700).
3.4.18Itispossibletounintentionallyselectthesecodesmomentarily
whenchangingthetransponderfromonecodetoanother.Toprevent
unnecessaryactivationofthealarm,pilotsshouldsettranspondersto
“STANDBY”whilechangingtranspondercodes.
UseofStandby/On/Off
3.4.19Pilotsshouldsettranspondersto“STANDBY”whiletaxiing;then
“ON”aslateaspracticablebeforetake-off;andto“STANDBY”or“OFF”as
soonaspracticableafterlanding.Inpractice,transpondersshouldbe
turnedononlyuponenteringtheactiverunwayfordepartureandturned
offassoonastheaircraftexitstherunwayafterlanding.
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3.4.20Whenturningthetransponderon,ensurethatthealtitude(ALT)
selectionismadeallowingtransmissionofModeA(selectedcode)and
ModeC(altitude)data.
3.4.21Pilotsofaircraftoperatinginthecircuitofacontrolledaerodrome
shouldonlysettranspondersto“STANDBY”wheninstructedbyATC,or
whensuchaninstructionisincludedontheaerodromechart.
3.4.22SpecialproceduresapplyatAucklandINTL;referAucklandGround
Movements(2)—ALLRWYpage.
UseofModeCforVerticalSeparation
3.4.23Whenreportinglevelsunderroutineproceduresorwhenrequested
byATC,pilotsmuststatethecurrentaltimeterreadingtothenearest100ft.
ThisenablestheverificationofModeCdatatransmittedbytheaircraft.
3.4.24Ifthereisadifferenceofmorethan200ftbetweenthetransponder
levelreadoutandthereportedlevel,thepilotwillbeadvisedtocheckthe
altimetersetting.Ifthedifferencecontinuesthepilotwillbeinstructedto
switchoffModeC.
3.4.25Afterverification,ModeCmaybeusedbyATCtoascertain:
(a) thataircraftaremaintainingassignedlevels;or
(b) thataircrafthavevacated,passed,orreachedalevel.
3.4.26UnverifiedModeCdatawillnotbeusedforverticalseparation.
ACASprocedures
3.4.27AlertsgeneratedbyanACAS(suchasTCAS)arebeingexperienced
despitecorrectATCseparationbeingappliedorthereisadequatevertical
and/orhorizontaldistancebetweentheaircraft.
3.4.28Followingaresuggestionsforreducingthenumberofthesealerts:
(a) Highperformanceaircraftintheclimbordescentshouldreduce
theirrateofclimbordescentforthelast1000ftpriortocleared
altitude.“Adjustverticalspeed”advisoriesshouldbefollowed.
(b) AircraftoperatingatthelowestIFRcruisinglevelwithincontrolled
airspacewillbeonly500ftabovetheupperlimitofuncontrolled
airspace.AircraftshouldreviewoperationsatthislevelifVFRtraffic
isinthevicinity.
(c) Whenoperatingbyvisualreferencewithin,orenteringacontrolled
aerodrometrafficcircuit,pilotsshouldoperateanACASonTraffic
Avoidance(TA)mode.ThisistoavoidunnecessaryResolution
Advisory(RA)manoeuvresagainstcontrolledtrafficwherevisual,
compositevisual,500ftverticalorrunwayseparationstandards
thatarenotconsideredbyanACASasbeingapplied.
Thisadvicealsoapplieswhenoperatinginproximitytouncontrolled
aerodromes.
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