Enlarging the European Union: The Commission Seeking Influence, 1961–1973 PDF
Preview Enlarging the European Union: The Commission Seeking Influence, 1961–1973
Enlarging the European Union This page intentionally left blank Enlarging the European Union The Commission Seeking Influence, 1961–1973 Michael J. Geary AssistantProfessor,MaastrichtUniversity,TheNetherlands GlobalEuropeFellow,WoodrowWilsonInternationalCenterforScholars,Washington,DC ©MichaelJ.Geary2013 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-0-230-30280-8 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedhisrighttobeidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2013by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-33784-2 ISBN 978-1-137-31557-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137315571 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. To Carmel Moylan and Paddy Geary for their love and support This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgements viii ListofAbbreviations x Introduction 1 1 TheCommissionandBritain’sFirstApplication 15 2 TheCommissionandtheIrishApplication 43 3 FromVetotoVeto:BritainandtheCommission 62 4 IrelandandthePolicyofFailure 87 5 NavigatingtheGaullistVeto 105 6 LaBatailledesChiffres 133 7 ChallengingtheAcquis 159 Conclusions 181 Notes 187 Bibliography 231 Index 245 vii Acknowledgements AttheEuropeanUniversityInstituteinFlorence,Ienjoyedauniqueworking environmenttoresearchandwriteaPhDonEuropeanUnionenlargement. IwouldliketothankthestaffattheEUIfortheiradministrativehelp,and theGovernmentofIreland/EUIforfundingthedoctoralscholarship.Profes- sors N. Piers Ludlow and Pascaline Winandprovided excellent supervision. Theybothdeservewarmthanksfortheirconstantsupportandprofessional guidance. Professors Kiran Klaus Patel and Jan van der Harst offered advice andconstructivecomments,andsharedtheirwealthofknowledge,andfor this I am very grateful. Kiran, in particular, has been a constant source of encouragementsinceIleftFlorence–athousandthanks. Dr Denise Dunne, NUI Maynooth, merits a special mention for first sug- gesting that I explore the historical role of the European Commission, and forbeingahighlysupportivementoroverthelastnumberofyears.Madame Collonval and her colleagues at the European Commission Archives in Brussels were always very helpful and efficient during my many research trips. I also wish to thank staff at various archives around Europe, and in the United States. Palgrave Macmillan and my editors, Clare Mence and Holly Tyler, were predictably efficient throughout the publication process. Ananonymousreviewerprovidedmewithsomeveryusefulsuggestions. A Fulbright-Schuman Fellowship to Washington, DC, and a European Parliament-BronisławGeremekResearchFellowshiptotheCollegeofEurope (Warsaw) allowed me time to work on the manuscript. In DC, I would like to offer particular thanks to Professors Michael Kimmage and Jerry Muller at the Catholic University of America, who welcomed me into the History Department.BillErb,ProfessorStefaniaLucamante,andtheirsons,Stefano andLamberto,gavemeaverywarmandgenerousItalianintroductiontolife inWashington.ProfessorBarbaraCurli,KevinA.Lees,andtheincrediblytal- entedSeptimeWebreensuredthatmyFulbrightexperiencewaseverything Icouldhavehopedfor.InWarsaw,wordsofappreciationwarmlygotoPiotr Kozikowski,AnnaFlanagan,AmbassadorEugeneHutchinson,andDrIryna Vushko. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to the pre-eminent Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in DC, where I worked onthefinalcorrections. At various stages of this project, family and friends provided encourage- ment,andlightrelieffromthesolitaryprocessofarchivalresearch,writing, and revising. Let me thank William Casey, Professor Vincent Comerford, Laura Danielìu¯te˙, Thomas J. Doyle, Mary Fitzpatrick and Seán Cody, Mary Geary, Dr Carine Germond, Professor Margaret Kelleher, Dr Georgina and Elizabeth Laragy, Tony McCarthy, Dr Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol, Dr Patryk viii Acknowledgements ix Pawlak, Malcolm Quigley, Stelios Makriyiannis, Kieran Moylan, Jeroen van Liempd, Thierry Rancé-Francius, and the inspiring Dr Bernadette Trehy. IalsowishtothankAnthony,Brian,Bridget,David,Mairéad,andNora,and myparents,RitaandJohnGeary,whoremainmybiggestsupporters. IdedicatethebooktoCarmelMoylanandPaddyGeary,fortheirloveand support. Washington,DC,April2013
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