English for electrical engineers: учебное пособие

74 Pages·2015·0.968 MB·Russian

by  И. А. Баринова, Е. Н. Киселёва, Т. В. Кондрашина , Пермский нац. исслед. политехнический ун-т

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
учреждение высшего профессионального образования
Пермский национальный исследовательский
политехнический университет

И.А. Баринова, Е.Н. Киселёва, Т.В. Кондрашина

English
for Electrical Engineers

Утверждено
Редакционно-издательским советом университета
в качестве учебного пособия

Издательство
Пермского национального исследовательского
политехнического университета
2015
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК Ш143.21-923
Б24

Рецензенты:
доктор филологических наук, профессор Т.Н.Чугаева
(Пермский научный центр УрО РАН);
кандидат педагогических наук, профессор Л.П. Шишкина
(Пермский национальный исследовательский
политехнический университет)

Баринова, И.А.
Б24 English for Electrical Engineers: учеб. пособие / И.А. Баринова,
Е.Н. Киселёва, Т.В. Кондрашина. – Пермь: Изд-во Перм. нац. исслед.
политехн. ун-та, 2015. – 74 c.

ISBN 978-5-398-01366-5

Пособие состоит из двух разделов и приложения. Каждый раздел включает
несколько оригинальных текстов, а также комплекс речевых упражнений, образцы
коммуникативных ситуаций диалогической и монологической речи, соответст-
вующих принципам современной коммуникативной методики.
Первый раздел содержит тексты и задания, предназначенные для формиро-
вания коммуникативных навыков в деловой сфере. Второй раздел и приложение
включают в себя материал, необходимый для развития коммуникативных навыков
в сфере профессионального общения. В состав второго раздела входят рекоменда-
ции по аннотированию и реферированию научно-технических текстов, составле-
нию аналитического обзора научной литературы, созданию презентации и веде-
нию научной дискуссии. В приложении представлены научно-технические тексты
по специальности, а также упражнения, направленные на развитие навыков чте-
ния, понимания и перевода профессионально-ориентированного текста.
Настоящее учебное пособие по английскому языку предназначено для ма-
гистров технических специальностей и имеет целью развитие иноязычных рече-
вых навыков в ситуациях делового и профессионального общения.

УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК Ш143.21-923

ISBN 978-5-398-01366-5 © ПНИПУ, 2015
Contents

Part I. Business Communication ......................................................4

1.1. Meeting Foreign Colleagues ...................................................4
1.2. Business Ethics ........................................................................5
1.3. Correspondence .......................................................................7
1.3.1. Business Correspondence ..............................................7
1.3.2. Scientific Correspondence ..........................................11
1.4. Career Prospects ....................................................................12
1.5. Telephoning ..........................................................................18
1.6. Negotiations ..........................................................................20

Part II. Professional English ...........................................................22

2.1. Science ..................................................................................22
2.2. Abstract .................................................................................26
2.3. Summary ...............................................................................27
2.4. Review ..................................................................................29
2.5. Patent .....................................................................................31
2.6. Making Presentations ............................................................33
2.7. Taking Part in a Discussion ...................................................36

Appendix 1 Some Tips for Translation ............................................39
Appendix 2 Texts for Electrical Engineers .......................................40
Bibliography .....................................................................................72
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Part I. Business Communication

1.1. Meeting Foreign Colleagues

1. Read and act out the following dialogues.

At the airport
 Excuse me… Are you Mr Black?
 Yes.
 I’m Vladimir Vorobjov, from TES System. How do you do?
 How do you do?
 Have I kept you waiting?
 Oh, no…the plane’s just arrived. Thank you for coming to meet me.
 Not at all. Did you have a good trip?
 Yes, thank you.

At the office
Richard Slater is expecting a visitor from the UK to Motor Car Inc.

M. Smurov: Good morning. Mr. Slater. Welcome to Motor Car. I am Mikhail Smurov,
a Director. How do you do?
R. Slater: How do you do? I'm pleased to meet you.
M. Smurov: Pleased to meet you too. Please call me Mikhail.
R. Slater: And you may call me Richard.
M. Smurov: I’d like you to meet Ivan Petrov, our Director General.
R. Slater: Glad to meet you, Mr Petrov.
I. Petrov: Glad to meet you too. Have you ever been to Moscow before?
R. Slater: No, it's my first visit to Moscow.
I. Petrov: What are your first impressions of Moscow?
R. Slater: I like Moscow, it's a very beautiful city and quite different from London.
I. Petrov: I hope you'll enjoy your visit.
M. Smurov: Let me introduce my staff to you. This is my secretary, Miss Shilova.
R. Slater: Nice to meet you, Miss Shilova.
A. Shilova: Nice to meet you too. Call me Ann.
M. Smurov: I also want you to meet Victor Volghin, our Sales Manager.

M. Smurov: Let’s get down to business, Richard. We are extending our business and want to
buy equipment for producing some goods in Russia. We know that some companies,
including yours, produce the sort of equipment we need. Your company provides advanced
technology and efficient services. That’s why we’re interested in your company. Also I would
like to know if it’s possible to adapt your equipment to our needs.
R. Slater: To answer your question, Mikhail, I have to visit your factory and study your
equipment.
M. Smurov: I’ll show you our factory tomorrow.

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2. Write out phrases which are used in the meeting situations and are needed to
maintain a conversation.

3. Role Play.
Student A
You are a manager in an industrial enterprise. You have to meet a foreign colleague at the
airport (introduce yourself, ask about flight) and bring him to your office. You should
introduce him to your colleagues at the office and explain the purpose of cooperation.
Student B
You are a foreign manager. You have a business trip to Russia. You have an intention to
make a contract with one of the industrial enterprises. You will be met at the airport and
brought to the office. You should maintain a conversation and ask questions related to further
cooperation.

1.2. Business Ethics

1. Read and translate the text.

Business Ethics

Ethics is the system of moral principles, rules of conduct, and morality of choices that
individuals make. Business ethics is the application of moral standards to business situations.
Business ethics has become a matter of public concern.
All business people face ethical issues daily, and they stem from a variety of sources.
Although some types of issues arise infrequently, others occur regularly. Let's take a closer
look at several ethical issues.
Fairness and Honesty. Fairness and honesty in business are two important ethical concerns.
Besides obeying all laws and regulations, business people should refrain from deceiving,
misrepresenting, or intimidating others.
Organizational Relationships. A business person may be tempted to place his or her personal
welfare above the welfare of the organization. Relationships with customers and coworkers
often create ethical problems – since confidential information should be secret and all
obligations should be honoured. Unethical behaviour in these areas includes not meeting one's
obligations in a mutual agreement, and pressuring others to behave unethically.
Communications. Business communications, especially advertising, can present ethical
questions. False and misleading advertising is illegal and unethical, and it can infuriate
customers.
Relationships. Business ethics involves relationships between a firm and its investors,
customers, employees, creditors, and competitors. Each group has specific concerns, and each
exerts some type of pressure on management.
Investors want management to make financial decisions that will boost sales, profits, and
returns on their investments. Customers expect a firm's products to be safe, reliable, and
reasonably priced. Employees want to be treated fairly in hiring, promotion, and
compensation. Creditors require bills to be paid in time and the accounting information
furnished by the firm to be accurate. Competitors expect the firm's marketing activities to
portray its products truthfully.
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Business ethics. Although there are exceptions, it is relatively easy for management to
respond in an ethical manner when business is good and profit is high. However, concern for
ethics can dwindle under the pressure of low or declining profit. In such circumstances,
ethical behaviour may be compromised.
2. Give the definition of Business ethics
3. Set up principles of successful business.

4. Read about the three real cases and complete the table.

For the Case Plaintiff Defendant Reason
Case 1 Tahir Hussain
Case 2 Age
Case 3 Sun Valley Foods

Case 1
When Tahir Hussain, an Asian man, applied for a job with a motor firm, his application was
turned down. However, when he invented a fictitious СV for a white Englishwoman called
Catherine Riley to accompany an application for the same job, he was called for an interview.
He claimed the car dealer was guilty of both sex and race discrimination.
The solicitor representing the car company said that Mr Hussain's application had been
refused because it appeared arrogant and over-sold himself. The CV from the imaginary
Catherine Riley was more factual.
So far Mr Hussain's search for work has led to six industrial tribunals.
Case 2
Mrs Gweneth Niman wants to take the charity Age Concern to court because she was old to
retire when she turned 70. She earned £280 a month selling insurance. Mrs Niman is so angry
that she is prepared to go all the way to the European Court of Human Justice.
Age Concern, which campaigns against ageism, said that she could continue her job on
a voluntary basis. The charity says that all staff know that 70 is the maximum retirement age.
Case 3
A man was refused a job at a chicken factory because he was too tall. Sun Valley Foods
rejected him for factory work. Barry Seale, who is 1.88m, claims sex discrimination because
men are generally taller than women. The firm says it operated a 'heightist' policy because it
was afraid that tall workers would suffer back and neck injury.

5. Discuss in groups. Who is right in these cases / who is wrong? Why?

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1.3. Correspondence

1.3.1. Business Correspondence

1. Have a look at Business Letter Structure

(1) Адрес отправителя
(4) Адресат (Имя, фамилия/Название (2) Номер письма
организации) (3) Дата
(5) Адрес
(6) Обращение
(7) Заголовок к тексту
(8)Основной текст письма
(9) Завершение письма (9) Завершение письма
(10) Подпись (10) Подпись
(11) Приложение
(12) Постскриптум

2. Read and translate the Inquiry Letter.

New System Corporation
12 Myasnitskaya St.
Moscow 614000
Russia
25th February, 2013
Equipment Corporation
180 London Road
Exeter EX4 4JY
England
Dear Sir,
We read your advertisement in the 'Mechanical Engineering Magazine' of 25th December. We
are interested in buying your equipment for producing machines. Would you kindly send us
more information about this equipment:
— price
— dates of delivery
— terms of payment
— guarantees
— if the price includes the cost of equipment installation and staff training.
Our company specializes in producing machines in Russia. We have 5 subsidiaries in some
different regions and would like to start producing new kinds of machines. If your equipment
meets our requirements, and we receive a favourable offer, we will be able to place a large
order for your equipment.
Your early reply would be appreciated.

Yours faithfully,
V. Ivanov

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3. What is the main idea of each paragraph?
4. Write out the inquiry letter clichés.

5. Read and translate the Reply letter.

Via di Pietra Papa
14 Marconi St.
Rome 00146
Italy
21 February 2013
Mr. L. Crane, Chief Buyer
B. Cottwold&Co. Ltd.
Nesson House
Newell Street
Birmingham B3 3EL
UNITED KINGDOM

Dear Mr. Crane,
We are pleased to receive your enquiry, and to hear that you liked our range of sweaters.
There would certainly be no trouble in supplying you from our wide selection of garments
which we make for all age groups. We can offer the quantity discount you asked for which
would be 5% off net prices for orders over $2,000, but the usual allowance for a trade discount
in Italy is 15%.
Enclosed you will find our summer catalogue and price-list quoting prices c.i.f. London.
We are sure you will find a ready sale for our products in England as have other retailers
throughout Europe and America, and we do hope we can reach an agreement on the terms
quoted.
Thank you for your interest. We look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
(signature)
D. Causio
Encl.

6. What is the main idea of each paragraph?
7. Write out the reply letter clichés.
8. Write inquiry and reply letters. Use the letters above as a sample.

Inquiry Letter Clichés

With regard to your advertisementin... of...,we would ask you – В связи с публикацией
Вашей рекламы в... от... мы хотели бы попросить Вас...
We have heard of your products from... – Мы узнали о продукции Вашей компании из…
We are interested in buying (importing, etc.)... – Мы хотели бы купить (импортировать
и т. п.)...
Please inform us (let us know) as soon as possible... – Просим сообщить нам как можно
скорее...
We would like to have further details about... – Мы бы хотели получить более
подробную информацию о...

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We are distributors (importers, retailers, etc.) of... – Мы являемся дистрибьюторами
(импортерами, продавцами и т.п.)...
We would like to get in touch with manufacturers (suppliersetc.) of... – Мы бы хотели
установить контакт с производителями (поставщиками и т. п.)...
If your prices are competitive (the samples meet the standards,) equipment complies with
our requirements, etc.) we may be able to you have regular orders. – Если Ваши цены
устроят нас (образцы будут удовлетворять требованиям стандартов, Ваше
оборудование будет удовлетворять нашим требованиям и т. п.), мы регулярно будем
заказывать Вашу продукцию.

Reply Letter Clichés

Thank you for your enquiry of 8 April 2013 in which you asked …– благодарим Вас за
запрос от 8 Апреля 2013, в котором Вы интересуетесь…
I would like to thank you for your inquiry of May 20 and am pleased to tell you that we would
be able to supply you with – Я хотел бы поблагодарить Вас за запрос от 20 мая. Мне
приятно сообщить Вам, что мы смогли бы поставить Вам…
I am pleased to say that we will be able to deliver … – Мне приятно сообщить, что мы
сможем поставить…
We can assure you that Omega 2010 is one of the most outstanding machines on the market
today…– Мы можем заверить Вас в том, что «Омега 2010» в настоящее время является
одной из лучших машин на рынке.
The model has now been improved, its steel casing having been replaced by plastic which is
lighter, more durable and stronger…– Данная модель сейчас усовершенствована: ее
стальной каркас заменен на пластмассовый, который является более легким, прочным и
надежным.
Once again we would like to thank you for writing to us and would welcome any further
points you would like us to answer. – Еще раз благодарим Вас за письмо и будем рады
ответить на любой вопрос.

Abbreviation in Business Correspondence

А/С, а/с, асс. (account current) – текущий счёт
adsd (addressed) – адресовано
adse (addressee) – адресат, получатель
ad (advertisement) – рекламное объявление (мн. число – ads)
арр. (appendix) – приложение
Attn, (attention) – вниманию (кого-либо)
CEO (chief executive officer) – исполнительный директор
cf. (confer) – сравните
Co. (company) – компания
contr. (contract) – контракт
Corp. (corporation) – корпорация
cur. 1. (currency) – валюта; 2. (current) – текущий
dd 1.(dated) – датированный; 2.(delivered) – доставленный
Dep., Dept. (department) – 1. – отдел; 2. – министерство
doc. (document) – документы (мн. число – docs.)
enc., encl. (enclosed, enclosure) – вложенный, прилагаемый,
h.a. (hocanno, лат.) – в текущем году
hf. (half) – половина
H.Q., HQ, h.q. (headquaters) – главное управление (компании, организации)
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id. (idem, лат.) – тот же
i.e. (idest, лат.) – то есть
inc., incl.(including) – включая
info (information) – информация
inv. (invoice) – счет-фактура
LLC (limited liability company) – компания с ограниченной ответственностью
Ltd., ltd. (limited) – с ограниченной ответственностью
LOC (letter of commitment) – гарантийное письмо
M.O., m.о. 1. (mail order) – почтовый перевод; 2. (money order) – денежный перевод,
платежное поручение
N.B., NB (nota bene, лат.) – важное замечание
NC, N.C., n/c (по charge) – бесплатно
о/l (our letter) – (ссылаясь на) наше письмо
PA (power of attorney) – доверенность
р.а. (per annum, лат.) – в год
par. (paragraph) – абзац, параграф, пункт
Pic, PLC (public limited company) – открытая акционерная компания с ограниченной
ответственностью
R&D (research and development) – научно-исследовательские и опытно-
конструкторские работы (НИОКР)
ret (receipt) – расписка, квитанция
rept.(report) – отчет
re (regarding) – относительно
sig. (signature) – подпись
urgt (urgent) – срочный
VAT (value-added tax) – НДС
v.s. (vide supra, лат.) – см. выше

E-Mails

1. Read the following e-mails and answer the questions.
1. When should we use e-mails?
2. Are there any differences between these two letters? What are they?

E-Mail 1
To: Department Managers
From: C. Jarrett
Subject: Budget Meetings

We will be meeting to plan the capital budgets for the coming year.
I expect it will take three to four meetings for us to get the numbers on the table and then
work it all out to the final projections.
The first meeting will be held on November 2nd at 10 a.m. in the conference room. We will
set the remaining meeting dates / times during this first one. Bring your department’s budget
projections and be prepared to explain how your department will contribute to the company’s
cost-cutting drive.
Thanks,
Carl

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