CONVERSIONS BETWEEN U.S.CUSTOMARY UNITS AND SI UNITS (Continued) Times conversion factor U.S. Customary unit Equals SI unit Accurate Practical Moment of inertia (area) inch to fourth power in.4 416,231 416,000 millimeter to fourth power mm4 inch to fourth power in.4 0.416231 10 6 0.416 10 6 meter to fourth power m4 Moment of inertia (mass) slug foot squared slug-ft2 1.35582 1.36 kilogram meter squared kg·m2 Power foot-pound per second ft-lb/s 1.35582 1.36 watt (J/s or N·m/s) W foot-pound per minute ft-lb/min 0.0225970 0.0226 watt W horsepower (550 ft-lb/s) hp 745.701 746 watt W Pressure; stress pound per square foot psf 47.8803 47.9 pascal (N/m2) Pa pound per square inch psi 6894.76 6890 pascal Pa kip per square foot ksf 47.8803 47.9 kilopascal kPa kip per square inch ksi 6.89476 6.89 megapascal MPa Section modulus inch to third power in.3 16,387.1 16,400 millimeter to third power mm3 inch to third power in.3 16.3871 10 6 16.4 10 6 meter to third power m3 Velocity (linear) foot per second ft/s 0.3048* 0.305 meter per second m/s inch per second in./s 0.0254* 0.0254 meter per second m/s mile per hour mph 0.44704* 0.447 meter per second m/s mile per hour mph 1.609344* 1.61 kilometer per hour km/h Volume cubic foot ft3 0.0283168 0.0283 cubic meter m3 cubic inch in.3 16.3871 10 6 16.4 10 6 cubic meter m3 cubic inch in.3 16.3871 16.4 cubic centimeter (cc) cm3 gallon (231 in.3) gal. 3.78541 3.79 liter L gallon (231 in.3) gal. 0.00378541 0.00379 cubic meter m3 *An asterisk denotes an exactconversion factor Note:To convert from SI units to USCS units, divideby the conversion factor 5 Temperature Conversion Formulas T(°C) [T(°F) 32] T(K) 273.15 9 5 T(K) [T(°F) 32] 273.15 T(°C) 273.15 9 9 9 T(°F) T(°C) 32 T(K) 459.67 5 5 This page intentionally left blank Engineering Mechanics Statics Third Edition, SI Andrew Pytel The Pennsylvania State University Jaan Kiusalaas The Pennsylvania State University SI Edition prepared by Ishan Sharma Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Australia·Brazil·Japan·Korea·Mexico·Singapore·Spain·UnitedKingdom·UnitedStates EngineeringMechanics: ©2010,1999CengageLearning Statics,ThirdEdition,SI ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyright AndrewPytelandJaanKiusalaas hereinmaybereproduced,transmitted,storedorusedinanyformorby SIEditionpreparedbyIshanSharma anymeans—graphic,electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnotlimited tophotocopying,recording,scanning,digitizing,taping,Webdistribution, Publisher,GlobalEngineering: informationnetworks,informationstorageandretrievalsystems,orin ChristopherM.Shortt anyothermanner—exceptasmanybepermittedbythelicenseterms SeniorDevelopmentalEditor: herein. 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PhotoPermissionsResearcher: KristiinaBowering ImagePermissionManager: DonSchlotman SeniorFirstPrintBuyer: DougWilke PrintedinCanada 1234567 1312111009 To Jean, Leslie, Lori, John, Nicholas and To Judy, Nicholas, Jennifer, Timothy This page intentionally left blank Contents PrefacetotheSIEdition x Preface xi Chapter1 IntroductiontoStatics 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 NewtonianMechanics 3 1.3 FundamentalPropertiesofVectors 10 1.4 Representation of Vectors Using Rectangular Components 18 1.5 VectorMultiplication 27 Chapter2 BasicOperationswithForceSystems 37 2.1 Introduction 37 2.2 EquivalenceofVectors 37 2.3 Force 38 2.4 ReductionofConcurrentForceSystems 39 2.5 MomentofaForceaboutaPoint 49 2.6 MomentofaForceaboutanAxis 60 2.7 Couples 73 2.8 ChangingtheLineofActionofaForce 86 Chapter3 ResultantsofForceSystems 97 3.1 Introduction 97 3.2 ReductionofaForceSystemtoaForceandaCouple 97 3.3 DefinitionofResultant 105 3.4 ResultantsofCoplanarForceSystems 106 3.5 ResultantsofThree-DimensionalSystems 116 3.6 IntroductiontoDistributedNormalLoads 128 Chapter4 CoplanarEquilibriumAnalysis 143 4.1 Introduction 143 4.2 DefinitionofEquilibrium 144 PartA:AnalysisofSingleBodies 144 4.3 Free-BodyDiagramofaBody 144 4.4 CoplanarEquilibriumEquations 153 vii