Engineering and Health in Compressed Air Work: Proceedings of the International Conference, Oxford, September 1992 PDF
Preview Engineering and Health in Compressed Air Work: Proceedings of the International Conference, Oxford, September 1992
Engineering and Health in Compressed Air Work RELATED BOOKS FROM E & FN SPON Buried Structures: Static and Dynamic Strength P.S. Bulson Engineering the Channel Tunnel Edited by e. Kirkland High Altitude Medicine and Physiology M.P. Ward, J.S. Milledge and J.B. West The Human Side of Safety E. McKenna and I. Glendon Pile Design and Construction Practice M.R Tomlinson Pipejacking and Microtunnelling J.e. Thomson Risk Analysis for Process Plant, Pipelines and Transport Edited by J.R Taylor Safety Analysis: Principles and Practice in Occupational Safety L. Harms-Ringdahl Soil-Structure Interaction: Numerical Analysis and Modelling Edited by J.W. Bull The Stability of Slopes E.N. Bromhead Tunnelling '94 The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Tunnelling: Design, Stability and Construction B.N. Whittaker and Re. Firth Underground Excavations in Rock E. Hoek and E.T. Brown Underwater Inspection M.R Bayliss, D. Short and M. Bax For details of these and other titles, contact the Promotions Department, E & FN Spon, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SEl 8HN, UK Tel: 071-865 0066 Engineering and Health in CODlpressed Air Work Proceedings of the International Conference, Oxford, September 1992 Edited by EM. Jardine and R.1. McCallum rt$l ~~a?Dra~~s~~!p LONDON AND NEW YORK Published By Spon Press First edition 1994 Transferred to Digital Printing 2005 © 1994 Construction Industry Research and Information Association ISBN 041918460 0 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in the book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Contents Preface xi Acknowledgements xv The conference sponsors XVll Opening address 1 Viscount Ullswater PART ONE KEYNOTE LECTURES 1 An engineer's perspective on legislative changes 7 J. M. Anderson Discussion following Mr Anderson's lecture 14 2 Bone necrosis 16 D.N. Walder 3 Decompression illness 29 D.H. Elliott PART TWO CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS 4 Controlled caisson sinking - design and performance on 41 Contract 4 of the Greater Cairo Wastewater Project J.L. Vincett and F.N. Rowley 5 The use of compressed air at Lake Lothing, Lowestoft 61 J.G. Campbell, D.R. Gutteridge and A.P. Smith Discussion on Session 1: Construction Projects - I 73 6 Compressed air tunnelling for the Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway 75 J.G. Campbell and D.R. Gutteridge 7 Use of compressed air for shaft sinking and tunnelling on Contracts 91 3, 12 and 12/5A of the Greater Cairo Wastewater Project, Egypt D.J. Court 8 Oakwood Beach Interceptor Sewer: a compressed air tunnel case 118 history c.c. R.J. Angarola, S.K. Jain and Chang Discussion on Session 2: Construction Projects - II 133 vi Contents PART THREE BONE NECROSIS 9 A preliminary survey of quantitative risk factors for bone necrosis 139 in British compressed-air workers A. Evans 10 The role of intramedullary pressure in hyperbaric osteonecrosis 148 E.H. Lanphier, C.E. Lehner and S.E. Lemos 11 Optimum schedules for caisson decompression 156 E.P. Kindwall 12 Early pathogenesis of hyperbaric osteonecrosis 172 C.E. Lehner, T.F. Lin, E.H. Lanphier, M.A. Wilson, R Dueland and P.R Dubielzig 13 Report of seventeen cases with delayed occurrence of dysbaric 188 osteonecrosis L.-D. Zhang, J.-F. Kang and H. Zhang Discussion on Session 3: Bone Necrosis 193 PART FOUR ENGINEERING DESIGN 14 Compressed air tunnelling between Somerset Station and Newton 199 Station, Singapore A.R Gaba and D.B. Parkes 15 Estimation of compressed air losses 224 RS. Hoad and G.P. Gittoes 16 Tunnelling in compressed air - necessity or option? 245 G.B. Shutter 17 Modelling compressed air losses from a tunnel in sand 250 C.P.M. Snee 18 Developments in low-pressure compressed air equipment 261 (Abstract only) R.T. Slocombe Discussion on Session 4: Engineering Design 262 PART FIVE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 265 19 Medical aspects of compressed air tunnelling - the Singapore 267 experience J. How, A. Vijayan and T.M. Wong Contents vii 20 Thermal stress in compressed air work 294 K.c. Parsons 21 Oxygen decompression for tunnel workers in Brazil-the Sao 313 Paulo Subway construction experience I.J. Ribeiro 22 Decompression in tunnel construction using the Hydroshield 319 process M. Ruegger, A.A. Btihlmann and E. WHIm 23 The effect of pressure on portable gas monitoring equipment 328 used in tunnelling operations D.W. Dabill and P.T. Walsh Discussion on Session 5: Occupational Health and Safety 344 PART SIX DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS 24 Statistical investigation of working pressure and Des for 349 compressed-air workers Y. Mano, M. Shibayama, N. Yamami, T. Nakayama and M. Kawashima 25 Analysis of decompression sickness and bubble appearance rates 360 on a caisson project - effects of working shift pattern and post decompression oxygen breathing I. Nashimoto, Y. Gotoh, K. Kobayashi, M. Nodera, R. Araki and F. Eda 26 Review of the neuropathological effects of decompression sickness 366 in animals and man A.c. Palmer 27 A descriptive approach to the decompression illnesses 381 J.J.w. Sykes, D.J. Smith and T.J.R. Francis Discussion on Session 6: Decompression Illness 385 PART SEVEN DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 28 The technique of decanting in compressed air work 389 M.J. Catton viii Contents 29 Observations of decompression sickness and effects of working 408 conditions in two caissons in Bremen K.H. Mannche, K.H. Dreyer and D. Peusch-Dreyer 30 Memory and personality of caisson workers with a history of 413 decompression illness J. Leach, J.D. King, P.E. Morris and J. Rawlins 31 Blood changes associated with decompression and their possible 423 clinical significance R.B. Philp Discussion on Session 7: Decompression Illness and Clinical 436 Practice PART EIGHT CODES AND REGULATIONS 32 CEN standardisation - air locks for tunnelling work safety 445 requirements M. Bandmann 33 Are the German regulations for compressed air work safe? 450 I. Holthaus 34 Some medico-legal aspects of modern work in compressed air 456 EB. Wright and L. Marks Discussion on Session 8: Codes and Regulations 479 35 French regulations 1992 for hyperbaric works 483 J.C. Le Pechon and J.L. Pasquier 36 Comparison and prediction of decompression sickness rates 493 EM. Jardine PART NINE DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGIES 37 Decompression options for tunnel work at more than 3 bars 509 (gauge) pressure R.w. Hamilton, J. Vollbrandt, M. Heineke and G. Luther 38 Remotely controlled caisson method and its maintenance 519 T. Hirata, K. Takano, Y. Gotoh, I. Nashimoto and W. Sterk 39 Oxygen decompression in tunnelling 529 J.C. Le Pechon Contents ix 40 Procedures for safe working at high pressures in a TBM chamber 539 using special breathing gas mixtures G. Luther, R.W. Hamilton, M. Heineke, G.A. Nietsch and J. Vollbrandt 41 Unmanned excavation systems in pneumatic caissons 551 S. Shiraishi 42 Application of deep-sea diving technology to pneumatic works in 562 very deep caissons S. Oda, J. Takeuchi, M. Ishii and Y. Mano Discussion on Session 9: Developing Technologies 578 PART TEN CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE 43 Discussion Session: Challenges for the Future 585 Conference Chairman's closing remarks 596 I.H. Elliott APPENDICES Appendix A: Conference glossary of engineering, diving and 601 medical terms, abbreviations and units of pressures (compiled by F.M. Jardine) Appendix B: List of delegates 634 Author Index 637 Subject Index 639
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