Engineering

66 Pages·2017·18.248 MB·English

Engineering
Emily Hunt
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Contents
Senior editors Lizzie Davey, Garima Sharma
US Senior editor Shannon Beatty
4 What is an engineer?
US Editor Jill Hamilton
Senior art editor Katie Knutton
Project editor Satu Fox 6 First engineers
Project art editor Nidhi Mehra
Editor Radhika Haswani
8 Genius inventor
Art editor Radhika Banerjee
Editorial assistants Sarah Foakes, Megan Weal
Design assistant Ala Uddin 10 Problem solving
Managing editor Laura Gilbert
Deputy managing editor Vineetha Mokkil
12 Materials
Managing art editors Diane Peyton Jones,
Neha Ahuja Chowdhry
Picture researcher Sakshi Saluja 14 Machines
Pre-production producer Nadine King
Producer Isabell Schart 16 Cars
Art director Martin Wilson
Publisher Sarah Larter
Publishing director Sophie Mitchell 18 Power
Educational consultant Jacqueline Harris
First American edition, 2017 20 Robots
Published in the United States by
DK Publishing, 345 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014
Copyright © 2017 Dorling Kindersley Limited 22 Incredible engineers
A Division of Penguin Random House LLC
17 18 19 20 21 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
001–299032–July/2017
24 Extreme machines
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved
above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or
introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any
means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise),
without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited.
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ne
ISBN: 978-1-4654-6234-3 cra
n
Printed and bound in China ma
All images © Dorling Kindersley Limited o
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For further information see: www.dkimages.com
DK books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk for sales
promotions, premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. For details, contact:
DK Publishing Special Markets, 345 Hudson Street,
New York, New York 10014 or [email protected]
A WORLD OF IDEAS:
SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW
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26 Roller coasters 48 Building bridges
28 Flying machines 50 Meet the expert
30 The Wright brothers 52 Bioengineering
32 Jet engines 54 Going green
34 Nanotechnology 56 Future engineering
36 Space engineers 58 Engineering facts and figures
38 Mix it up! 60 Glossary
40 Building our world 62 Index
42 Underground 64 Acknowledgments
44 Eiffel Tower
46 Skyscrapers
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What is an
! WO
W!
engineer? Engineers
designed and built
the Pyramids, the
An engineer is a problem solver. Engineers
airplane, and
use math and science to build things—from
the iPad.
the tiniest particles to the tallest buildings.
They invent new technologies, and make
existing technologies even better.
New ideas
Engineers come up with ideas
for new inventions, and make
existing designs better. Your
idea could lead to a medical
device that helps cure an illness,
a spacecraft that carries humans
to Mars, a new clean power
source, or an earthquake.
Testing the design of an Olympic
bicycle in a wind tunnel
Creative approaches
Being an engineer means coming up
with solutions to difficult problems.
Having studied math and science,
engineers use their knowledge to design
new systems and products that could
change lives, from earthquake-proof
Engineer working on an airplane engine buildings to cures for deadly diseases.
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WO
W! Engineers
everywhere
Engineering is an exciting
job if you love adventure.
An engineer might create a
new design on a computer
and then get to travel to all
sorts of places to help it be
built and tested. Engineers
work on giant jet engines,
at the very top of wind
turbines, under the ocean,
and even in space!
An engineer at work on the
International Space Station
Around the world
Engineers work in every country on
the planet. While the building
materials, landscapes, and problems
that they face may be different,
engineers use the same creativity
and problem-solving methods
wherever they work.
Testing an undersea power
cable on the beach in Zanzibar
How do I become
an engineer?
While you are at school, you’ll learn a lot of
the math and science you need. Later, you
can go to college and study engineering.
Most importantly, keep dreaming of
new ways of solving problems!
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First
! WO
W!
engineers
The first
cities were
Ancient engineers had only simple tools to built around
work with, but they built some of the 4000 bce.
world’s most famous buildings, from the
Pyramids in Egypt to the Parthenon in
Greece. Some simple machines invented in
ancient times include the lever, the crane,
and the first clocks.
Ancient clock
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Heavy loads
of stone were
attached to
the hook.
6
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WOW! Useful levers
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in China around 220 bce.
Wheeled
chariot
The wheel was invented
around 3500 bce. At first, wheels
were heavy and only used on
slow-moving carts. By 1600 bce, the
Ancient Egyptians had invented fast
chariots that could be pulled into
battle by horses. One soldier drove the Using spokes instead
chariot and another one fired arrows. of solid wood made
wheels lighter.

Water lifter
The handle was
The Archimedean screw is an turned by a person
on the riverbank.
Ancient Egyptian invention
for lifting water. A wooden
spiral is built inside a tube,
with one end in the water.
When the handle is turned,
the water is trapped in the
spiral and lifted to the top.
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Interview with Leonardo da Vinci
Genius inventor
FACT FILE
»
Name: Leonardo da Vinci
»
Leonardo da Vinci is best known as the artist Dates: 1452–1519
»
Location: Vinci, Italy
who painted the Mona Lisa but he was also a
»
Fun fact: Da Vinci loved
self-taught engineer. He was fascinated by how
all animals. He bought
caged birds so that he
everything worked—from the human body to
could set them free.
military machines. Here, we imagine what an
interview with da Vinci might have been like.
Q: How old were you when you
became an engineer?
A: I didn’t get an engineering job until I
was 30 years old. After that, I worked as
a military engineer for 17 years
in the city of Milan, Italy.
Q: How did you get your first
job as an engineer?
A: In the 1480s, the people of Milan
needed help because they were at war
with the city of Venice. I wrote to
Duke Sforza telling him about my
military inventions, such as a huge
cannon. He loved my ideas!
Q: Why were you interested in
engineering when you were already
an artist?
A: It’s as much fun to design amazing
machines as it is to paint people and
landscapes. I can use my drawing and
designing skills to design my engineering
projects. Also, engineers are paid a lot more
than artists in the 15th century!
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