Enfermedades Infecciosas Principios Y Practica opt

4968 Pages·2017·222.369 MB·Spanish

by  Varios

Mandell, Douglas y Bennett
EN FERM ED AD ES
IN FECCIO SA S
Principios y práctica
Octava edición
JOHN E. BENNETT, MD, MACP
Adjunct Professor of Medicine
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine
Bethesda, Maryland
RAPHAEL DOLIN, MD
Maxwell Finland Professor of Medicine (Microbiology and Molecular Genetics)
Harvard Medical School;
Attending Physician
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center;
Brigham and Womens Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
MARTIN J. BLASER, MD
Muriel G. and George W. Singer Professor of Translational Medicine
Professor of Microbiology
Director, Human Microbiome Program
Departments of Medicine and Microbiology
New York University School of Medicine
Langone Medical Center
New York, New York
Ámsterdam Barcelona Beijing Boston Filadelfia Londres Madrid
México Milán Munich Orlando París Roma Sídney Tokio Toronto ELSEVIER
ELSEVIER
Edición en español de la octava edición de la obra original en inglés
Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principies and Practice oflnfectious Diseases
This edition of Mandell, Douglas, and Bennetts Principies and Practice oflnfectious Diseases by John E. Bennett, Raphael Dolin and
Martin J. Blaser is published by arrangement with Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2015 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2010, 2005, 2000, 1995, 1990, 1985, 1979 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Los siguientes capítulos son de dominio público:
• Toxoinfecciones alimentarias, de Rajal K. Mody y Patricia M. Griffin
• Inmunología de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, de Susan Moir, Mark Connors y Anthony S. Fauci
• Introducción a ios Herpesviridae, de Jeffrey I. Cohén
• Virus herpes humanos de tipos 6y 7 (exantema súbito), de Jeffrey I. Cohén
• Virus del herpes B, de Jeffrey I. Cohén
• Especies de Yersinia (incluyendo Y. pestisj, de Paul S. Mead
• Género Trypanosoma (tripanosomiasis americana, enfermedad de Chagas): biología de ios tripanosomas, de Louis V. Kirchhoff
• Agentes de la tripanosomiasis africana (enfermedad del sueño), de Louis V. Kirchhoff
• Larva migratoria visceral y otras infestaciones infrecuentes por helmintos, de Theodore E. Nash
• Infecciones causadas por dispositivos intravascuiares percutáneos, de Susan E. Beekmann y David K. Henderson
• Infecciones transmitidas en transfusiones y trasplantes, de Matthew J. Kuehnert y Sridhar V. Basavaraju
• Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en el ámbito sanitario, de David K. Henderson
© 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U.
Avda. Josep Tarradellas, 20-30, l.° - 08029 Barcelona, España
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ISBN edición original: 978-1-4557-4801-3
ISBN edición española, obra completa (versión impresa): 978-84-9022-917-0
ISBN edición española, volumen 1: 978-84-9022-915-6
ISBN edición española, volumen 2: 978-84-9022-916-3
ISBN edición española (versión electrónica): 978-84-9022-910-1
Depósito legal (versión impresa): B. 19.433 - 2015
Depósito legal (versión electrónica): B. 19.434 - 2015
Servicios editoriales: DRK Edición
Impreso en España
Imagen de cubierta: micrografía electrónica de barrido de Staphylococcus aureus adherido a la superficie de un neutrófilo humano
(Figura 8-5 de “Granulocytic Phagocytes,” de Frank R. DeLeo y William M. Nauseef.)
Advertencia
La medicina es un área en constante evolución. Aunque deben seguirse unas precauciones de seguridad estándar, a medida que
aumenten nuestros conocimientos gracias a la investigación básica y clínica habrá que introducir cambios en los tratamientos
y en los fármacos. En consecuencia, se recomienda a los lectores que analicen los últimos datos aportados por los fabricantes
sobre cada fármaco para comprobar la dosis recomendada, la vía y duración de la administración y las contraindicaciones. Es
responsabilidad ineludible del médico determinar la dosis y el tratamiento más indicado para cada paciente en función de su
experiencia y del conocimiento de cada caso concreto. Ni los editores ni los directores asumen responsabilidad alguna por los
daños que pudieran generarse a personas o propiedades como consecuencia del contenido de esta obra.
El editor
Revisores de la edición española
Carlos Barros Aguado Pedro del Río Martínez
Especialista en Medicina Interna. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
del Hospital de Móstoles de Madrid
Carmen Rodríguez-Avial
José Antonio de Diego Cabrera Profesora Titular de Microbiología. Facultad de Medicina de la
Profesor Titular de Parasitología. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Universidad Complutense de Madrid
y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid Juan Pedro Romanyk Cabrera
Especialista en Microbiología Clínica y Parasitología. Hospital Universi­
Jesús Diez Sebastián tario príncipe de Asturias. Profesor Asociado. Universidad Alcalá de
Especialista en Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Médico Adjunto Henares. Profesor Colaborador Master Propio en Medicina Tropical.
del Servicio de Medicina Preventiva del Hospital La Paz de Madrid. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Profesor Asociado de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Cristina Sarriá Cepeda
Fernando Dronda Núñez Especialista en Medicina Interna. Médico Adjunto del Departamento
Especialista en Microbiología Clínica y Parasitología. Médico Adjunto Medicina Interna-Infecciosas del Hospital Universitario La Princesa
del Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas del Hospital Ramón y Cajal de Madrid
de Madrid
José Ramón Toral Revuelta
Juan García Caballero Especialista en Medicina Interna. Jefe del Servicio de Enfermedades
Profesor Titular de Microbiología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Infecciosas del Hospital Gómez Ulla de Madrid
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Jefe del Servicio de Medicina
Preventiva del Hospital Universitario La Paz de Madrid Jorge Vergas García
Especialista en Medicina Interna. Médico Adjunto de la Unidad de VIH/
Juan Carlos Hurtado Negreiros Enfermedades Infecciosas del Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid
Médico Especialista en Microbiología y Parasitología. Servicio de Micro­
biología del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
Luz Martín Carbonero
Especialista en Medicina Interna. Médico Adjunto del Servicio de
Enfermedades Infecciosas del Hospital Carlos III de Madrid
III
Colaboradores
Kjersti Aagaard, MD, PhD Michael FI. Augenbraun, MD
Asocíate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, Nueva York
Texas Lesiones cutáneas y mucosas genitales; Uretritis; Vulvovaginitis
El microbioma humano de localizaciones corporales específicas y cervicitis
y sus características biológicas únicas
Francisco Averhoff, MD, MPFI
Fredrick M. Abrahamian, DO Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral
Professor of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and
Angeles, California; Director of Education, Department of Emergency Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California Virus de la hepatitis A
Mordeduras
Dimitri T. Azar, MD, MBA
Ban Mishu Alios, MD Dean and B.A. Field Chair of Ophthalmologic Research, Distinguished
Associate Professor, Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medici­ Professor of Ophthalmology, Pharmacology, and Bioengineering,
College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
ne, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of
Conjuntivitis microbiana; Queratitis microbiana
Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
Campylobacter jejuni y especies relacionadas
Larry M. Baddour, MD
David R. Andes, MD Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Consultant,
Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of
Endocarditis sobre válvula protésica; Infecciones de los dispositivos
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
cardiovasculares no valvulares
Cefalosporinas
Lindsey R. Baden, MD
Fred Y. Aoki, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associa­
Professor, Departments of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and
te Physician, Director of Clinical Research (Division of Infectious
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
Diseases), Director of Transplant Infectious Diseases, Brigham and
Manitoba, Canadá
Women’s Hospital; Director of Infectious Diseases, Dana-Farber
Antivirales frente a virus de la gripe y otras infecciones víricas
Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
respiratorias; Antivirales frente a virus herpes
Vacunas contra la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia
humana tipo 1
Michael A. Apicella, MD
Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carol J. Baker, MD
Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa Professor of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology, and Microbiology, Depart­
Neisseria meningitidis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrea)
ment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Section, Baylor College of
Medicine; Attending Physician, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston,
Kevin L. Ard, MD, MPH
Texas
Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Streptococcus agalactiae (estreptococo del grupo B)
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston,
Massachusetts Ronald C. Ballard, MSB, PhD
Manifestaciones pulmonares de la infección por el virus de la
Associate Director for Laboratory Science, Center for Global Health,
inmunodeficiencia humana
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanosis, granuloma inguinal)
Cesar A. Arias, MD, MSc, PhD
Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gerard R. Barber, RPh, MPH
Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Colorado Hospital,
Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceu­
Houston, Texas; Director, Molecular Genetics and Antimicrobial tical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado
Resistance Unit, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia Antibacterianos singulares
Glucopéptidos (vancomicina y teicoplanina), estreptograminas
(quinupristina-dalfopristina), lipopéptidos (daptomicina) y Scott D. Barnes, MD
lipoglucopéptidos (telavancina); Género Enterococcus, grupo
Chief, Warfighter Refractive Eye Surgery Clinic, Womack Army Medical
Streptococcus gallolyticus y género Leuconostoc
Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina
Conjuntivitis microbiana; Queratitis microbiana
David M. Aronoff, MD
Director, Division of Infectious Diseases; Addison Scoville Professor of Dan H. Barouch, MD, PhD
Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Center for
Center, Nashville, Tennessee Virology and Vaccine Research, Staff Physician, Beth Israel Deaconess
Metronidazol
Medical Center; Associate Physician, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
Vacunas contra la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia
humana tipo 1; Adenovirus
IV
V
Alan D. Barrett, PhD Elie F. Berbari, MD
Director, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Professor, Departments Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic,
of Pathology and Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Rochester, Minnesota
Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Osteomielitis Co
Flavivirus (dengue, fiebre amarilla, encefalitis japonesa, encefalitis la
b
del Nilo Occidental, encefalitis de San Luis, encefalitis transmitida Jonathan Berman, MD, PhD o
r
por garrapatas, enfermedad del bosque de Kyasanur, fiebre Vice President, Clinical Affairs, Fast-Track Drugs and Biologies, North ad
hemorrágica de Alkhurma, Zika) Potomac, Maryland or
e
Medicinas alternativas y complementarias en enfermedades s
Miriam Baron Barshak, MD infecciosas
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate
Physician, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Joseph S. Bertino, Jr., PharmD
Boston, Massachusetts Associate Professor of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Sur­
Infecciones pancreáticas geons, Columbia University, Nueva York, Nueva York; Principal,
Bertino Consulting, Schenectady, Nueva York
Sridhar V. Basavaraju, MD Farmacocinética y farmacodinámica de los fármacos antiinfecciosos;
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Tablas farmacológicas de los medicamentos antiinfecciosos
Infecciones transmitidas en transfusiones y trasplantes
Adarsh Bhimraj, MD
Byron E. Batteiger, MD Head, Section of Neurologic Infectious Diseases, Associate Program
Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, Division of Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Cleveland Clinic,
Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, India­ Cleveland, Ohio
napolis, Indiana Infecciones de las derivaciones y drenajes de líquido cefalo­
Chlamydia trachomatis (tracoma, infecciones genitales, infecciones rraquídeo
perinatales y linfogranuloma venéreo)
Holly H. Birdsall, MD, PhD
Stephen G. Baum, MD Deputy Chief Research and Development Officer, Office of Research
Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, Albert Einstein and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washing­
College of Medicine, Bronx, Nueva York ton, DC; Professor, Departments of Otolaryngology, Immunology,
Virus de la parotiditis and Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
Inmunidad adaptativa: anticuerpos e inmunodeficiencias
Arnold S. Bayer, MD
Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen Alan L. Bisno, MD
School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Associate Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller
Chief, Adult Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine; Staff Physician, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Senior Investigator, St. John’s Cardio­ Center, Miami, Florida
vascular Research Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Clasificación de los estreptococos; Secuelas postestreptocócicas
Torrance, California no supurativas: fiebre reumática y glomerulonefritis
Endocarditis e infecciones intravasculares
Brian G. Blackburn, MD
J. David Beckham, MD Clinical Associate Profesor, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic
Assistant Professor, Departments of Medicine, Neurology, and Micro­ Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine; Attending Physician,
biology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Director, Infectious Disease Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and
fellowship Training Program, Medical Director, Occupational Health, Geographic Medicine, Stanford Hospital and Clinics, Stanford, California
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado Amebas de vida libre
Encefalitis
Lucas S. Blanton, MD
Susan E. Beekmann, RN, MPH Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infec­
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa tious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
Infecciones causadas por dispositivos intravasculares per- Rickettsia rickettsii y otras rickettsias del grupo de las fiebres
cutáneos maculosas (fiebre maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas y otras
fiebres maculosas); Rickettsia prowazekii (tifus epidémico o
Beth P. Bell, MD, MPH transmitido por piojos); Rickettsia typhi (tifus murino)
Director, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disea­
ses, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Martin J. Blaser, MD
Amenazas infecciosas emergentes y reemergentes; Virus de la Muriel G. and George W. Singer Professor of Translational Medicine,
hepatitis A Professor of Microbiology, Director, Human Microbiome Program,
Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University
John E. Bennett, MD, MACP School of Medicine, Langone Medical Center, Nueva York, Nueva York
Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Introducción a las bacterias y a las enfermedades bacterianas;
Health Sciences, E Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Campylobacter jejuni y especies relacionadas; Helicobacter pylori
Maryland y otras especies gástricas de Helicobacter
Meningitis crónica; Introducción a las micosis
Thomas P. Bleck, MD
Dennis A. Bente, DVM, PhD Professor of Neurological Sciences, Neurosurgery, Medicine, and Anes­
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, thesiology, Rush Medical College; Associate Chief Medical Officer
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (Critical Care), Associate Vice President, Director, Laboratory of
Encefalitis de California, síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus y Electroencephalography and Evoked Potentials, Rush University
fiebres hemorrágicas producidas por bunyavirus Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
Rabia (rabdovirus); Tétanos (Clostridium tetani); Botulismo (Clos­
tridium botulinum)
Nicole M. A. Blijlevens, MD, PhD Barbara A. Brown-El I iott, MS, MT(ASCP)SM
Consultant and Lecturer, Department of Haematology, Radboud Uni­ Research Assistant Professor, Microbiology, Supervisor, Mycobacteria/
versity Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Países Bajos Nocardia Laboratory, University of Texas Health Science Center,
es Infecciones en huéspedes inmunocomprometidos: principios Tyler, Texas
r
o generales Infecciones causadas por micobacterias no tuberculosas diferentes
d
a a Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
r
o David A. Bobak, MD
b
ola Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Chair for Clinical Affairs, Roberta L. Bruhn, MS, PhD
C Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Staff Scientist, Department of Epidemiology, Blood Systems Research
Reserve University School of Medicine; Director, Traveler’s Health­ Institute, San Francisco, California
care Center, Chair, Health System Medication Safety and Therapeutics Virus linfotrópico T humano (HTLV)
Committee, Staff Physician, Transplant Infectious Diseases Clinic,
University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio Amy E. Bryant, PhD
Náuseas, vómitos y diarrea no inflamatoria Research Career Scientist, Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Boise, Idaho
William Bonnez, MD Streptococcus pyogenes
Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious
Diseases, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Eileen M. Burd, PhD
Rochester, Nueva York Associate Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,
Papilomavirus Emory University School of Medicine; Director, Clinical Microbio­
logy, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
John C. Boothroyd, MD Otros bacilos gramnegativos y gramvariables
Professor of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California Jane C. Burns, MD
Toxoplasma gondii Professor of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of
Medicine, La Jolla, California
Luciana L. Borio, MD Enfermedad de Kawasaki
Assistant Commissioner for Counterterrorism Policy, United States Food
and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland Larry M. Bush, MD
Bioterrorismo: visión general Affiliated Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Miami Miller
School of Medicine, JFK Medical Center, Palm Beach County, Flo­
Patrick J. Bosque, MD rida; Affiliated Professor of Medicine, Charles E. Schmidt School of
Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
Denver School of Medicine; Neurologist, Department of Medici­ Peritonitis y abscesos intraperitoneales
ne, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
Priones y enfermedades priónicas del sistema nervioso central Stephen B. Calderwood, MD
(enfermedades neurodegenerativas transmisibles) Morton N. Swartz, MD, Academy Professor of Medicine (Microbiology
and Immunobiology), Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical
John Bower, MD School; Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Rootstown, Ohio Síndromes de infección entérica
Crup en la infancia (laringotraqueobronquitis aguda); Bron-
quiolitis Luz Elena Cano, PhD
Head of Medical and Experimental Mycology Group, Corporación para
Robert W. Bradsher, Jr„ MD Investigaciones Biológicas; Titular Professor, Microbiology School,
Ebert Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Paracoccidioidomicosis
Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
Blastomicosis Charles C. J. Carpenter, MD
Professor of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown Uni­
Itzhak Brook, MD versity; Attending Physician, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miriam
Professor of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
Washington, DC Otros vibrios patogénicos
Tetraciclinas, glicilciclinas y cloranfenicol
Mary T. Caserta, MD
Kevin E. Brown, MD, MRCP Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and
Consultant Medical Virologist, Virus Reference Department, Public Dentistry, Rochester, Nueva York
Health England, Microbiology Services, Londres, Reino Unido Faringitis; Laringitis aguda
Parvovirus humanos, incluidos parvovirus B19 y bocaparvovirus
humanos Elio Castagnola, MD
Infectious Diseases Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Génova, Italia
Patricia D. Brown, MD Profilaxis y tratamiento empírico de las infecciones en los pacientes
Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of con cáncer
Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Cor­
porate Vice President of Quality and Patient Safety, Detroit Medical Richard E. Chaisson, MD
Center, Detroit, Michigan Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology, and International Health, Johns
Infecciones en adictos a drogas por via parenteral Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Manifestaciones clínicas generales de la infección por el virus de
la inmunodeficiencia humana (incluidos el síndrome retroviral
agudo y las enfermedades orales, cutáneas, renales, oculares,
metabólicas y cardíacas)
Vil
Henry F. Chambers, MD Lawrence Corey, MD
Professor of Medicine, Director, UCSF Infectious Diseases Fellowship Professor of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Training Program, University of California San Francisco; Chief, Washington School of Medicine; President and Director, Fred
C
Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco General Hospital, San Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington o
Francisco, California Virus del herpes simple la
b
Penicilinas e inhibidores de jí-lactamasas; Otros antibióticos o
r
jí-lactámicos Mackenzie L. Cottrell, PharmD, MS ad
o
Postdoctoral Fellow, Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental r
Stephen J. Chapman, DM Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of es
Consultant Physician and Senior Lecturer in Respiratory Medicine, North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, Reino Unido Farmacocinética y farmacodinàmica de los fármacos antiinfecciosos
Genética humana e infección
Timothy L. Cover, MD
James D. Chappell, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine, Professor of Pathology, Microbiology and
Associate Professor of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Veterans Affairs
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
Biología de los virus y enfermedades virales Helicobacter pylori y otras especies gástricas de Helicobacter
Lea Ann Chen, MD Heather L. Cox, PharmD
Instructor, Division of Gastroenterology, NYU Langone School of Medi­ Assistant Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department
cine, Nueva York, Nueva York of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine; Clinical
Prebióticos, probióticos y simbióticos Coordinator, Infectious Diseases, Department of Pharmacy Services,
University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
Sharon C-A. Chen, MBBS, PhD Linezolid y otras oxazolidinonas
Clinical Associate Professor, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine,
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Senior Staff Specialist, Centre William A. Craig, MD
for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, West- Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Infectious Disease Section, University of
mead, New South Wales, Australia Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
Especies de Nocardia Cefalosporinas
Anthony W. Chow, MD Kent B. Crossley, MD, MHA
Professor Emeritus, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infec­ Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical
tious Diseases, University of British Columbia; Honorary Consultant, School; Chief of Staff, Minneapolis Veterans Administration Health­
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Vancouver Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canadá Infecciones en el anciano
Infecciones de la cavidad oral, el cuello y la cabeza
Clyde S. Crumpacker II, MD
Rebecca A. Clark, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician,
Professor of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center; Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,
Lead Physician, HIV Outpatient Program, Interim LSU Public Hos­ Boston, Massachusetts
pital, New Orleans, Louisiana Citomegalovirus (CMV)
Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en la mujer
James W. Curran, MD, MPH
Jeffrey I. Cohen, MD Dean and Professor of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health,
Chief, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Emory University; Co-Director, Emory Center for AIDS Research,
Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Atlanta, Georgia
Introducción a los Herpesviridae; Virus herpes humanos de ti­ Epidemiología y prevención del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia
pos 6 y 7 (exantema súbito); Virus del herpes B adquirida y de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficien­
cia humana
Myron S. Cohen, MD
Yergin-Bates Eminent Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Bart J. Currie, MBBS, DTM&H
Epidemiology, Director, Institute of Global Health and Infectious Professor in Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Darwin
Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Hospital; Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of
North Carolina Health Research, Darwin, Australia
El enfermo agudo con fiebre y exantema Burkholderia pseudomallei y Burkholderia mallei: melioidosis y
muermo
Ronit Cohen-Poradosu, MD
Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv Erika D'Agata, MD, MPH
University Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel Associate Professor of Medicine, Brown University; Department of
Infecciones por anaerobios: conceptos generales Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital,
Providence, Rhode Island
Susan E. Cohn, MD, MPH Pseudomonas aeruginosa y otras especies de Pseudomonas
Professor of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of
Medicine, Chicago, Illinois Inger K. Damon, MD, PhD
Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en la mujer Adjunct Clinical Faculty, Department of Medicine, Emory University School
of Medicine; Director, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and
Mark Connors, MD Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Chief, HIV-Specific Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Ortopoxvirus: vaccinia (vacuna antivariólica), viruela, viruela del
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland mono y viruela bovina; Otros poxvirus que infectan al ser
Inmunología de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humano: parapoxvirus (incluido el virus del orf), molluscum
humana contagiosum y yatapoxvirus
vii i
Rabih O. Darouiche, MD Carl W. Dieffenbach, PhD
VA Distinguished Service Professor, Departments of Medicine, Surgery, Director, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Michael E. DeBakey VA Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
es Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Mecanismos de defensa del huésped innatos (generales o
r
o Infecciones en los pacientes con lesiones medulares inespecíficos)
d
a
r
o Roberta L. DeBiasi, MD Jules L. Dienstag, MD
b
a
ol Acting Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children’s Dean for Medical Education, Carl W. Walter Professor of Medicine,
C National Medical Center; Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University Boston, Massachusetts
School of Medicine; Principal Investigator, Center for Clinical and Antivirales frente a virus de la hepatitis; Hepatitis viral
Translational Science, Childrens Research Institute, Washington, DC
Orthoreovirus y orbivirus; Coltivirus y seadornavirus Yohei Doi, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Uni­
George S. Deepe, Jr., MD versity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Penicilinas e inhibidores de fS-lactamasas; Otros antibióticos
Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, jí-lactámicos
Ohio
Histoplasma capsulatum (Histoplasmosis) Raphael Dolin, MD
Maxwell Finland Professor of Medicine (Microbiology and Molecular Gene­
Carlos del Rio, MD tics), Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Beth Israel Deaconess
Professor and Chair, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins Medical Center; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
School of Public Health, Emory University; Co-Director, Emory Antivirales: principios generales; Otros antivirales (interferones,
Center for AIDS Research, Atlanta, Georgia imiquimod, pleconaril); Vacunas contra la infección por el virus
Epidemiología y prevención del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1; Paramixovirus zoonóti-
adquirida y de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficien­ cos: virus Nipah, Hendra y Menangle; Norovirus y sapovirus
cia humana (calicivirus); Astrovirus y picobirnavirus
Andrew S. Delemos, MD J. Peter Donnelly, PhD
Transplant Hepatologist, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Coordinator of Studies in Supportive Care, Department of Haematology,
Carolina Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Países Bajos
Hepatitis vira! Infecciones en huéspedes inmunocomprometidos: principios
generales
Frank R. DeLeo, PhD
Chief, Pathogen-Host Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Human Michael S. Donnenberg, MD
Bacterial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Professor of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Fagocitos granulociticos Enterobacteriaceae
Gregory P. DeMuri, MD Gerald R. Donowitz, MD
Associate Professor, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases/International Health,
Public Health; Attending Physician, American Family Children’s Department of Medicine, University ofVirginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin Linezolid y otras oxazolidinonas; Neumonía aguda
Sinusitis
Philip R. Dormitzer, MD, PhD
Peter Densen, MD Head of U.S. Research, Global Head of Virology, Vice President, Novartis
Professor of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Univer­ Vaccines, Cambridge, Massachusetts
sity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa Rotavirus
Complemento y deficiencias
James M. Drake, MB BCh, MSc
Terence S. Dermody, MD Professor of Surgery, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Neuro-
Dorothy Overall Wells Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Division of surgeon-in-Chief and Harold Hoffman Shopper’s Drug Mart Chair in
Infectious Diseases, Director, Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Pediatric Neurosurgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick
Research, Director, Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canadá
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee Infecciones de las derivaciones y drenajes de líquido cefalo­
Biología de los virus y enfermedades virales rraquídeo
Robín Dewar, PhD J. Stephen Dumler, MD
Principal Scientist, Leídos Biomedical Research—Frederick, National Professor, Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immuno­
Cáncer Institute—Frederick, Frederick, Maryland logy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Diagnóstico de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia Rickettsia typhi (tifus murino); Ehrlichia chaffeensis (ehrlichiosis
humana monocitotrópica humana), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (ana-
plasmosis granulocitotrópica humana) y otros miembros de la
James H. Díaz, MD, MPHTM, DrPH familia Anaplasmataceae
Professor of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public
Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New J. Stephen Dummer, MD
Orleans, Louisiana Professor, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Chief, Transplant
Introducción a las enfermedades ectoparasitarias; Piojos (pedicu­ Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nash­
losis); Sarna; Miasis y tungiasis; Ácaros, incluidos los trombicúli- ville, Tennessee
dos; Garrapatas, incluidas las parálisis por garrapatas Factores de riesgo y abordaje de las infecciones en los receptores
de trasplantes
IX
Herbert L. DuPont, MD Hakan Erdem, MD
Professor and Director, Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, GATA
Texas School of Public Health; Chief, Internal Medicine Service, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Estambul, Turquía
Baylor St. Luke’s Medical Center; Professor and Vice Chairman, Brucelosis (especies de BrucellaJ Co
Department of Medicine, Baylor College ofMedicine, Houston, Texas la
b
Disentería bacilar: Shigella / Escherichia coli enteroinvasiva Joel D. Ernst, MD o
r
a
Professor, Departments ofMedicine, Pathology, and Microbiology, New d
David T. Durack, MB, DPhil York University School ofMedicine, Nueva York, Nueva York or
e
Consulting Professor ofMedicine, Duke University School ofMedicine, Mycobacterium leprae (lepra) s
Durham, North Carolina
Profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa Peter B. Ernst, DVM, PhD
Professor of Pathology and Director, Comparative Pathology and Medi­
Marlene L. Durand, MD cine, University of California San Diego School ofMedicine, La Jolla,
Associate Professor ofMedicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, California
Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital; Director, Inmunidad de las mucosas
Infectious Disease Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary,
Boston, Massachusetts Rick M. Fairhurst, MD, PhD
Introducción a las infecciones oculares; Endoftalmitis; Uveitis de Chief, Malaria Pathogenesis and Human Immunity Unit, Laboratory
etiología infecciosa; Infecciones perioculares of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland
Paul H. Edelstein, MD Género Plasmodium (malaria)
Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Penns­
ylvania Perelman School ofMedicine; Director of Clinical Microbio­ Jessica K. Fairley, MD
logy, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University Assistant Professor ofMedicine, Emory University School ofMedicine,
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The Emory Clinic, Atlanta, Georgia
Enfermedad de los legionarios y fiebre de Pontiac Cestodos (tenias)
Michael B. Edmond, MD, MPH, MPA Stanley Falkow, PhD
Richard P. Wenzel Professor of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Robert W. and Vivian K. Cahill Professor, Emeritus, Departments of
Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Microbiology & Immunology and Medicine, Stanford University
Hospital Epidemiologist, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia School ofMedicine, Stanford, California
Prevención de infecciones en el ámbito sanitario Perspectiva molecular de la patogenia microbiana
John E. Edwards, Jr., MD Ann R. Falsey, MD
Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department ofMedicine, Harbor/ Professor ofMedicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Rochester
UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California; Professor ofMedicine, School ofMedicine, Rochester, Nueva York
David Geffen School ofMedicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California Metapneumovirus humano
Género Candida
Anthony S. Fauci, MD
Morven S. Edwards, MD Chief, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Chief, Immunopathogenesis
Professor of Pediatrics, Baylor College ofMedicine; Attending Physician, Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Director, National Institute
Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Section, Texas Chil­ of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
dren’s Hospital, Houston, Texas Inmunología de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia
Streptococcus agalactiae (estreptococo del grupo B) humana
George M. Eliopoulos, MD Thomas Fekete, MD
Professor ofMedicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Division of Professor ofMedicine and Chief, Section of Infectious Diseases, Temple
Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, University School ofMedicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Massachusetts Otras especies de Bacillus distintas de Bacillus anthracis y géneros
Principios del tratamiento antiinfeccioso relacionados
Richard T. Ellison III, MD Paul D. Fey, PhD
Professor, Departments ofMedicine and Microbiology & Physiological Professor, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of
Systems, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Massachusetts Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts Staphylococcus epidermidis y otros estafilococos coagulasa-
Neumonía aguda negativos
Timothy P. Endy, MD, MPH Steven M. Fine, MD, PhD
Professor of Medicine, Division Chief of Infectious Diseases, Upstate Associate Professor ofMedicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Uni­
Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York versity of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, Nueva York
Flavivirus (dengue, fiebre amarilla, encefalitis japonesa, encefalitis Virus de la estomatitis vesicular y virus vesiculares relacionados
del Nilo Occidental, encefalitis de San Luis, encefalitis transmitida
por garrapatas, enfermedad del bosque de Kyasanur, fiebre hemo- Daniel W. Fitzgerald, MD
rrágica de Alkhurma, Zika) Associate Professor ofMedicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, Weill
Cornell Medical College, Nueva York, Nueva York
N. Cary Engleberg, MD Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Professor, Departments of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and
Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Anthony R. Flores, MD, MPH, PhD
Michigan Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious
Síndrome de fatiga crónica Diseases, Baylor College ofMedicine, Houston, Texas
Faringitis