Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries 2012

554 Pages·2012·12.246 MB·English

by  International Energy Agency

I E A S T A T I S T I C S
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2012
E D I T I O N
ENERGY BALANCES
OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES
International
Energy Agency
2012
EDITION
ENERGY BALANCES
OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES
This volume contains data for 2009 and 2010 on the supply and consumption
of coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, heat, renewables and waste presented as
comprehensive energy balances. Data are expressed in thousand tonnes of oil
equivalent for over 100 non-OECD countries.
Historical tables summarise production, trade and final consumption data as well as
key energy and economic indicators. These tables also include preliminary estimates
of 2011 production (and trade when available) for natural gas, primary coal and
oil. This book includes definitions of products and flows, explanatory notes on the
individual country data and conversion factors from original units to energy units.
More detailed data in original units are published in the 2012 edition of
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, the sister volume of this publication.
(61 2012 13 1 P1) €120
ISBN 978-92-64-17466-5
-:HSTCQE=V\Y[[Z:
2012
E D I T I O N
ENERGY BALANCES
OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974.
Its primary mandate was – and is – two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member
countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative
research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member
countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among
its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.
The Agency’s aims include the following objectives:
n Secure member countries’ access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular,
through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.
n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection
in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute
to climate change.
n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of
energy data.
n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies
and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy
efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.
n Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and
dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international
organisations and other stakeholders.
IEA member countries:
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea (Republic of)
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
© OECD/IEA, 2012 Spain
International Energy Agency Sweden
9 rue de la Fédération Switzerland
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France Turkey
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United States
Please note that this publication
is subject to specific restrictions
The European Commission
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ENERGY BALANCES OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES (2012 edition) - iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... vii
WORLD ENERGY TRENDS: AN OVERVIEW....................................................................... ix

PART I: METHODOLOGY

1. Issues of data quality ........................................ I.3 4. Geographical coverage ................................... I.19
2. Explanatory notes ............................................. I.7 5. Country notes and sources .............................. I.21
3. Units and conversions .................................... I.15
PART II: STATISTICAL DATA
COUNTRY-SPECIFIC NET CALORIFIC VALUES .............................................................................. II.3
GRAPHS AND ENERGY BALANCE SHEETS 2009-2010
World .................................................................... II.28 Cambodia .............................................................. II.95
OECD Total .......................................................... II.35 Cameroon ............................................................. II.97
Non-OECD Total .................................................. II.38 China, People’s Republic of ................................. II.99
Africa .................................................................... II.41 Chinese Taipei .................................................... II.102
Non-OECD Americas ........................................... II.43 Colombia ............................................................ II.105
Asia (excluding China) ......................................... II.45 Congo ................................................................. II.108
China (P.R. of China and Hong Kong) ................. II.47 Congo, Democratic Republic of. ........................ II.110
Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia ........................... II.50 Costa Rica ........................................................... II.112
Middle East ........................................................... II.52 Côte d’Ivoire ....................................................... II.114
Albania .................................................................. II.57 Croatia ................................................................ II.116
Algeria ................................................................... II.59 Cuba .................................................................... II.119
Angola ................................................................... II.62 Cyprus................................................................. II.121
Argentina ............................................................... II.64 Dominican Republic ........................................... II.123
Armenia ................................................................. II.67 Ecuador ............................................................... II.125
Azerbaijan ............................................................. II.69 Egypt................................................................... II.127
Bahrain .................................................................. II.72 El Salvador ......................................................... II.129
Bangladesh ............................................................ II.74 Eritrea ................................................................. II.131
Belarus .................................................................. II.76 Ethiopia ............................................................... II.133
Benin ..................................................................... II.79 Gabon ................................................................. II.135
Bolivia ................................................................... II.81 Georgia ............................................................... II.137
Bosnia and Herzegovina........................................ II.83 Ghana .................................................................. II.139
Botswana .............................................................. II.85 Gibraltar .............................................................. II.141
Brazil ..................................................................... II.87 Guatemala ........................................................... II.143
Brunei Darussalam ................................................ II.90 Haiti .................................................................... II.145
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Bulgaria ................................................................. II.92 Honduras ............................................................. II.147 20
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Hong Kong, China .............................................. II.149 Pakistan............................................................... II.222
India .................................................................... II.152 Panama ............................................................... II.225
Indonesia ............................................................. II.155 Paraguay ............................................................. II.227
Iran, Islamic Republic of ..................................... II.158 Peru ..................................................................... II.229
Iraq ...................................................................... II.160 Philippines .......................................................... II.231
Jamaica ................................................................ II.162 Qatar ................................................................... II.234
Jordan .................................................................. II.164 Romania .............................................................. II.236
Kazakhstan .......................................................... II.166 Russian Federation ............................................. II.239
Kenya .................................................................. II.169 Saudi Arabia ....................................................... II.242
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of ............ II.171 Senegal ............................................................... II.244
Kosovo ................................................................ II.173 Serbia .................................................................. II.246
Kuwait ................................................................. II.175 Singapore ............................................................ II.249
Kyrgyzstan .......................................................... II.177 South Africa ........................................................ II.251
Latvia .................................................................. II.179 Sri Lanka ............................................................ II.254
Lebanon ............................................................... II.182 Sudan .................................................................. II.256
Libya ................................................................... II.184 Syrian Arab Republic ......................................... II.258
Lithuania ............................................................. II.186 Tajikistan ............................................................ II.260
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia…….... II.189 Tanzania, United Republic of ............................. II.262
Malaysia .............................................................. II.191 Thailand .............................................................. II.264
Malta ................................................................... II.194 Togo .................................................................... II.267
Moldova, Republic of .......................................... II.196 Trinidad and Tobago .......................................... II.269
Mongolia ............................................................. II.199 Tunisia ................................................................ II.271
Montenengro ....................................................... II.201 Turkmenistan ...................................................... II.274
Morocco .............................................................. II.203 Ukraine ............................................................... II.276
Mozambique ........................................................ II.206 United Arab Emirates ......................................... II.279
Myanmar ............................................................. II.208 Uruguay .............................................................. II.281
Namibia ............................................................... II.210 Uzbekistan .......................................................... II.283
Nepal ................................................................... II.212 Venezuela ........................................................... II.286
Netherlands Antilles ............................................ II.214 Vietnam .............................................................. II.289
Nicaragua ............................................................ II.216 Yemen................................................................. II.291
Nigeria ................................................................. II.218 Zambia ................................................................ II.293
Oman ................................................................... II.220 Zimbabwe ........................................................... II.295
SUMMARY TABLES AND ENERGY INDICATORS
Production ........................................................... II.298 Population ........................................................... II.423
Net imports .......................................................... II.320 Energy production/TPES .................................... II.426
Primary energy supply ........................................ II.333 Net oil imports/GDP ........................................... II.429
Electricity generation .......................................... II.353 TPES/GDP .......................................................... II.432
Electricity consumption....................................... II.370 TPES/population ................................................. II.438
Final consumption ............................................... II.373 Oil supply/GDP .................................................. II.441
Consumption in industry ..................................... II.386 Oil supply/population ......................................... II.444
Consumption in transport .................................... II.399 Electricity consumption/GDP ............................. II.447
Other consumption .............................................. II.407 Electricity consumption/population .................... II.450
Gross domestic product (GDP) ........................... II.417

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ENERGY BALANCES OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES (2012 edition) - v
ABBREVIATIONS

Btu: British thermal unit
GWh: gigawatt hour
kcal: kilocalorie
kg: kilogramme
kJ: kilojoule
Mt: million tonnes
m3: cubic metre
t: metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg
TJ: terajoule
toe: tonne of oil equivalent = 107 kcal

CHP: combined heat and power
GCV: gross calorific value
GDP gross domestic product
HHV: higher heating value = GCV
LHV: lower heating value = NCV
NCV: net calorific value
PPP: purchasing power parity
TFC: total final consumption
TPES: total primary energy supply

AfDB: African Development Bank
EU-27: European Union - 27
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations
IEA: International Energy Agency
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OLADE: Organización Latinoamericana de Energía
UN: United Nations
UNECE: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
ISIC: International Standard Industrial Classification
UNIPEDE: International Union of Producers and Distributors of Electrical Energy

.. not available
- nil
x not applicable

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MULTILINGUAL GLOSSARIES
See multilingual glossary at the end of the publication.
Voir le glossaire en plusieurs langues à la fin du présent recueil.
Deutsches Glossar auf der letzten Umschlagseite.
Riferirsi al glossario multilingue alla fine del libro.
巻 末 の 日 本 語 用 語 集 を 参 照
Véase el glosario plurilingüe al final del libro.
—ÏÓÚËÚ ÏÌÓ„ÓˇÁ˚˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓ‚‡¸ ‚ ÍÓ̈ ÍÌË„Ë.
请参考本书最后的多语种术语表

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ENERGY BALANCES OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES (2012 edition) - vii
INTRODUCTION
An analysis of energy problems requires a compre- Nations (UNECE), the Organizacíon Latino Ameri-
hensive presentation of basic statistics in original units cana De Energía (OLADE), the Asia Pacific Energy
such as tonnes of coal and kilowatt hours of electric- Research Centre (APERC), the United Nations Statis-
ity. This type of presentation is published in Energy tics Division (UNSD), and the Forestry Department of
Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, the sister volume the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United
to this publication. The usefulness of such basic data Nations (FAO). It draws upon and complements the
can be considerably improved by expressing them in a extensive work of the United Nations in the field of
common unit suitable for uses such as estimation of world energy statistics.
total energy supply, forecasting and the study of sub-
While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of
stitution and conservation. The energy balance is a
the data, quality is not homogeneous throughout the
presentation of the basic supply and demand data for
publication. In some countries data are based on sec-
all fuels in a manner which shows the main fuels to-
ondary sources, and where incomplete or unavailable,
gether but separately distinguished and expressed in a
on estimates. In general, data are likely to be more
common energy unit. Both of these characteristics
accurate for production, trade and total consumption
will allow the easy comparison of the contribution
than for individual sectors in transformation or final
each fuel makes to the economy and their interrela-
consumption.
tionships through the conversion of one fuel into
another. Energy balances are presented in two formats reflect-
ing the available degree of detail, which is generally
This publication offers the same coverage on energy
lower than that of OECD countries. For example, the
balances, trends and indicators as the homonymous
data on renewable energies and energy from wastes
publication for OECD countries. It provides statistics
are less detailed in this publication than in the report
on production, trade and consumption in a common
Energy Balances of OECD Countries. General issues
unit for each source of energy in more than 100 non-
of data quality, as well as country notes and sources,
OECD countries1,2 and main regions including the should always be consulted when using data.
World. Non-OECD countries cover developing coun-
Energy data on OECD and non-OECD countries are
tries, Central and Eastern European countries, and
collected by the team in the Energy Data Centre
Eurasia. The consistency and complementarity of
(EDC) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by Mr. Jean-
OECD and non-OECD countries’ statistics ensure an
Yves Garnier. The IEA would like to thank and ac-
accurate picture of the global energy situation.
knowledge the dedication and professionalism of the
This volume has been prepared in close collaboration statisticians working on energy data in the countries
with other international organisations, including the that are presented in this publication. Within the IEA,
Economic Commission for Europe of the United non-OECD countries statistics are the responsibility
of Mr. Pierre Boileau with assistance from Ms. Zakia

Adam, Mr. Emmanouil Christinakis, Ms. Claire
1. This document is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty Morel, Mr. Diego Palma, Mr. Gianluca Tonolo and
over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and Mr. Tomasz Truś. Desktop publishing was supplied
boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. by Ms. Sharon Burghgraeve. We would like to 12
2. In this publication ‘country’ refers to country or territory, as the 0
case may be. thank our numerous contacts worldwide in national A, 2
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viii - ENERGY BALANCES OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES (2012 edition)
administrations and in public and private companies Enquiries about data, methodology, or comments and
for their helpful co-operation. suggestions should be addressed to the head of the non-
OECD countries Section, Energy Data Centre, at:
Complete supply and consumption data from 1971 to
2010 and selected estimates for 2011 are available on Energy Data Centre
CD-ROM suitable for use on IBM-compatible systems. International Energy Agency
9 rue de la Fédération
In addition, a data service is available on the internet. It
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
includes unlimited access through an annual subscription
as well as the possibility to obtain data on a pay-per- Telephone: [phone]
view basis. Details are available at http://www.iea.org. E-mail: [email protected].

WHAT’S NEW
Selected estimates for 2011
Preliminary 2011 estimates for all countries and regions have been included in summary tables for
production (primary coal, primary oil, natural gas) and trade (primary coal, natural gas).
New Non-OECD Countries
Data for Kosovo and Montenegro have been added in this year’s edition.
Data for Kosovo are available starting in 2000. Between 1990 and 1999, data for Kosovo are included in
Serbia. Prior to 1990, they are included in Former Yugoslavia.
Data for Montenegro are available starting in 2005. Between 1990 and 2004, data for Montenergo are
included in Serbia. Prior to 1990, they are included in Former Yugoslavia.
The IEA has also made some small changes in the terminology of countries and regions.
The region Latin America and the region Other Latin America have been renamed Non-OECD Americas
and Other Non-OECD Americas.
More detailed energy statistics have become available for Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan for the period 1990
to 2010. As a consequence, information for these countries is now available in an extented format rather
than the aggregated format presented in previous editions of this publication.
The OECD National Accounts has rebased the GDP and GDP PPP series from 2000 USD to 2005 USD.
As a result, those series and all associated ratios now refer to 2005 USD in this publication. The main
sources of the GDP data is World Development Indicators, The World Bank, Washington D.C., 2012 and
the CHELEM-CEPII online databases, 2011 and 2012.

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